- Part I || MOST RECENT EXAM 2026 ACTUAL COMPLETE
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What is Functional Analysis/Functional Assessment
methods of direct observation within the field of behavior analysis
conducted by BCBA to pinpoint the potential function or purpose of a
behavior via experimental manipulation
What is a functionally equivalent alternative?
a behavior that serves the same function as the target behavior but is
safer or more appropriate and thus more useful for the individual (e.g.,
instead of yelling resulting in d/c of a non-preferred task, request a
break)
What is an operational definition?
a definition that outlines what exactly will be counted as an
occurrence or episode of the behavior; must be observable and
measurable, and the definition must be specific enough such that
multiple observers can agree upon what would count as an
occurrence
,What are two dimensions of a behavior that will be important to take
into account when developing an operational definition?
topography (what the behavior looks like physically) and intensity
(describing the measure of force)
What are five variables of interest when measuring behavior?
frequency, rate, duration, latency, and % correct
What is the four-term contingency within the field of behavior analysis?
establishing operation; discriminative stimulus; response/behavior;
consequence
What is A-B-C analysis?
A=antecedent, B=behavior/response, C=consequence
What is positive reinforcement?
adding something makes a response more likely to occur in the future
(e.g., if you do your chores, I'll give you $5)
What is negative reinforcement?
taking away something makes a response more likely to occur in the
future (e.g., if you do your HW, you can skip chores tonight)
,What is positive punishment?
adding something to make a response less likely in the future (e.g., if you
hit your sister, you have to do the chores)
What is negative punishment?
taking something away to make a response less likely in the future (e.g., if
you hit your sister, you can't play Xbox)
What are 3 kinds of schedules of reinforcement?
extinction (decline in previously reinforced response d/t no more
consequence), continuous (response always produces reinforcer), and
intermittent (response sometimes produces a reinforcer)
What are consequence-based interventions?
systematic intervention wherein the target behavior is followed by a
specific kind of consequences, which depends on whether the
behavior is targeted for increase or decrease
What is a task analysis?
a list of very specific steps involved in completing a task; can be used to
break down larger tasks into smaller component steps
, What is a shaping technique?
reinforcing actions that loosely resemble the target behavior and are
more easily displayed by an individual (successive approximations)
What is fading?
the process by which one learns to produce the same response under
gradually changing conditions
What is generalization?
when one begins to respond similarly to different stimuli or situations
in which they have not been trained
What is discrimination?
when an individual responds differently to similar stimuli
What are some examples of paraverbal behavior?
personal space, body posture and motion, facial expression and gaze,
and tone, volume and cadence of speech
What are some de-escalation techniques to consider when individuals
demonstrate increased frustration and agitation?
active listening, orientation, redirection, setting limits, withdrawing
attention, and contracting (clearly defining the parameters of