HESI (COMPREHENSION A)(Red_Book)QUESTIONS &ANSWERS {WELL EXPLAINED RATIONALES}{BEST STUDYGUIDE 2021}

A client who is admitted with emphysema is having difficulty breathing. In which position should the nurse place the client? D. Sitting upright and forward with both arms supported on an over the bed table Rationale: Adequate lung expansion is dependent on deep breaths that allow the respiratory muscles to increase the longitudinal and anterior-posterior size of the thoracic cage. Sitting upright and leaning forward with the arms supported on an over the bed table allows the thoracic cage to expand in all four directions and reduces dyspnea. Staff on a cardiac unit consists of an RN, two practical nurses (PNs), and one UAP. Team 1's assignment includes two clients who are both 1 day postangioplasty and two clients with unstable angina. Team 2's assignment includes all stable clients, but two clients are bedridden and incontinent. Which staffing plan represents the best use of available staff? A. Team 1: RN team leader, PN; team 2: PN team leader, UAP Rationale: Team 1 includes high-risk clients who require a higher level of assessment and decision making, which should be provided by an RN and PN. Team 2 has stable clients at lower risk than those on team 1. An older client who resides in a long-term care facility is hearing-impaired. How should the nurse modify interventions for this client? D. Face the client and speak in a normal tone of voice. Rationale: A hearing-impaired client frequently relies on lip reading and body language to determine what is being said. The nurse is planning a community teaching program regarding the use of folic acid to prevent neural tube birth defects. Which community group is likely to benefit most from this program? C. Class of people interested in having children Rationale: Folic acid is needed early in pregnancy to prevent neural tube defects. A client with acute renal failure (ARF) starts to void 4 L/day 2 weeks after treatment is initiated. Which complication is important for the nurse to monitor the client for at this time? B. Hypotension Rationale: During the transition from oliguria to the diuretic phase of acute renal failure, the tubule's inability to concentrate the urine causes osmotic diuresis, which places the client at risk for hypovolemia and hypotension. When the nurse-manager posts a schedule for volunteers to be