POS 2041 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
public policy - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Choice that government makes in response to a political issue. A
policy is a course of action taken with regard to some problem
egalitarianism - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Trend of thought that favors equality for all people
government - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The institutions and processes through which public policies are
made for a society
political culture - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅An overall set of value widely shared within a society
Articles of Confederation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅It was the first document to govern the United States,
ratified in 1781. It created a confederation among the 13 states and former colonies. Congress had few
powers; there was no president or national court system. All government power rested in the states.
US Constitution - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The document written in 1787 and ratified in 1788 that sets
forth the institutional structure of US government and the tasks these institutions perform. It replaced
the Articles of Confederation.
consent of the governed - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The idea that government derives its authority by
sanction of the people
Madison's source of factions - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Madison feared factions of the majority and the
minority because either could take control of the government and use it to their own advantage
cooperative federalism - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A system of government in which powers and policy
assignments are shared between states and the national government.
dual federalism - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A system of government in which both the states and the
national government remain supreme within their own spheres, each responsible for some policies.
, fiscal federalism - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The pattern of spending, taxing,and providing grants in the
federal system; it is the cornerstone of the national government's relations with state and local
governments
enumerated powers - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Powers of the federal government that are specifically
addressed in the Constitution, including, for Congress, the powers in Article I, Section 8, for example, to
coin money, regulate its value, and impose taxes.
First Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Freedom of speech, press, and assembly. Freedom to petition
government. No government establishment of religion. Freedom to exercise religion.
Second Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Right to bear arms.
Third Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅No forced quartering of troops in homes during peacetime.
Fourth Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅No unreasonable searches and seizures.
Fifth Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Grand jury indictment required for prosecution of serious
crime. No second prosecution for the same offense. No compulsion to testify against oneself.
Sixth Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅No loss of life, liberty, or property without due process of
law.
Seventh Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Right to jury trial in civil suit where the value of
controversy exceeds $20.
Eight Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅No excessive bail or fines. No cruel and unusual
punishments.
Ninth Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Unlisted rights are not necessarily denied.
public policy - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Choice that government makes in response to a political issue. A
policy is a course of action taken with regard to some problem
egalitarianism - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Trend of thought that favors equality for all people
government - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The institutions and processes through which public policies are
made for a society
political culture - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅An overall set of value widely shared within a society
Articles of Confederation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅It was the first document to govern the United States,
ratified in 1781. It created a confederation among the 13 states and former colonies. Congress had few
powers; there was no president or national court system. All government power rested in the states.
US Constitution - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The document written in 1787 and ratified in 1788 that sets
forth the institutional structure of US government and the tasks these institutions perform. It replaced
the Articles of Confederation.
consent of the governed - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The idea that government derives its authority by
sanction of the people
Madison's source of factions - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Madison feared factions of the majority and the
minority because either could take control of the government and use it to their own advantage
cooperative federalism - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A system of government in which powers and policy
assignments are shared between states and the national government.
dual federalism - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A system of government in which both the states and the
national government remain supreme within their own spheres, each responsible for some policies.
, fiscal federalism - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The pattern of spending, taxing,and providing grants in the
federal system; it is the cornerstone of the national government's relations with state and local
governments
enumerated powers - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Powers of the federal government that are specifically
addressed in the Constitution, including, for Congress, the powers in Article I, Section 8, for example, to
coin money, regulate its value, and impose taxes.
First Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Freedom of speech, press, and assembly. Freedom to petition
government. No government establishment of religion. Freedom to exercise religion.
Second Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Right to bear arms.
Third Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅No forced quartering of troops in homes during peacetime.
Fourth Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅No unreasonable searches and seizures.
Fifth Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Grand jury indictment required for prosecution of serious
crime. No second prosecution for the same offense. No compulsion to testify against oneself.
Sixth Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅No loss of life, liberty, or property without due process of
law.
Seventh Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Right to jury trial in civil suit where the value of
controversy exceeds $20.
Eight Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅No excessive bail or fines. No cruel and unusual
punishments.
Ninth Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Unlisted rights are not necessarily denied.
