NUR 354 EXAM 4 STUDY QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2024
◉ Allergic Rhinitis (Symptoms) Answer: Symptoms: Sneezing,
rhinorrhea, congestion, itchy/watery eyes, pale turbinates. Chronic
symptoms: Postnasal drip, cough, headache, nasal polyps,
hoarseness.
◉ Allergic Rhinitis (Management) Answer: Management: Avoid
triggers, 2nd-gen antihistamines (cetirizine, loratadine), nasal
sprays/decongestants (limited use), leukotriene receptor
antagonists, immunotherapy for severe cases.
◉ Acute Viral Rhinitis (Cause) Answer: Cause: Adenovirus infection.
Symptoms: Fever, malaise, thick nasal discharge.
◉ Acute Viral Rhinitis (Complications) Answer: Complications:
Sinusitis, otitis media, pharyngitis.
◉ Acute Viral Rhinitis (Treatment) Answer: Treatment: Rest, fluids,
antipyretics, antihistamines, avoid unnecessary antibiotics.
◉ Sinusitis (Cause) Answer: Cause: Blocked sinus openings →
secretion buildup. Bacterial (S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae) or viral.
, ◉ Sinusitis (Symptoms) Answer: Symptoms: Headache, congestion,
facial tenderness, cough, drainage, fever.
◉ Sinusitis (Treatment) Answer: Treatment: Amoxicillin (first line),
Bactrim or erythromycin as alternative, saline irrigation,
humidification. Avoid antihistamines (dry secretions).
◉ Pharyngitis (Cause) Answer: Cause: Viral (most common),
bacterial (Group A strep), or fungal (Candida).
◉ Pharyngitis (Symptoms) Answer: Symptoms: Throat pain,
redness, exudates.
◉ Pharyngitis (Treatment) Answer: Treatment: Viral: Symptomatic
relief, Bacterial: Antibiotics, Fungal: Nystatin, Supportive: Rest,
fluids, analgesics.
◉ Laryngitis (Cause) Answer: Cause: Overuse, viral/bacterial
infection, allergies, smoke.
◉ Laryngitis (Symptoms) Answer: Symptoms: Hoarseness, throat
pain, cough.
ANSWERS 2024
◉ Allergic Rhinitis (Symptoms) Answer: Symptoms: Sneezing,
rhinorrhea, congestion, itchy/watery eyes, pale turbinates. Chronic
symptoms: Postnasal drip, cough, headache, nasal polyps,
hoarseness.
◉ Allergic Rhinitis (Management) Answer: Management: Avoid
triggers, 2nd-gen antihistamines (cetirizine, loratadine), nasal
sprays/decongestants (limited use), leukotriene receptor
antagonists, immunotherapy for severe cases.
◉ Acute Viral Rhinitis (Cause) Answer: Cause: Adenovirus infection.
Symptoms: Fever, malaise, thick nasal discharge.
◉ Acute Viral Rhinitis (Complications) Answer: Complications:
Sinusitis, otitis media, pharyngitis.
◉ Acute Viral Rhinitis (Treatment) Answer: Treatment: Rest, fluids,
antipyretics, antihistamines, avoid unnecessary antibiotics.
◉ Sinusitis (Cause) Answer: Cause: Blocked sinus openings →
secretion buildup. Bacterial (S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae) or viral.
, ◉ Sinusitis (Symptoms) Answer: Symptoms: Headache, congestion,
facial tenderness, cough, drainage, fever.
◉ Sinusitis (Treatment) Answer: Treatment: Amoxicillin (first line),
Bactrim or erythromycin as alternative, saline irrigation,
humidification. Avoid antihistamines (dry secretions).
◉ Pharyngitis (Cause) Answer: Cause: Viral (most common),
bacterial (Group A strep), or fungal (Candida).
◉ Pharyngitis (Symptoms) Answer: Symptoms: Throat pain,
redness, exudates.
◉ Pharyngitis (Treatment) Answer: Treatment: Viral: Symptomatic
relief, Bacterial: Antibiotics, Fungal: Nystatin, Supportive: Rest,
fluids, analgesics.
◉ Laryngitis (Cause) Answer: Cause: Overuse, viral/bacterial
infection, allergies, smoke.
◉ Laryngitis (Symptoms) Answer: Symptoms: Hoarseness, throat
pain, cough.
