MED-SURG II HESI EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS NEW
MODIFIED GRADED A+
A 34-year-old female is diagnosed with hypothyroidism. The nurse should
assess the client for which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
1. rapid pulse
2. decreased energy and fatigue
3. weight gain of 10 lbs (4.5 kg)
4. fine, thin hair with hair loss
5. constipation
6. menorrhagia. --CORRECT ANSWER--2. decreased energy and fatigue, 3.
weight gain of 10 lbs (4.5 kg), 5. constipation, 6. menorrhagia
Clients with hypothyroidism exhibit symptoms indicating a lack of thyroid
hormone. Bradycardia, decreased energy and lethargy, memory problems,
weight gain, coarse hair, constipation, and menorrhagia are common signs and
symptoms of hypothyroidism.
CN: Physiological adaptation; CL: Analyze
pg. 1
,Propylthiouracil (PTU) is prescribed for a client with Graves' disease. The nurse
should teach the client to immediately report which of the following?
1. sore throat
2. painful, excessive menstruation
3. constipation
4. increased urine output --CORRECT ANSWER--1. sore throat
The most serious adverse effects of PTU are leukopenia and agranulocytosis,
which usually occur within the first 3 months of treatment. The client should be
taught to promptly report to the health care provider signs and symptoms of
infection, such as a sore throat and fever. Clients having a sore throat and fever
should have an immediate white blood cell count and differential performed,
and the drug must be withheld until
the results are obtained. Painful menstruation, constipation, and increased urine
output are not associated with PTU therapy.
CN: Pharmacological and parenteral therapies; CL: Synthesize
A client with thyrotoxicosis says to the nurse, "I am so irritable. I am having
problems at work because I lose my temper very easily." Which of the
following responses by the nurse would give the client the most accurate
explanation of her behavior?
pg. 2
,1. "Your behavior is caused by temporary confusion brought on by your
illness."
2. "Your behavior is caused by the excess thyroid hormone in your system."
3. "Your behavior is caused by your worrying about the seriousness of your
illness."
4. "Your behavior is caused by the stress of trying to manage a career and cope
with illness." --CORRECT ANSWER--2. "Your behavior is caused by the
excess thyroid hormone in your system."
A typical sign of thyrotoxicosis is irritability caused by the high levels of
circulating thyroid hormones in the body. This symptom decreases as the client
responds to therapy. Thyrotoxicosis does not cause confusion. The client may
be worried about her illness, and stress may influence her mood; however,
irritability is a common symptom of thyrotoxicosis and the client should be
informed of that fact rather than blamed.
CN: Psychosocial integrity; CL: Synthesize
The nurse is completing a health assessment of a 42-year-old female with
suspected Graves' Disease. The nurse should assess this client for:
1. anorexia
2. tachycardia
pg. 3
, 3. weight gain
4. cold skin --CORRECT ANSWER--2. tachycardia
Graves' disease, the most common type of thyrotoxicosis, is a state of
hypermetabolism. The increased metabolic rate generates heat and produces
tachycardia and fine muscle tremors. Anorexia is associated with
hypothyroidism. Loss of weight, despite a good appetite and adequate caloric
intake, is a common feature of hyperthyroidism. Cold skin is associated with
hypothyroidism.
CN: Physiological adaptation; CL: Analyze
When conducting a health history with a female client with thyrotoxicosis, the
nurse should ask about which of the following changes in the menstrual cycle?
1. dysmenorrhea
2. metrorrhagia
3. oligomenorrhea
4. menorrhagia --CORRECT ANSWER--3. oligomenorrhea
A change in the menstrual interval, diminished menstrual flow
(oligomenorrhea), or even the absence of menstruation (amenorrhea) may result
from the hormonal imbalances of thyrotoxicosis. Oligomenorrhea in women and
decreased libido and impotence in men are common features of thyrotoxicosis.
pg. 4
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS NEW
MODIFIED GRADED A+
A 34-year-old female is diagnosed with hypothyroidism. The nurse should
assess the client for which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
1. rapid pulse
2. decreased energy and fatigue
3. weight gain of 10 lbs (4.5 kg)
4. fine, thin hair with hair loss
5. constipation
6. menorrhagia. --CORRECT ANSWER--2. decreased energy and fatigue, 3.
weight gain of 10 lbs (4.5 kg), 5. constipation, 6. menorrhagia
Clients with hypothyroidism exhibit symptoms indicating a lack of thyroid
hormone. Bradycardia, decreased energy and lethargy, memory problems,
weight gain, coarse hair, constipation, and menorrhagia are common signs and
symptoms of hypothyroidism.
CN: Physiological adaptation; CL: Analyze
pg. 1
,Propylthiouracil (PTU) is prescribed for a client with Graves' disease. The nurse
should teach the client to immediately report which of the following?
1. sore throat
2. painful, excessive menstruation
3. constipation
4. increased urine output --CORRECT ANSWER--1. sore throat
The most serious adverse effects of PTU are leukopenia and agranulocytosis,
which usually occur within the first 3 months of treatment. The client should be
taught to promptly report to the health care provider signs and symptoms of
infection, such as a sore throat and fever. Clients having a sore throat and fever
should have an immediate white blood cell count and differential performed,
and the drug must be withheld until
the results are obtained. Painful menstruation, constipation, and increased urine
output are not associated with PTU therapy.
CN: Pharmacological and parenteral therapies; CL: Synthesize
A client with thyrotoxicosis says to the nurse, "I am so irritable. I am having
problems at work because I lose my temper very easily." Which of the
following responses by the nurse would give the client the most accurate
explanation of her behavior?
pg. 2
,1. "Your behavior is caused by temporary confusion brought on by your
illness."
2. "Your behavior is caused by the excess thyroid hormone in your system."
3. "Your behavior is caused by your worrying about the seriousness of your
illness."
4. "Your behavior is caused by the stress of trying to manage a career and cope
with illness." --CORRECT ANSWER--2. "Your behavior is caused by the
excess thyroid hormone in your system."
A typical sign of thyrotoxicosis is irritability caused by the high levels of
circulating thyroid hormones in the body. This symptom decreases as the client
responds to therapy. Thyrotoxicosis does not cause confusion. The client may
be worried about her illness, and stress may influence her mood; however,
irritability is a common symptom of thyrotoxicosis and the client should be
informed of that fact rather than blamed.
CN: Psychosocial integrity; CL: Synthesize
The nurse is completing a health assessment of a 42-year-old female with
suspected Graves' Disease. The nurse should assess this client for:
1. anorexia
2. tachycardia
pg. 3
, 3. weight gain
4. cold skin --CORRECT ANSWER--2. tachycardia
Graves' disease, the most common type of thyrotoxicosis, is a state of
hypermetabolism. The increased metabolic rate generates heat and produces
tachycardia and fine muscle tremors. Anorexia is associated with
hypothyroidism. Loss of weight, despite a good appetite and adequate caloric
intake, is a common feature of hyperthyroidism. Cold skin is associated with
hypothyroidism.
CN: Physiological adaptation; CL: Analyze
When conducting a health history with a female client with thyrotoxicosis, the
nurse should ask about which of the following changes in the menstrual cycle?
1. dysmenorrhea
2. metrorrhagia
3. oligomenorrhea
4. menorrhagia --CORRECT ANSWER--3. oligomenorrhea
A change in the menstrual interval, diminished menstrual flow
(oligomenorrhea), or even the absence of menstruation (amenorrhea) may result
from the hormonal imbalances of thyrotoxicosis. Oligomenorrhea in women and
decreased libido and impotence in men are common features of thyrotoxicosis.
pg. 4
