EESA06 MIDTERM QUESTINS & ANSWERS
stratiagraphy - Answers -The study of the layers of Earth
Seafloor Spreading - Answers -The progressive widening of ocean basins which
pushes the continents apart
Pangea - Answers -- A supercontinent containing all of Earth's land that existed about
225 million years ago
- Slowly over the yrs all continents will move back together
Panthalassa - Answers -- the single, large ocean that covered Earth's surface during
the time the supercontinent Pangaea existed
- Superocean
Outcrops - Answers -A rock formation that is visible on the surface
Ice sheets - Answers -A rock formation that is visible on the surface
plate tectonics - Answers -- Lithospheric plates slide over hot plastic rocks
- They are constantly changing the appearance of the planet by moving continents
around, opening and closing ocean basins
- Thin slabs of rock (50-60km) referred to as plate
- Describes the actions of the crust of the earth due to convection at depth in the earth's
mantle
- The earth's surface is broken into large jigsaw pieces (American plates, African plates,
Eurasian plates)
- Tectonics means to build
Mantle - Answers -made of ferromagnesian silicate mineral & is therefore more rich in
iron & magnesium than crystal rocks, it contains silica unlike the metallic core
mantle convection - Answers -- Scale rocks flow in large convection cells that bring
heat from the interior to the surface
- Hot rocks rise while cold rocks sink
Plume - Answers -- Rise to the surface of the earth and as they rise they experience
decompression rising which causes it to melt and that's what produces magma which
spouts out the surface
- Hot rocks rising from the mantle
- Hot spot
hot-spot track - Answers -A chain of now-dead volcanoes transported off the hot spot
by the movement of a lithosphere plate.
, Inclination - Answers -the angle at which magnetic particles dip when the magma cools
down
Oceanic Crust - Answers -Made of different rock types than continental drift (oceanic
crust made out of basalt)
Basalt - Answers -- Made out of a lot of iron and magnesium so it has a relatively high
density so it sinks
- It slowly sinks back down into the mantle
Subduction - Answers -- Pushing one plate underneath the other which builds up stress
and it is dangerous when that built up stress is released
- OCEANIC crust converging w/ CONTINENTAL crust
Andesite - Answers -- makes up continents and has a lower density than basalt;
therefore, it does not want to sink back into the mantle
- they produce ash
Uniformitarianism - Answers -- using the present day conditions to interpret the past
- basically a passport for travel for geologist
Pacific Rim of Fire - Answers -the great volcanic mountain ranges surrounding the
Pacific ocean that often produce earthquakes and volcanic activity
Magnetometer - Answers -Device used to map the ocean floor that detects small
changes in magnetic fields.
Primary Waves (P-Waves) - Answers -- Travel the fastest through rock material by
causing particles in the rock to move back and forth, or vibrate, in the same direction as
the waves are moving.
- Can travel through fluids AND solids
Secondary Waves (S Waves) - Answers -type of seismic body waves that are Slower
and ONLY travel through SOLIDS.
Body Waves - Answers -- They travel through the body of the earth
- S and P waves
Surface Waves - Answers -Travels around the surface of the planet
Lithosphere - Answers -A rigid layer made up of the uppermost part of the mantle and
the crust.
Athenosphere - Answers -The soft layer of the mantle on which the tectonic plates
move
stratiagraphy - Answers -The study of the layers of Earth
Seafloor Spreading - Answers -The progressive widening of ocean basins which
pushes the continents apart
Pangea - Answers -- A supercontinent containing all of Earth's land that existed about
225 million years ago
- Slowly over the yrs all continents will move back together
Panthalassa - Answers -- the single, large ocean that covered Earth's surface during
the time the supercontinent Pangaea existed
- Superocean
Outcrops - Answers -A rock formation that is visible on the surface
Ice sheets - Answers -A rock formation that is visible on the surface
plate tectonics - Answers -- Lithospheric plates slide over hot plastic rocks
- They are constantly changing the appearance of the planet by moving continents
around, opening and closing ocean basins
- Thin slabs of rock (50-60km) referred to as plate
- Describes the actions of the crust of the earth due to convection at depth in the earth's
mantle
- The earth's surface is broken into large jigsaw pieces (American plates, African plates,
Eurasian plates)
- Tectonics means to build
Mantle - Answers -made of ferromagnesian silicate mineral & is therefore more rich in
iron & magnesium than crystal rocks, it contains silica unlike the metallic core
mantle convection - Answers -- Scale rocks flow in large convection cells that bring
heat from the interior to the surface
- Hot rocks rise while cold rocks sink
Plume - Answers -- Rise to the surface of the earth and as they rise they experience
decompression rising which causes it to melt and that's what produces magma which
spouts out the surface
- Hot rocks rising from the mantle
- Hot spot
hot-spot track - Answers -A chain of now-dead volcanoes transported off the hot spot
by the movement of a lithosphere plate.
, Inclination - Answers -the angle at which magnetic particles dip when the magma cools
down
Oceanic Crust - Answers -Made of different rock types than continental drift (oceanic
crust made out of basalt)
Basalt - Answers -- Made out of a lot of iron and magnesium so it has a relatively high
density so it sinks
- It slowly sinks back down into the mantle
Subduction - Answers -- Pushing one plate underneath the other which builds up stress
and it is dangerous when that built up stress is released
- OCEANIC crust converging w/ CONTINENTAL crust
Andesite - Answers -- makes up continents and has a lower density than basalt;
therefore, it does not want to sink back into the mantle
- they produce ash
Uniformitarianism - Answers -- using the present day conditions to interpret the past
- basically a passport for travel for geologist
Pacific Rim of Fire - Answers -the great volcanic mountain ranges surrounding the
Pacific ocean that often produce earthquakes and volcanic activity
Magnetometer - Answers -Device used to map the ocean floor that detects small
changes in magnetic fields.
Primary Waves (P-Waves) - Answers -- Travel the fastest through rock material by
causing particles in the rock to move back and forth, or vibrate, in the same direction as
the waves are moving.
- Can travel through fluids AND solids
Secondary Waves (S Waves) - Answers -type of seismic body waves that are Slower
and ONLY travel through SOLIDS.
Body Waves - Answers -- They travel through the body of the earth
- S and P waves
Surface Waves - Answers -Travels around the surface of the planet
Lithosphere - Answers -A rigid layer made up of the uppermost part of the mantle and
the crust.
Athenosphere - Answers -The soft layer of the mantle on which the tectonic plates
move
