VARNEYS MIDWIFERY 6TH EDITION KING
EXAM PREP QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
2026 STUDY GUIDE
⩥ Polyhydramnios. Answer: Excess amniotic fluid. Large fundal height
at 28wks increasing through preg.
Associated with: multiple gestation, Rh incompatible, diabetes. Fetal
anomalies - atresia of the esophagus, hydrocephaly, anencephaly or
spina bifida.
D.x. fluid thrill
Uterine distension: Preterm labor, uterine dysfunction, placental
abruption, PP hemorrahge. Fetal malpresentation + cord prolapse.
Hospital birth reco'd.
AFI greater than 24.
⩥ Contraindicated herbs during pregnancy. Answer: Blue cohosh.
Goldenseal. Cotton root bark. Ephedra. Pennyroyal. Birthroot.
⩥ Oligohydramnios. Answer: Reduced amniotic fluid.
Associated with: S.G.A., I.U.G.R., Postdatism.
Fetal mortality due to IUGR, postmaturity syndrome, congenital
anomalies. Cord compression. fetal distress and hypoxia in labor.
+ hydration, and r/o other problems.
,AFI less than 5.0
⩥ Large uterus measurement for dates. Answer: Polyhydramnios,
mulptiples, L.G.A
⩥ Multiple Pregnancy / twins. Answer: Large for dates fundal
measurements. Palpate many parts.
R/o L.G.A
dx: 28-32 wks. Two heartbeats. Ultrasound.
Dizygotic - fraternal. Two eggs and two sperms. Two placentas and two
sacs.
Monozygotic - identical. One egg and one sperm. One placenta and one
or two sacs.
Risks: anemia. Nutrition. Rest. TTTS. Cord prolapse. Hypoxia. Placenta
abruption. PP hemorrhage.
⩥ CPD (cephalopelvic disproportion) is the greatest risk in a breech
birth because .... Answer: after the body is born, the head might not fit
through the pelvis.
⩥ Breech risks. Answer: CPD - leads to fetal hypoxia - leads to
mortality. Cord prolapse.
,⩥ To deliver breech safely at home. Answer: Frank or Complete.
Anterior or Transverse position. Well-flexed head. Gynecoid pelvis.
Average sized baby.
⩥ Newborn with HBV+ mom. Answer: Needs a Hep B vaccines - HBV
and HBIG - within 12 hrs of birth.
⩥ Can an HIV+ mom breastfeed?. Answer: No - infection can be
transmitted through breastmilk
⩥ GBS profylaxis during labor. Answer: Penicillin, ampicillin or
cefazolin q 4hrs through the hours of labor before birth.
Observe newborn 48hrs for s/s GBS
⩥ Most fetuses are in vertex position by. Answer: 35-36 wks gestation.
Only 10% of breech will spontaneously turn to vertex after 36 wks.
⩥ Predisposing factors for breech presentation. Answer: Previous
breech. Prematurity. Multiple gestation. Multiparty with lax uterine tone,
poly, oligo, placenta previa.
Bicornate uterus. Large fibroids low in uterus.
Hydrocephaly. Anencephaly.
⩥ Infant born before 37 wks is. Answer: Preterm.
, Born between 34 and 36.6 is born in late preterm period.
⩥ Infant born before 34 wks is. Answer: Preterm.
⩥ Greatest risk of neonatal mortality. Answer: Preterm birth.
⩥ Risk factors for preterm labor. Answer: Risk assessment of preterm
labor has low specificity and sensitivity.
Mom was born premature. Cervix/uterine anomalies - short cervix. Poor
nutrition, hydration, BMI, weight gain. Substance use. Multiples.
Polyhydramnios. Placenta previa/abruption. PROM. Chorioamnionitis
from vaginal or UTI infection. Recurrent UTI. Chlamydia. BV. GBS.
Periodontal infections.
Treat infections - UTI and chlamydia - to decrease risk of preterm birth.
⩥ Short cervix. Answer: Cervical length less than 25mm at 18-24wks
gestation.
d.x.: transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) measurement.
⩥ PROM. Answer: Rupture of membranes before 37 wks. Also refers to
rupture of membranes before onset of labor.
⩥ Newborn weight to diagnose prematurity. Answer: 5# 8oz before
37wks.
EXAM PREP QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
2026 STUDY GUIDE
⩥ Polyhydramnios. Answer: Excess amniotic fluid. Large fundal height
at 28wks increasing through preg.
Associated with: multiple gestation, Rh incompatible, diabetes. Fetal
anomalies - atresia of the esophagus, hydrocephaly, anencephaly or
spina bifida.
D.x. fluid thrill
Uterine distension: Preterm labor, uterine dysfunction, placental
abruption, PP hemorrahge. Fetal malpresentation + cord prolapse.
Hospital birth reco'd.
AFI greater than 24.
⩥ Contraindicated herbs during pregnancy. Answer: Blue cohosh.
Goldenseal. Cotton root bark. Ephedra. Pennyroyal. Birthroot.
⩥ Oligohydramnios. Answer: Reduced amniotic fluid.
Associated with: S.G.A., I.U.G.R., Postdatism.
Fetal mortality due to IUGR, postmaturity syndrome, congenital
anomalies. Cord compression. fetal distress and hypoxia in labor.
+ hydration, and r/o other problems.
,AFI less than 5.0
⩥ Large uterus measurement for dates. Answer: Polyhydramnios,
mulptiples, L.G.A
⩥ Multiple Pregnancy / twins. Answer: Large for dates fundal
measurements. Palpate many parts.
R/o L.G.A
dx: 28-32 wks. Two heartbeats. Ultrasound.
Dizygotic - fraternal. Two eggs and two sperms. Two placentas and two
sacs.
Monozygotic - identical. One egg and one sperm. One placenta and one
or two sacs.
Risks: anemia. Nutrition. Rest. TTTS. Cord prolapse. Hypoxia. Placenta
abruption. PP hemorrhage.
⩥ CPD (cephalopelvic disproportion) is the greatest risk in a breech
birth because .... Answer: after the body is born, the head might not fit
through the pelvis.
⩥ Breech risks. Answer: CPD - leads to fetal hypoxia - leads to
mortality. Cord prolapse.
,⩥ To deliver breech safely at home. Answer: Frank or Complete.
Anterior or Transverse position. Well-flexed head. Gynecoid pelvis.
Average sized baby.
⩥ Newborn with HBV+ mom. Answer: Needs a Hep B vaccines - HBV
and HBIG - within 12 hrs of birth.
⩥ Can an HIV+ mom breastfeed?. Answer: No - infection can be
transmitted through breastmilk
⩥ GBS profylaxis during labor. Answer: Penicillin, ampicillin or
cefazolin q 4hrs through the hours of labor before birth.
Observe newborn 48hrs for s/s GBS
⩥ Most fetuses are in vertex position by. Answer: 35-36 wks gestation.
Only 10% of breech will spontaneously turn to vertex after 36 wks.
⩥ Predisposing factors for breech presentation. Answer: Previous
breech. Prematurity. Multiple gestation. Multiparty with lax uterine tone,
poly, oligo, placenta previa.
Bicornate uterus. Large fibroids low in uterus.
Hydrocephaly. Anencephaly.
⩥ Infant born before 37 wks is. Answer: Preterm.
, Born between 34 and 36.6 is born in late preterm period.
⩥ Infant born before 34 wks is. Answer: Preterm.
⩥ Greatest risk of neonatal mortality. Answer: Preterm birth.
⩥ Risk factors for preterm labor. Answer: Risk assessment of preterm
labor has low specificity and sensitivity.
Mom was born premature. Cervix/uterine anomalies - short cervix. Poor
nutrition, hydration, BMI, weight gain. Substance use. Multiples.
Polyhydramnios. Placenta previa/abruption. PROM. Chorioamnionitis
from vaginal or UTI infection. Recurrent UTI. Chlamydia. BV. GBS.
Periodontal infections.
Treat infections - UTI and chlamydia - to decrease risk of preterm birth.
⩥ Short cervix. Answer: Cervical length less than 25mm at 18-24wks
gestation.
d.x.: transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) measurement.
⩥ PROM. Answer: Rupture of membranes before 37 wks. Also refers to
rupture of membranes before onset of labor.
⩥ Newborn weight to diagnose prematurity. Answer: 5# 8oz before
37wks.
