NCCAA Board Review || MASTERY EXAM PACK;
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS RATED 100% CORRECT!!
Pediatric Larynx located at correct answers C4
Narrowest point of pediatric airway correct answers Cricoid cartilage
Chest wall Compliance v lung compliance correct answers inc CW compliance
dec lung compliance
What is the difference between the pediatric and adult NMJ correct answers pediatric immature
NMJ
when does normal kidney function occur correct answers 6 months
GERD in pediatrics? correct answers inc incidence due to incompetent LES
Hgb at birth correct answers 18-20
Hgb at 5 months correct answers 9-10 g/dl
Neonate RR, HR, BP averages correct answers 40
140
65/40
Infant RR, HR< BP average correct answers 30, 120 , 95/65
Toddler RR, HR, BP average correct answers 25, 100, 100/70
Child RR, HR, BP correct answers 20, 80, 110/60
Premature neonate EBV correct answers 100ml/kg
Full term neonate EBV correct answers 90 ml/kg
Infant EBV correct answers 80 mL/kg
Female EBV correct answers 65 ml/kg
Male EBV correct answers 70 ML/KG
Tube depth calculation by age correct answers 12 +age/2
Vd for water soluble and lipid soluble drugs correct answers increased for water sol
,decreased for lipid sol
albumin binding changes in pediatrics? what does this mean correct answers decreased -->more
free drug available
capillary permeability changes in peds? what does this mean correct answers increased -->more
permeable BBB (reduce doses)
Why do pediatrics have a fast inhalation induction? correct answers Inc alveolar ventilation
Inc VM/FRC ratio
Inc BF to VRO
Why do pediatrics require larger doses of propofol? correct answers larger Vd
Why are pediatrics more sensitive to respiratory depression? correct answers decreased
metabolism and less formed BBB
MR onset changes in pediatrics? correct answers quicker onset (greater sensitivity at NMJ),
infants need less than children
MR duration of action in pediatrics? correct answers prolonged duration due to immature hepatic
biotransformation
Prematurity correct answers Birth before 37 weeks gestation
Keep PaO2 at ____ in premature patients correct answers 50-80
Diaphragmatic hernia msot common side correct answers left
Persistant fetal circulation is what kind of shunt correct answers R-L
Most common variation of TEF correct answers Most common variation- esophagus ends in a
blind
pouch with the lower esophagus connecting to the
trachea
TEF is confirmed by correct answers inability to pass gastric tube
feeding-->choking, coughing, cyanosis
VACTERL association correct answers V = Vertebral anomalies
A = Anal atresia
C = Cardiac anomalies
TE = Tracheoesophageal fistula
R = Renal and or radial anomalies
L = Limb defects
,*can be seen in children with diabetic mothers or trisomy 18*, however this is not a syndrome
because the findings are only associations and do not stem from one problem.
pyloric stenosis s/s correct answers olive like mass
hypokalemia, hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis, jaundice, projectile vomiting
epiglotitis Cause, age, symptoms/signs correct answers Bacterial
2-7
inspiratory stridor
high fever
tripod stance, drooling, mouth open and cyanotic
Croup cause, age, s/s correct answers viral, 6 mo-2,
less airway obstruction, barking ocugh
Ompahlocele correct answers covered by sac and associated with Trisomy 21, DH,
Cardiac/bowel malformation
GASTROSCHISIS correct answers no sac to cover
urgent repair
not associated with other anomalies
Pierre Robin Syndrome correct answers Syndrome presenting with glossoptosis - tongue in
posterior position which affects swallowing, cleft palate
small face and glottis
Treacher Collins Syndrome correct answers small mouth, more severe than PRS
Mandibular hypoplasia, down-slanted palpebral fissures, colobomas, malformed ears, and
zygomatic hypoplasia are commonly seen in what pharyngeal arch 1 abnormality?
Trisomy 21 correct answers Down syndrome
short neck, large ociput, irregular dentition, micrognathia, macroglossia, MR, Strabismus
associated with heart condition, OSA< seizure, subglottic stenosis, TEF
How to manage the TEF patient correct answers Awake intubation without MR
No PPV prior to intubation
Aspiration Risk
Inc secretions
Dehydration
, How to manage the Pyloric Stenosis pt correct answers Pulmonary aspiration risk
Proper NPO status
Epiglottitis treatment correct answers immediate intubation
smaller ETT
sedate sitting
No MR
Treat w abx
Croup treatment correct answers racemic epi
supplemental O2
typically no intubation
cool humidity
How to manage the omphalocele pt correct answers decompress with NG prior to induction
awake/sleep intubation
No N2O
MR
Glucose and fluid management
warm OR
How to manage the gastroschisis pt correct answers decompress with NG prior to induction
awake/sleep intubation
No N2O
MR
Glucose and fluid management
warm OR
infection and dehydration risk
How to manage the PR and TC pt correct answers awake difficult intubation
fully awkae prior to extubation
How to manage the trisomy 21 pt correct answers difficult airway
smaller ETT
postop apnea
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS RATED 100% CORRECT!!
Pediatric Larynx located at correct answers C4
Narrowest point of pediatric airway correct answers Cricoid cartilage
Chest wall Compliance v lung compliance correct answers inc CW compliance
dec lung compliance
What is the difference between the pediatric and adult NMJ correct answers pediatric immature
NMJ
when does normal kidney function occur correct answers 6 months
GERD in pediatrics? correct answers inc incidence due to incompetent LES
Hgb at birth correct answers 18-20
Hgb at 5 months correct answers 9-10 g/dl
Neonate RR, HR, BP averages correct answers 40
140
65/40
Infant RR, HR< BP average correct answers 30, 120 , 95/65
Toddler RR, HR, BP average correct answers 25, 100, 100/70
Child RR, HR, BP correct answers 20, 80, 110/60
Premature neonate EBV correct answers 100ml/kg
Full term neonate EBV correct answers 90 ml/kg
Infant EBV correct answers 80 mL/kg
Female EBV correct answers 65 ml/kg
Male EBV correct answers 70 ML/KG
Tube depth calculation by age correct answers 12 +age/2
Vd for water soluble and lipid soluble drugs correct answers increased for water sol
,decreased for lipid sol
albumin binding changes in pediatrics? what does this mean correct answers decreased -->more
free drug available
capillary permeability changes in peds? what does this mean correct answers increased -->more
permeable BBB (reduce doses)
Why do pediatrics have a fast inhalation induction? correct answers Inc alveolar ventilation
Inc VM/FRC ratio
Inc BF to VRO
Why do pediatrics require larger doses of propofol? correct answers larger Vd
Why are pediatrics more sensitive to respiratory depression? correct answers decreased
metabolism and less formed BBB
MR onset changes in pediatrics? correct answers quicker onset (greater sensitivity at NMJ),
infants need less than children
MR duration of action in pediatrics? correct answers prolonged duration due to immature hepatic
biotransformation
Prematurity correct answers Birth before 37 weeks gestation
Keep PaO2 at ____ in premature patients correct answers 50-80
Diaphragmatic hernia msot common side correct answers left
Persistant fetal circulation is what kind of shunt correct answers R-L
Most common variation of TEF correct answers Most common variation- esophagus ends in a
blind
pouch with the lower esophagus connecting to the
trachea
TEF is confirmed by correct answers inability to pass gastric tube
feeding-->choking, coughing, cyanosis
VACTERL association correct answers V = Vertebral anomalies
A = Anal atresia
C = Cardiac anomalies
TE = Tracheoesophageal fistula
R = Renal and or radial anomalies
L = Limb defects
,*can be seen in children with diabetic mothers or trisomy 18*, however this is not a syndrome
because the findings are only associations and do not stem from one problem.
pyloric stenosis s/s correct answers olive like mass
hypokalemia, hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis, jaundice, projectile vomiting
epiglotitis Cause, age, symptoms/signs correct answers Bacterial
2-7
inspiratory stridor
high fever
tripod stance, drooling, mouth open and cyanotic
Croup cause, age, s/s correct answers viral, 6 mo-2,
less airway obstruction, barking ocugh
Ompahlocele correct answers covered by sac and associated with Trisomy 21, DH,
Cardiac/bowel malformation
GASTROSCHISIS correct answers no sac to cover
urgent repair
not associated with other anomalies
Pierre Robin Syndrome correct answers Syndrome presenting with glossoptosis - tongue in
posterior position which affects swallowing, cleft palate
small face and glottis
Treacher Collins Syndrome correct answers small mouth, more severe than PRS
Mandibular hypoplasia, down-slanted palpebral fissures, colobomas, malformed ears, and
zygomatic hypoplasia are commonly seen in what pharyngeal arch 1 abnormality?
Trisomy 21 correct answers Down syndrome
short neck, large ociput, irregular dentition, micrognathia, macroglossia, MR, Strabismus
associated with heart condition, OSA< seizure, subglottic stenosis, TEF
How to manage the TEF patient correct answers Awake intubation without MR
No PPV prior to intubation
Aspiration Risk
Inc secretions
Dehydration
, How to manage the Pyloric Stenosis pt correct answers Pulmonary aspiration risk
Proper NPO status
Epiglottitis treatment correct answers immediate intubation
smaller ETT
sedate sitting
No MR
Treat w abx
Croup treatment correct answers racemic epi
supplemental O2
typically no intubation
cool humidity
How to manage the omphalocele pt correct answers decompress with NG prior to induction
awake/sleep intubation
No N2O
MR
Glucose and fluid management
warm OR
How to manage the gastroschisis pt correct answers decompress with NG prior to induction
awake/sleep intubation
No N2O
MR
Glucose and fluid management
warm OR
infection and dehydration risk
How to manage the PR and TC pt correct answers awake difficult intubation
fully awkae prior to extubation
How to manage the trisomy 21 pt correct answers difficult airway
smaller ETT
postop apnea
