NUR 354 EXAM 4 TEST QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2024
◉ T2 DM Clinical Manifestations. Answer: - often vague and non
specific and occur gradually
- fatigue
- frequent infections: bacterial and yeast (glucose feeds bacteria)
- vision problems (complication)
- delayed wound healing (high glucose impair natural healing rate)
◉ Metabolic Syndrome. Answer: - critieria 3 of the 5 measures:
increased waist circumference: >40 men, >35 women
High triglycerides: > 150
low HDL: <40 men, <50 women
elevated fasting glucose > 100 mg/dl
elevated BP > 130/ >85
◉ metabolic syndrome risk factors. Answer: main risk factor: insulin
resistance
- puts patients at risk for CAD, CVA< DM, and renal disease
,◉ metabolic Syndrome Management. Answer: healthy weight,
physical activity, healthy diet, , and decreasing all risk factors
◉ DM diagnostics criteria. Answer: - two positive results on two
different days
1. Fasting glucose ≥ 126 mg/dl
2. Random glucose ≥ 200 mg/dl AND sx
3. two-hour OGTT ≥ 200 mg/dl
4. hemoglobin A1C > 6.5%
◉ Normal ranges for glucose labs. Answer: 1. Fasting glucose < 100
mg/dl
2. post prandial glucose <140 mg/dl
3. two hour OGTT < 140 mg/dl
4. hemoglobin A1C < 6.5 %
◉ Dm Diagnostics. Answer: - H and P
- other labs: lipid profile, CMP, TSH
- BP
- Clinical eye exam: fundoscopic
◉ DM treatment goals. Answer: promote well being, reduce sx,
prevent acute complications, prevent/delay long term complications
, ◉ DM interprofessional care. Answer: - drug therapy
- nutritional therapy
- exercise
- self monitoring
- footcare
- bariatric surgery
- pancreas transplantation
◉ exogenous insulin. Answer: drug therapy for DM
- type 1 requires this external source
- type 2 may require insulin
- regiments vary from 1-4 doses per day
- basal bolus closely mimics endogenous insulin production
◉ types of insulin. Answer: rapid acting, short acting, intermediate
acting, long acting
- vial and syringe, insulin pen, insulin pump, inhaled
◉ rapid acting insulin. Answer: CLEAR
- onset 15-20 minutes
- peak: 30 min - 3 hours
ANSWERS 2024
◉ T2 DM Clinical Manifestations. Answer: - often vague and non
specific and occur gradually
- fatigue
- frequent infections: bacterial and yeast (glucose feeds bacteria)
- vision problems (complication)
- delayed wound healing (high glucose impair natural healing rate)
◉ Metabolic Syndrome. Answer: - critieria 3 of the 5 measures:
increased waist circumference: >40 men, >35 women
High triglycerides: > 150
low HDL: <40 men, <50 women
elevated fasting glucose > 100 mg/dl
elevated BP > 130/ >85
◉ metabolic syndrome risk factors. Answer: main risk factor: insulin
resistance
- puts patients at risk for CAD, CVA< DM, and renal disease
,◉ metabolic Syndrome Management. Answer: healthy weight,
physical activity, healthy diet, , and decreasing all risk factors
◉ DM diagnostics criteria. Answer: - two positive results on two
different days
1. Fasting glucose ≥ 126 mg/dl
2. Random glucose ≥ 200 mg/dl AND sx
3. two-hour OGTT ≥ 200 mg/dl
4. hemoglobin A1C > 6.5%
◉ Normal ranges for glucose labs. Answer: 1. Fasting glucose < 100
mg/dl
2. post prandial glucose <140 mg/dl
3. two hour OGTT < 140 mg/dl
4. hemoglobin A1C < 6.5 %
◉ Dm Diagnostics. Answer: - H and P
- other labs: lipid profile, CMP, TSH
- BP
- Clinical eye exam: fundoscopic
◉ DM treatment goals. Answer: promote well being, reduce sx,
prevent acute complications, prevent/delay long term complications
, ◉ DM interprofessional care. Answer: - drug therapy
- nutritional therapy
- exercise
- self monitoring
- footcare
- bariatric surgery
- pancreas transplantation
◉ exogenous insulin. Answer: drug therapy for DM
- type 1 requires this external source
- type 2 may require insulin
- regiments vary from 1-4 doses per day
- basal bolus closely mimics endogenous insulin production
◉ types of insulin. Answer: rapid acting, short acting, intermediate
acting, long acting
- vial and syringe, insulin pen, insulin pump, inhaled
◉ rapid acting insulin. Answer: CLEAR
- onset 15-20 minutes
- peak: 30 min - 3 hours
