EESA06 MIDTERM REVIEW - LECTURES
Approximately how much does Toronto move each year? - Answers -3.7 cm
(southwest)
What is geology (also referred to as Earth Science or Geoscience)? - Answers -Study
of the earth
What is physics & geophysics? - Answers -study of elemental matter and energy
the application of physics to geology
How old is the Earth? - Answers -4.543 billion/4500 million years old
Plate tectonics tell us the Earth is divided into large equal plates like a jigsaw puzzle
(T/F) - Answers -False
What causes plates to move? - Answers -Convection from the hot mantle
What does Pangaea mean in Greek? - Answers -"All the lands"
When Pangaea broke up, what is the name of the two land masses called? - Answers -
Laurasia and Gondwana
What is the supercontinent cycle? - Answers -The process where supercontinents form
and break apart over millions of years
In about 250 million years, where will the "supercontinent" be located? - Answers -
China
At what type of plate boundary can we expect to find big, large mountains? - Answers -
a convergent boundary
What does Paleo mean? - Answers -old or ancient
What is the paleoenvironment? - Answers -ancient environment
What is an outcrop? - Answers -Ancient rock formation visible on the Earth's surface
What is the law of superposition? - Answers -Oldest rocks always found on the bottom
Youngest rocks always found on the top
What is structural geology? - Answers -The study of how rocks get
deformed/folded/bent
, What are sedimentary structures? - Answers -a structure defined by a variety of cross,
graded, ripple marks, mud cracks, etc.
What is an index fossil? - Answers -A fossil that can be used to determine the age/time
period it came from
What is a trace fossil? - Answers -a fossil of a footprint, trail, burrow, or other trace of
an animal rather than of the animal itself
What is ichnology? - Answers -the study of trace fossils
What is radiometric dating? - Answers -using (the decay rate of) radioactive material to
date rocks and other objects
What is the Precambrian era? - Answers -Earliest site of complex multicelluar lifeforms
What period are we living in right now? - Answers -Quaternary period
What does uniformitarianism? - Answers -"the present is the key to the past"
Assuming that the present day can be directly used to interpret the past. Operates as a
uniform process: past to present
What is subduction? - Answers -Where a plate is dragged or pushed below another
During subduction, the plate being subducted is cold is too cold to melt (T/F) - Answers
-False
Volcanoes can form at subduction zones (T/F) - Answers -True
We currently live in an interglacial period. What does that mean? - Answers -It means
we are living between ice ages
What does anthropocene mean? - Answers -"The epoch of man"
Refers to how humans have changed the natural geology
Humans have modified the Earth so much but not enough such that the natural geology
has also changed (T/F) - Answers -False
What is hydrogeology? - Answers -The study of underground water
What is hydrology? - Answers -The study of surface water (lakes, rivers, etc)
When is the generally accepted date of the first atlas? - Answers -1570
Approximately how much does Toronto move each year? - Answers -3.7 cm
(southwest)
What is geology (also referred to as Earth Science or Geoscience)? - Answers -Study
of the earth
What is physics & geophysics? - Answers -study of elemental matter and energy
the application of physics to geology
How old is the Earth? - Answers -4.543 billion/4500 million years old
Plate tectonics tell us the Earth is divided into large equal plates like a jigsaw puzzle
(T/F) - Answers -False
What causes plates to move? - Answers -Convection from the hot mantle
What does Pangaea mean in Greek? - Answers -"All the lands"
When Pangaea broke up, what is the name of the two land masses called? - Answers -
Laurasia and Gondwana
What is the supercontinent cycle? - Answers -The process where supercontinents form
and break apart over millions of years
In about 250 million years, where will the "supercontinent" be located? - Answers -
China
At what type of plate boundary can we expect to find big, large mountains? - Answers -
a convergent boundary
What does Paleo mean? - Answers -old or ancient
What is the paleoenvironment? - Answers -ancient environment
What is an outcrop? - Answers -Ancient rock formation visible on the Earth's surface
What is the law of superposition? - Answers -Oldest rocks always found on the bottom
Youngest rocks always found on the top
What is structural geology? - Answers -The study of how rocks get
deformed/folded/bent
, What are sedimentary structures? - Answers -a structure defined by a variety of cross,
graded, ripple marks, mud cracks, etc.
What is an index fossil? - Answers -A fossil that can be used to determine the age/time
period it came from
What is a trace fossil? - Answers -a fossil of a footprint, trail, burrow, or other trace of
an animal rather than of the animal itself
What is ichnology? - Answers -the study of trace fossils
What is radiometric dating? - Answers -using (the decay rate of) radioactive material to
date rocks and other objects
What is the Precambrian era? - Answers -Earliest site of complex multicelluar lifeforms
What period are we living in right now? - Answers -Quaternary period
What does uniformitarianism? - Answers -"the present is the key to the past"
Assuming that the present day can be directly used to interpret the past. Operates as a
uniform process: past to present
What is subduction? - Answers -Where a plate is dragged or pushed below another
During subduction, the plate being subducted is cold is too cold to melt (T/F) - Answers
-False
Volcanoes can form at subduction zones (T/F) - Answers -True
We currently live in an interglacial period. What does that mean? - Answers -It means
we are living between ice ages
What does anthropocene mean? - Answers -"The epoch of man"
Refers to how humans have changed the natural geology
Humans have modified the Earth so much but not enough such that the natural geology
has also changed (T/F) - Answers -False
What is hydrogeology? - Answers -The study of underground water
What is hydrology? - Answers -The study of surface water (lakes, rivers, etc)
When is the generally accepted date of the first atlas? - Answers -1570
