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Thiazide Diuretic Examples - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)
Chlorthalidone
Thiazide Diuretic Indications - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔HTN, edema
Thiazide Diuretic MOA - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Promotes sodium and water
excretion by inhibiting Na and Cl reabsorption in the early segment of the
distal convoluted terminal of the nephron
,Thiazide Diuretic Risks - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Hypokalemia, hyponatremia,
hypochloremia, hyperuricemia (gout), hyperglycemia (DM),
hypomagnesemia, hypercalcemia, increased LDL/total cholesterol, and
triglycerides, decreased HDLs
Risk of orthostatic hypotension
Skin photosensitivity
What can Thiazide Diuretics Enhance the toxic or adverse effects of? - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔Cardiac glycosides like Digoxin
Thiazide Diuretic Special Considerations - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔May help with
bone loss in post-menopausal women
On the Beers list and may be inappropriate for those over 65, as there's a
potential for SIADH and hyponatremia. You must monitor their sodium
levels.
,Thiazide Diuretic Monitoring - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Serum electrolytes and renal
function, BP, fluid status, weight, and gout.
Thiazide Diuretics in Black Patients - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Recommended for
Black adults with HTN but without HF or CKD, including those with DM.
This should be the initial treatment, or a calcium channel blocker.
Loop Diuretic Examples - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Furosemide (Lasix)
Loop Diuretic Indications - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Pulmonary edema, edema of
cardiac, hepatic, or renal origin, HTN that doesn't respond to other diuretic
classes
Furosemide (Lasix) MOA - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Blocks the reabsorption of Na
and Cl in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle
Furosemide (Lasix) Risks - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔· Hypokalemia,
· hyponatremia,
· hypochloremia, [Dehydration]
· hyperuricemia [gout],
· hyperglycemia [DM],
· hypomagnesaemia
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, · hypercalcemia,
· ↑ LDL/total chol, triglycerides &
· ↓HDL
Postural hypotension
Furosemide (Lasix) Drug-to-Drug Interactions - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔D2D
interactions:
(Digoxin, lithium, ototoxic drugs)
· Enhance the adverse/toxic effects of Digoxin, decrease
lithium levels)
· NSAIDS may decrease the effects of loop diuretics.
· Ototoxicity (transient with furosemide; irreversible with ethacrynic acid)-
see details about risk in textbook and Lexicomb
Furosemide (Lasix) Cardiac Considerations - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Lasix has a
Risk of TdP Under Certain Conditions - hypokalemia, overdose