NCLEX Hematology-Immune Exam
Questions and Answers Graded A+
The nurse in the hematology clinic prepares a class series on immunologic diseases
for new clients. Which organs does the nurse describes as part of the immune
system of the body?
1. Spleen and thymus
2. Liver and kidneys
3. Heart and lungs
4. Gall bladder and pancreas - Correct answer-1. Spleen and thymus - the spleen
has both nonimmunologic and immunologic functions. The spleen is considered
part of the lymphatic system and has functions of immunologic defense such as
routinely cleansing the blood of microorganisms by macrophages and producing
leukocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes. The removal of the spleen or diminished
function from infection or injury greatly increases the risk for bacterial infections.
The thymus is an endocrine organ responsible for development of T-lymphocytes
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,which, when mature, are called T-cells. These have cytotoxic properties and can
destroy "target" cells.
The nurse obtains a history from a client with a diagnosis of sickle cell anemia.
The client is admitted with a diagnosis of vaso-occlusive crisis. The nurse
identifies which factor most contributed to the vaso-occlusive crisis?
1. The client recently had an upper respiratory infection
2. The client has type 1 diabetes
3. The client drinks tea at dinner
4. The client attended a child's graduation yesterday - Correct answer-1. The client
recently had an upper respiratory infection -- Sickle cell disease is a severe
hemolytic anemia resulting from defective hemoglobin. In the presence of low
oxygen, the client's hemoglobin becomes sick-shaped and red blood cells clump
together obstructing capillary blood flow. Symptoms of vaso-occlusive crisis
include pain and jaundice. Infection and dehydration can precipitate a vaso-
occlusive crisis.
The nurse provides care for a client diagnosed with polycythemia vera. The nurse
expects to make which assessment?
1. Jaundice
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, 2. Hematocrit <48%
3. Ruddy (reddish) complexion
4. Hypotension - Correct answer-3. Ruddy (reddish) complexion -- Symptoms of
polycythemia vera occur as a result of increased blood volume and viscosity.
Symptoms from an increase in blood volume include headache, dizziness, tinnitus,
fatigue, paresthesias, and blurred vision. Symptoms related to blood viscosity may
include angina, claudication, dyspnea, thrombophlebitis and an elevated BP
Other info:
1. Jaundice - polycythemia vera is a condition where the body makes extra red
blood cells which causes hyperviscosity (thickening) of the blood. The blood can
form clots more easily which can cause occlusions in the veins and arteries putting
the client at risk for a heart attack or stroke. Polycythemia vera does not cause
jaundice
2. The client's hematocrit will be elevated (over 55%) because of the
overproduction of RBC. The client's superficial veins may also be distended
3. CORRECT
4. HTN occurs due to increased viscosity of the blood
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Questions and Answers Graded A+
The nurse in the hematology clinic prepares a class series on immunologic diseases
for new clients. Which organs does the nurse describes as part of the immune
system of the body?
1. Spleen and thymus
2. Liver and kidneys
3. Heart and lungs
4. Gall bladder and pancreas - Correct answer-1. Spleen and thymus - the spleen
has both nonimmunologic and immunologic functions. The spleen is considered
part of the lymphatic system and has functions of immunologic defense such as
routinely cleansing the blood of microorganisms by macrophages and producing
leukocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes. The removal of the spleen or diminished
function from infection or injury greatly increases the risk for bacterial infections.
The thymus is an endocrine organ responsible for development of T-lymphocytes
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,which, when mature, are called T-cells. These have cytotoxic properties and can
destroy "target" cells.
The nurse obtains a history from a client with a diagnosis of sickle cell anemia.
The client is admitted with a diagnosis of vaso-occlusive crisis. The nurse
identifies which factor most contributed to the vaso-occlusive crisis?
1. The client recently had an upper respiratory infection
2. The client has type 1 diabetes
3. The client drinks tea at dinner
4. The client attended a child's graduation yesterday - Correct answer-1. The client
recently had an upper respiratory infection -- Sickle cell disease is a severe
hemolytic anemia resulting from defective hemoglobin. In the presence of low
oxygen, the client's hemoglobin becomes sick-shaped and red blood cells clump
together obstructing capillary blood flow. Symptoms of vaso-occlusive crisis
include pain and jaundice. Infection and dehydration can precipitate a vaso-
occlusive crisis.
The nurse provides care for a client diagnosed with polycythemia vera. The nurse
expects to make which assessment?
1. Jaundice
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, 2. Hematocrit <48%
3. Ruddy (reddish) complexion
4. Hypotension - Correct answer-3. Ruddy (reddish) complexion -- Symptoms of
polycythemia vera occur as a result of increased blood volume and viscosity.
Symptoms from an increase in blood volume include headache, dizziness, tinnitus,
fatigue, paresthesias, and blurred vision. Symptoms related to blood viscosity may
include angina, claudication, dyspnea, thrombophlebitis and an elevated BP
Other info:
1. Jaundice - polycythemia vera is a condition where the body makes extra red
blood cells which causes hyperviscosity (thickening) of the blood. The blood can
form clots more easily which can cause occlusions in the veins and arteries putting
the client at risk for a heart attack or stroke. Polycythemia vera does not cause
jaundice
2. The client's hematocrit will be elevated (over 55%) because of the
overproduction of RBC. The client's superficial veins may also be distended
3. CORRECT
4. HTN occurs due to increased viscosity of the blood
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