Pharmacology in Rehabilitation FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT SOLUTIONS||100% GUARANTEED PASS||ALREADY GRADED A+||UPDATED 2026/2027 SYLLABUS||NEWEST VERSION

Pharmacology in Rehabilitation FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT SOLUTIONS||100% GUARANTEED PASS||ALREADY GRADED A+||UPDATED 2026/2027 SYLLABUS||NEWEST VERSION Review the primary drugs used to decrease pain and inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? - ANSWER Pain and inflammation are often managed with NSAIDs and low-dose corticosteroids, used as adjuncts to disease-modifying therapy to control symptoms, especially during disease flares. Introduce the drugs used to decrease disease progression in RA? - ANSWER Disease progression is targeted with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) such as methotrexate, sulfasalazine, leflunomide, hydroxychloroquine, and biologic or targeted synthetic DMARDs that inhibit specific immune pathways. Articulate the rationale for administering insulin to people with type 1 diabetes mellitus? - ANSWER In type 1 DM, pancreatic beta cells are destroyed, leading to absolute insulin deficiency; exogenous insulin is required to regulate blood glucose, prevent ketoacidosis, and allow normal metabolism and growth. Consider how technological advancements have improved the methods used to deliver insulin? - ANSWER Advances include insulin pens, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion pumps, smart pumps with glucose sensor integration, and continuous glucose monitoring systems that improve dosing precision, convenience, and glycemic control. Categorize the drugs used to help control blood glucose levels in people with type 2 DM? - ANSWER Drug classes include metformin, sulfonylureas and other secretagogues, thiazolidinediones, DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, SGLT2 inhibitors, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, and, when needed, insulin. Explain why exercise and dietary management should always be combined with drug therapy in people with type 1 or type 2 DM? - ANSWER Diet and exercise improve insulin sensitivity, assist with weight control, reduce cardiovascular risk, and help stabilize blood glucose, enhancing the effectiveness of medications and reducing required doses. Identify clinical conditions that could be treated with androgen replacement? - ANSWER Conditions include male hypogonadism due to primary or secondary testicular failure, delayed puberty in males, certain muscle-wasting states, and symptomatic testosterone deficiency with low serum levels. Distinguish clinical uses of androgens from androgen abuse? - ANSWER Clinical use involves physiologic replacement under medical supervision to normalize hormone levels and relieve deficiency symptoms, while abuse involves supraphysiologic doses (often in athletes) to enhance performance or appearance, leading to significant adverse effects. Explain how female hormones can have contraceptive effects? - ANSWER Estrogen-progestin combinations suppress ovulation by inhibiting gonadotropin release, and progestins thicken cervical mucus and alter endometrial lining, reducing sperm penetration and implantation likelihood.