Comprehensive Anemia Types & Nursing
Care: NCLEX Focus Exam Questions
and Answers Graded A+
Anemia - Correct answer-A deficiency of red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin, or
hematocrit, leading to decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.
Decreased RBC production - Correct answer-Caused by iron, B12, or folate
deficiency; bone marrow suppression.
Increased RBC destruction (hemolysis) - Correct answer-Caused by autoimmune
reactions, sickle cell disease, medications.
Blood loss - Correct answer-Can occur due to trauma, surgery, GI bleed, or heavy
menses.
Normal Hemoglobin (Hgb) values - Correct answer-Males: 13-17 g/dL; Females:
12-16 g/dL.
Normal Hematocrit (Hct) values - Correct answer-Males: 42-52%; Females: 37-
47%.
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, Normal RBC count - Correct answer-4.5-6 million/mm³.
Normal Reticulocyte count - Correct answer-0.5-2% (indicates new RBC
production).
General Signs & Symptoms of Anemia - Correct answer-Fatigue, weakness,
lethargy, shortness of breath, dyspnea on exertion, pallor, dizziness, syncope,
headache, cold intolerance, tachycardia, palpitations, glossitis, nail changes, pica.
Iron-Deficiency Anemia - Correct answer-Most common type of anemia caused by
inadequate iron intake or absorption, chronic blood loss, or increased demand.
Manifestations of Iron-Deficiency Anemia - Correct answer-Fatigue, weakness,
pallor, glossitis, cheilosis, brittle nails, pica.
Diagnostics for Iron-Deficiency Anemia - Correct answer-↓ Hgb, ↓ Hct, ↓ MCV
(microcytic), ↓ Ferritin and serum iron, ↑ Total iron-binding capacity (TIBC).
Treatment for Iron-Deficiency Anemia - Correct answer-Increase dietary iron, oral
iron supplements, take on empty stomach with vitamin C, avoid milk and antacids.
Side effects of Iron supplements - Correct answer-Constipation, dark/tarry stools.
Severe anemia treatment - Correct answer-Parenteral iron (iron dextran,
ferumoxytol).
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
Care: NCLEX Focus Exam Questions
and Answers Graded A+
Anemia - Correct answer-A deficiency of red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin, or
hematocrit, leading to decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.
Decreased RBC production - Correct answer-Caused by iron, B12, or folate
deficiency; bone marrow suppression.
Increased RBC destruction (hemolysis) - Correct answer-Caused by autoimmune
reactions, sickle cell disease, medications.
Blood loss - Correct answer-Can occur due to trauma, surgery, GI bleed, or heavy
menses.
Normal Hemoglobin (Hgb) values - Correct answer-Males: 13-17 g/dL; Females:
12-16 g/dL.
Normal Hematocrit (Hct) values - Correct answer-Males: 42-52%; Females: 37-
47%.
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
, Normal RBC count - Correct answer-4.5-6 million/mm³.
Normal Reticulocyte count - Correct answer-0.5-2% (indicates new RBC
production).
General Signs & Symptoms of Anemia - Correct answer-Fatigue, weakness,
lethargy, shortness of breath, dyspnea on exertion, pallor, dizziness, syncope,
headache, cold intolerance, tachycardia, palpitations, glossitis, nail changes, pica.
Iron-Deficiency Anemia - Correct answer-Most common type of anemia caused by
inadequate iron intake or absorption, chronic blood loss, or increased demand.
Manifestations of Iron-Deficiency Anemia - Correct answer-Fatigue, weakness,
pallor, glossitis, cheilosis, brittle nails, pica.
Diagnostics for Iron-Deficiency Anemia - Correct answer-↓ Hgb, ↓ Hct, ↓ MCV
(microcytic), ↓ Ferritin and serum iron, ↑ Total iron-binding capacity (TIBC).
Treatment for Iron-Deficiency Anemia - Correct answer-Increase dietary iron, oral
iron supplements, take on empty stomach with vitamin C, avoid milk and antacids.
Side effects of Iron supplements - Correct answer-Constipation, dark/tarry stools.
Severe anemia treatment - Correct answer-Parenteral iron (iron dextran,
ferumoxytol).
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
