BIOLOGY PROCTORED EXAM PENN FOSTER
ACTUAL EXAM/ LATEST UPDATE 2026 WITH 200
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS)|A+GRADE
Characteristics of living things
- Correct Answer-
-All are composed of cells
-All obtain energy and use it to develop
-Can sense changes in the environment and adjust in response to change
-Exhibit modifications that represent adaptations to their environment
Levels of Biological Organization
- Correct Answer-atom, molecule, organelle, cell,tissue, organ, organ system,
organism
How are organisms classified?
- Correct Answer-on the basis of theirevolutionary/genetic
relatedness
What is the scientific method? What is it's importance in biological sciences?
- CorrectAnswer-Process used to validate observations while minimizing
observer bias
It's goal is for research to be conduced in a fair, unbiased and repeatable manner.
Thebest way to discover how and why the world works
What is matter?
- Correct Answer-Anything that has mass and takes up space
What is an atom?
- Correct Answer-smallest unit of matter that retains all the chemical properties of
an element. They combine to form molecules which then form into a solid,gas or
liquid
What is the structure of an atom?
- Correct Answer-Nucleus in the center that containsprotons (positively charged)
and neutrons (no charge). The outermost region is called an electron shell that
contain the electrons (negatively charged)
What is an ionic bond?
- Correct Answer-A chemical bond that's formed when an atomtransfers and
,electron to another Atom
What is a covalent bond?
- Correct Answer-Results when 2 atoms share electrons inorder to have a
completed outer shell
What is a double covalent bond?
- Correct Answer-Occurs when 2 atoms share 2 pairsof electroms
In order to be an organic molecule it must contain what?
- Correct Answer-Carbon andhydrogen
What are the main groups of organic molecules that build cells and their parts?
- CorrectAnswer-Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acid
What are the properties of water?
- Correct Answer-Its attraction to polar molecules.High-specific heat.
High heat of vaporization.
The lower density of ice.
High polarity.
Carbohydrates
- Correct Answer-Broken down to glucose to provide energy.
What are the different kinds of carbs?
- Correct Answer-Glucose= monosaccharide thatserves as blood sugar
Sucrose= disaccharide which is table sugar
Polysaccharides= include starch, which stores energy in
plantsGlycogen= stores energy in animals
Cellulose= makes up the structure of plant cell walls
Protein
- Correct Answer-macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and
nitrogen; needed by the body for growth and repair
Lipid
- Correct Answer-Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes,
that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Serve as a long term energy source
Nucleic acid
- Correct Answer-macromolecule containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen,carbon,
, and phosphorus
Form DNA which acts to store genetic information
What is the cell theory?
- Correct Answer-All living organisms are made up of cellsThe cell is the smallest
structural and functional unit of all living organisms
All cells arise from pre-existing cells
Ribosome
- Correct Answer-Makes proteins
Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Correct Answer-A cell structure that forms a maze of passageways in which
proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cellto another.
Smooth ER
- Correct Answer-Makes lipids
Rough ER - Correct Answer-That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with
ribosomes.
Golgi Apparatus - Correct Answer-Sorts and packs protein into vesicles and
transportsthem
Lysosome
- Correct Answer-Digests food, bacteria and worn out organelles
Vacuole
- Correct Answer-Stores food, enzymes and other material
Mitochondria
- Correct Answer-Powerhouse of the cell- produces energy for growth,development
and movement
Nucleus
- Correct Answer-A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsiblefor
growth and reproduction
Cell wall
- Correct Answer-A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane andprovides
support to the cell
Explain the process of diffusion:
- Correct Answer-Molecules move from an area ofhigher concentration to an area
of lower concentration until the concentration of molecules is the same at both
ACTUAL EXAM/ LATEST UPDATE 2026 WITH 200
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS)|A+GRADE
Characteristics of living things
- Correct Answer-
-All are composed of cells
-All obtain energy and use it to develop
-Can sense changes in the environment and adjust in response to change
-Exhibit modifications that represent adaptations to their environment
Levels of Biological Organization
- Correct Answer-atom, molecule, organelle, cell,tissue, organ, organ system,
organism
How are organisms classified?
- Correct Answer-on the basis of theirevolutionary/genetic
relatedness
What is the scientific method? What is it's importance in biological sciences?
- CorrectAnswer-Process used to validate observations while minimizing
observer bias
It's goal is for research to be conduced in a fair, unbiased and repeatable manner.
Thebest way to discover how and why the world works
What is matter?
- Correct Answer-Anything that has mass and takes up space
What is an atom?
- Correct Answer-smallest unit of matter that retains all the chemical properties of
an element. They combine to form molecules which then form into a solid,gas or
liquid
What is the structure of an atom?
- Correct Answer-Nucleus in the center that containsprotons (positively charged)
and neutrons (no charge). The outermost region is called an electron shell that
contain the electrons (negatively charged)
What is an ionic bond?
- Correct Answer-A chemical bond that's formed when an atomtransfers and
,electron to another Atom
What is a covalent bond?
- Correct Answer-Results when 2 atoms share electrons inorder to have a
completed outer shell
What is a double covalent bond?
- Correct Answer-Occurs when 2 atoms share 2 pairsof electroms
In order to be an organic molecule it must contain what?
- Correct Answer-Carbon andhydrogen
What are the main groups of organic molecules that build cells and their parts?
- CorrectAnswer-Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acid
What are the properties of water?
- Correct Answer-Its attraction to polar molecules.High-specific heat.
High heat of vaporization.
The lower density of ice.
High polarity.
Carbohydrates
- Correct Answer-Broken down to glucose to provide energy.
What are the different kinds of carbs?
- Correct Answer-Glucose= monosaccharide thatserves as blood sugar
Sucrose= disaccharide which is table sugar
Polysaccharides= include starch, which stores energy in
plantsGlycogen= stores energy in animals
Cellulose= makes up the structure of plant cell walls
Protein
- Correct Answer-macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and
nitrogen; needed by the body for growth and repair
Lipid
- Correct Answer-Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes,
that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Serve as a long term energy source
Nucleic acid
- Correct Answer-macromolecule containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen,carbon,
, and phosphorus
Form DNA which acts to store genetic information
What is the cell theory?
- Correct Answer-All living organisms are made up of cellsThe cell is the smallest
structural and functional unit of all living organisms
All cells arise from pre-existing cells
Ribosome
- Correct Answer-Makes proteins
Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Correct Answer-A cell structure that forms a maze of passageways in which
proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cellto another.
Smooth ER
- Correct Answer-Makes lipids
Rough ER - Correct Answer-That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with
ribosomes.
Golgi Apparatus - Correct Answer-Sorts and packs protein into vesicles and
transportsthem
Lysosome
- Correct Answer-Digests food, bacteria and worn out organelles
Vacuole
- Correct Answer-Stores food, enzymes and other material
Mitochondria
- Correct Answer-Powerhouse of the cell- produces energy for growth,development
and movement
Nucleus
- Correct Answer-A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsiblefor
growth and reproduction
Cell wall
- Correct Answer-A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane andprovides
support to the cell
Explain the process of diffusion:
- Correct Answer-Molecules move from an area ofhigher concentration to an area
of lower concentration until the concentration of molecules is the same at both
