PHGY 216 MIDTERM EXAM 250 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026 VERIFIED ANSWERS ACTUAL UPDATED
PRACTICE QUESTIONS HIGH YIELD STUDY GUIDE HUMAN
PHYSIOLOGY EXAM PREPARATION GRADED A+ CLINICAL
SUCCESS REVIEW
what is homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWER -regulation of the internal
environment around a physiological set point
Required by cells and maintained through their specialized functions
How is endocrine system different from other phgy systems - CORRECT
ANSWER -has glands dispersed throughout the body
What are the glands of the endocrine system like - CORRECT ANSWER -
dispersed throughout the body
not connected structurally
form a coordinate system
all secrete hormones
what are the main 4 endocrine glands - CORRECT ANSWER -pituitary
parathyroid
thyroid
adrenal gland
also hypothalamus
,How does the endocrine system work - CORRECT ANSWER -uses
hormones to make homeostatic changes
what are 6 functions of the endocrine system - CORRECT ANSWER -
maintain constant internal environment via regulation of metabolism and
H2O/electrolyte balance
adaptive stress response
growth and development
reproduction
RBC production
integrat w the ANS in regulating circ and digestive functions
what are hormones - CORRECT ANSWER -chem substances secreted into
the blood at low quantity
exert phgy force at a distant target
what are the two main categories of hormones - CORRECT ANSWER -
hydrophilic
lipophilic
what are hydrophilic hormones like - CORRECT ANSWER -highly water
sol
low lipid sl
unbound to carrier molec in the plasma
what are types of hydrophilic hormones - CORRECT ANSWER -peptides
pro
amines
,what are peptides like - CORRECT ANSWER -hydrophilic hors
short chains of AAs
dissolved in plasma
how are peptides syn - CORRECT ANSWER -pre hor are syn in ER ribos
pre hor travel thru ER and golgi and processed into act hor and packed into
secretory vesicles
these packed hor can be stored until cell recieves appropriate signal
when the signal comes exocytosis of the vesicle and the hor is released into the
blood
what are pros - CORRECT ANSWER -longer chains of AAs
what are amines - CORRECT ANSWER -single AA residues
what are the types of amines - CORRECT ANSWER -catecholamines
thyroid
what are catecholamines - CORRECT ANSWER -norepinephrine and
epinephrine
CAN BE FREE OR BOUND TO CARRIER MOLECULES
What hydrophilic hormone is different than most - CORRECT ANSWER -
catecholamines
cause can be free or bound to carrier molecules
, what amine hors are not hydrophilic - CORRECT ANSWER -thyroid
what are lipophilic hor - CORRECT ANSWER -lipid loving
hi sol in lipid
low sol in water
req carrier molecule for transport thru out body
what are the types of lipophilic hor - CORRECT ANSWER -amine thyroid
steroid
how are steroid hor syn - CORRECT ANSWER -ex. cholesterol
prod by tissue (depends on the specific enzymes in the cell of the tissue)
because so lipophilic not stored but released when syn
how do u regulate lipophilic hors - CORRECT ANSWER -regulate the
synthesis
how do hydrophilic and lipophilic hor differ - CORRECT ANSWER -
hydrophilic = stored until signal activates their release
lipophilic = not stored
hydrophilic = not bound to carrier molec in plasma
lipophilic = bound to carrier molec in plasma
what hor are dissolved in plasma - CORRECT ANSWER -peptide
what hor are bound to carrier molec - CORRECT ANSWER -lipophilic
ANSWERS 2026 VERIFIED ANSWERS ACTUAL UPDATED
PRACTICE QUESTIONS HIGH YIELD STUDY GUIDE HUMAN
PHYSIOLOGY EXAM PREPARATION GRADED A+ CLINICAL
SUCCESS REVIEW
what is homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWER -regulation of the internal
environment around a physiological set point
Required by cells and maintained through their specialized functions
How is endocrine system different from other phgy systems - CORRECT
ANSWER -has glands dispersed throughout the body
What are the glands of the endocrine system like - CORRECT ANSWER -
dispersed throughout the body
not connected structurally
form a coordinate system
all secrete hormones
what are the main 4 endocrine glands - CORRECT ANSWER -pituitary
parathyroid
thyroid
adrenal gland
also hypothalamus
,How does the endocrine system work - CORRECT ANSWER -uses
hormones to make homeostatic changes
what are 6 functions of the endocrine system - CORRECT ANSWER -
maintain constant internal environment via regulation of metabolism and
H2O/electrolyte balance
adaptive stress response
growth and development
reproduction
RBC production
integrat w the ANS in regulating circ and digestive functions
what are hormones - CORRECT ANSWER -chem substances secreted into
the blood at low quantity
exert phgy force at a distant target
what are the two main categories of hormones - CORRECT ANSWER -
hydrophilic
lipophilic
what are hydrophilic hormones like - CORRECT ANSWER -highly water
sol
low lipid sl
unbound to carrier molec in the plasma
what are types of hydrophilic hormones - CORRECT ANSWER -peptides
pro
amines
,what are peptides like - CORRECT ANSWER -hydrophilic hors
short chains of AAs
dissolved in plasma
how are peptides syn - CORRECT ANSWER -pre hor are syn in ER ribos
pre hor travel thru ER and golgi and processed into act hor and packed into
secretory vesicles
these packed hor can be stored until cell recieves appropriate signal
when the signal comes exocytosis of the vesicle and the hor is released into the
blood
what are pros - CORRECT ANSWER -longer chains of AAs
what are amines - CORRECT ANSWER -single AA residues
what are the types of amines - CORRECT ANSWER -catecholamines
thyroid
what are catecholamines - CORRECT ANSWER -norepinephrine and
epinephrine
CAN BE FREE OR BOUND TO CARRIER MOLECULES
What hydrophilic hormone is different than most - CORRECT ANSWER -
catecholamines
cause can be free or bound to carrier molecules
, what amine hors are not hydrophilic - CORRECT ANSWER -thyroid
what are lipophilic hor - CORRECT ANSWER -lipid loving
hi sol in lipid
low sol in water
req carrier molecule for transport thru out body
what are the types of lipophilic hor - CORRECT ANSWER -amine thyroid
steroid
how are steroid hor syn - CORRECT ANSWER -ex. cholesterol
prod by tissue (depends on the specific enzymes in the cell of the tissue)
because so lipophilic not stored but released when syn
how do u regulate lipophilic hors - CORRECT ANSWER -regulate the
synthesis
how do hydrophilic and lipophilic hor differ - CORRECT ANSWER -
hydrophilic = stored until signal activates their release
lipophilic = not stored
hydrophilic = not bound to carrier molec in plasma
lipophilic = bound to carrier molec in plasma
what hor are dissolved in plasma - CORRECT ANSWER -peptide
what hor are bound to carrier molec - CORRECT ANSWER -lipophilic
