Test Bank For Timby's Fundamental Nursing Skills and Concepts Thirteenth Edition by Loretta A Donnelly-Moreno A+ 2026

Test Bank For Timby's Fundamental Nursing Skills and Concepts Thirteenth Edition by Loretta A Donnelly-Moreno 1. A client reports to the emergency department with ankle pain due to a minor road accident. By asking the client to describe the accident, which type of nursing skill is the nurse using? A. assessment skills B. comforting skills C. counseling skills D. caring skills Answer: A Rationale: By asking the client to describe the accident, the nurse is using assessment skills to collect more information about the client's condition. The nurse is interviewing the client to collect related data. The nurse is not using comforting skills, as the nurse is not providing any emotional support. The counseling skills of the nurse are also not used, as no health education is provided. Caring skills include assistance provided with the activities of daily living, which is not applicable in this scenario. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations Cognitive Level: Understand Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 15 2. One of the nursing achievements in the Crimean War was that the death rate of soldiers dropped from 60% to 1%. What is the most appropriate reason for the fall in the death rate? A. increased motivation among the soldiers B. decreased rate of infection and gangrene C. increased funds courtesy of donations from families D. college-based education and training of nurses Answer: B Rationale: During the Crimean War, the death rate of British soldiers was 60%, which dropped to 1% due to the nursing care provided. The nurses improved the ventilation, nutritional, and sanitary conditions of the soldiers, leading to decreased rates of infection and gangrene. As a result, the death rate dropped. The families and the soldiers donated funds after the war, not during the war, through which an organized education and training facility for nurses was started. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations Cognitive Level: Remember Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 3 3. A nurse at a health care facility provides information, assistance, and encouragement to clients during the various phases of nursing care. In which activity does the nurse use counseling skills? A. educating a group of young girls about AIDS B. telling a client to localize the pain in his abdomen C. encouraging a client to walk without support D. assisting a lactating mother in feeding her child Answer: A Rationale: The activity of educating a group of young girls about AIDS is based on the nurse using counseling skills. Telling a client to localize his pain is an assessment skill. Encouraging a client to walk without support can be both a comforting skill and a caring skill. Assisting a lactating mother in feeding her baby is an example of a caring skill. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations Cognitive Level: Understand Client Needs Pn: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Client Needs Pn: Health Promotion and Maintenance Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning Reference: p. 15 4. A nurse is conducting an interview of a 40-year-old client who is admitted with chest pain. Which action by the nurse indicates active listening? A. listening to the client silently B. interrupting after each sentence C. asking for clarifications and repetitions D. talking about the nurse's own experience Answer: C Rationale: Active listening is an important component of counseling skills. It encourages the client to open up and express their concerns. The nurse may ask the client to repeat and clarify statements. Interrupting after every sentence may annoy the client. When the nurse listens to the client silently, the client may feel that the nurse is not interested. On the other hand, if the nurse talks about the nurse's own experience, the focus of the session shifts to the nurse rather than to the client. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity Integrated Process: Caring Reference: p. 15 5. A student wants to attend a nursing program that prepares its graduates for both staff and managerial positions. Which type of nursing program should the nurse suggest for this student? A. hospital-based diploma B. baccalaureate nursing program C. associate degree program D. continuing nursing program Answer: B Rationale: Baccalaureate-prepared nurses have the greatest potential for qualifying for nursing positions at both staff and managerial levels. Hospital-based diploma programs are 3- year courses and provide maximum exposure to clinical nursing. Students becoming nurses through the associate degree program would not be expected to work in a management position. Continuing nursing programs are on-the-job educational programs. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations Cognitive Level: Remember Client Needs Pn: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning Reference: p. 11 6. A client is brought to the emergency department with a head injury following an all-terrain vehicle (ATV) accident. The nurse asks the family members to describe how the accident occurred. The nurse is implementing which type of skill? A. assessment skills B. caring skills C. counseling skills D. comforting skills Answer: A Rationale: The immediate requirement when a client is brought to the emergency department with a head injury is to assess the injury and the system affected, as well as a description of how the accident occurred. This requires implementation of assessment skills. Subsequently, the nurse can implement caring skills, counseling skills, and comforting skills; however, assessment should be the priority. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations Cognitive Level: Understand Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 15 7. Training schools for nurses were established in the United States after the Civil War. The standards of U.S. schools deviated from those of the Nightingale paradigm. Which statement is true about U.S. training schools? A. Training schools were affiliated with a few select hospitals. B. Training of nurses provided no financial advantages to the hospital. C. Training was formal, based on nursing care. D. Training schools eliminated the need to pay employees. Answer: D Rationale: Training schools in the United States profited by eliminating the need to pay employees because students worked without pay in return for training, which usually consisted of chores. U.S. training schools were established by any hospital; there was no formal training. Training was an outcome of work, which eliminated the need to pay employees. Nightingale training schools were affiliated with a few select hospitals, training of nurses provided no financial advantages to the hospital, and the training was formal, based on nursing care. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations Cognitive Level: Remember Client Needs Pn: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning Reference: p. 5 8. In a nursing unit, the RN delegates nursing tasks to the LPN. Keeping in mind the delegation guidelines, which statement denotes the right task for the LPN? A. Make beds with the help of unlicensed assistive personnel. B. Assist clients with nasogastric tube feeds. C. Take orders from an in-house physician. D. Assess the client's needs and start an intravenous line. Answer: B Rationale: Assisting clients with nasogastric tube feeding is an appropriate task for an LPN, as it does not require independent decisions and sophisticated techniques. According to the delegation guidelines, "right task" means that the task should be assigned according to the competency of the caregiver. LPNs may not be authorized to make independent decisions, like starting an IV line, for the client. Bed making is a very basic task and may not be appropriate for an LPN if the UAP is already present. When the RN and LPN are present, the RN takes the physician's orders. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 8 9. A 50-year-old client reports to a primary care unit with an open wound due to a fall in the bathroom. Which nursing actions represent caring skills? A. The nurse cleans the wound and applies a dressing to it. B. The nurse inspects and examines the wound for swelling. C. The nurse tells the client to take care while on slippery surfaces. D. The nurse informs the client that the wound is small and will heal easily. Answer: A Rationale: The nursing action of cleaning the wound and applying a dressing indicates caring skills. Caring skills involve nursing interventions that restore or maintain a person's health. The nurse implements assessment skills while inspecting and examining the wound. The nurse counsels the client to take care when walking on slippery surfaces. By informing the client about the wound's condition, the nurse uses comforting skills. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations Cognitive Level: Understand Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort Integrated Process: Caring Reference: p. 15 10. The scope and character of nursing practice underwent significant changes in the years following the Civil War. Which activity exemplifies nursing practice in the early years of the 20th century? A. providing basic health care to recent immigrants to the United States B. contributing to the scientific knowledge base of nursing by conducting research C. participating in collaborative practice with physicians D. establishing school nursing as a recognized specialty in urban settings Answer: A Rationale: In the early 20th century, some nurses moved into communities and established "settlement houses" where they lived and worked among poor immigrants. This period of history was not characterized by collaboration between physicians and nurses due to the subservient view of nursing that prevailed. Research and school nursing were not major focuses at this time. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations Cognitive Level: Understand Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning Reference: p. 4 11. A nursing student has begun a clinical placement at a large hospital that serves a diverse population. The student has consequently acquired a new appreciation for the fact that nursing combines art with science. What is the clearest manifestation of the scientific basis for nursing? A. mentoring students and junior nurses B. providing evidence-based nursing care C. maintaining an attitude of curiosity D. participating in continuing educational activities Answer: B Rationale: By developing an accumulating body of unique scientific knowledge, it is now possible to predict which nursing interventions are most likely to produce desired outcomes, a process referred to as evidence-based practice (EBP). EBP is possible because of the scientific basis that underlies nursing. Mentoring, maintaining curiosity, and participating in continuing education are beneficial, but these are not direct manifestations of the scientific basis for nursing. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations Cognitive Level: Understand Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning Reference: p. 6 12. Beginning with Florence Nightingale, many definitions of nursing have been put forth by individual nurses and by nursing organizations. Which statement best describes an aspect of the changes in these definitions over time? A. drawing a clear distinction between the art of nursing and science of nursing B. definitions of nursing that have become narrower in scope over time C. characterization of nursing as a discipline that is a distinct alternative to medical treatment D. definition of an independent health care practice that is not solely dependent on physicians Answer: D Rationale: The most recent definitions of nursing specify that nursing has an independent area of practice in addition to traditional dependent and interdependent functions involving physicians. This does not mean, however, that nursing is an alternative to medical treatment. Definitions have become broader over time and address the fact that nursing combines art with science. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations Cognitive Level: Remember Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning Reference: p. 6 13. A team of nurses who provide care in a community hospital have been encouraged to participate in continuing educational activities. Why is continuing education needed in nursing? A. Continuing education helps to delineate the distinctions between nurses and physicians. B. Continuing education increases the public visibility of individual nurses and the nursing profession. C. Continuing education has the potential to partially alleviate the nursing shortage. D. Continuing education allows for safer division of labor on hospital units and more effective delegation of tasks. Answer: C Rationale: Health care officials hope that enrollment in all nursing programs and continuing education will reduce the current and projected critical shortage of nurses. Continuing education is not driven by a desire to increase the visibility of nursing, to draw distinctions between nursing and medicine, or to facilitate the division of labor. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations Cognitive Level: Remember Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning Reference: p. 11 14. A nurse has completed a hospital-based educational program that has allowed the nurse to become cross-trained. A nurse who is cross-trained is able to: A. perform certain nonnursing duties in addition to traditional nursing duties. B. adopt a work schedule that deviates from the normal shift rotation at the hospital. C. orientate new graduates and nursing students to the hospital. D. retire with full benefits at an earlier date than a nurse who is not cross-trained. Answer: A Rationale: A nurse who is cross-trained is able to assume nonnursing jobs, depending on the census or levels of client acuity on any given day. This does not necessarily guarantee changes to work scheduling or earlier retirement. Cross-training does not address the orientation of new employees or students. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations Cognitive Level: Understand Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning Reference: p. 12 15. A medical-surgical unit manager intends to have licensed practical nurses (LPNs) in the unit administer intravenous push (IVP) medications. What source would the manager contact to include this procedure in the LPNs' practice? A. American Nurses Association (ANA) B. state nurse practice act (NPA) C. facility policies and procedures committee D. National League of Nursing (NLN) Answer: B Rationale: Each state has its own NPA, which determines what the nurse is allowed to do in each particular state, providing constraints within which nurses practice. The NPA delineates scope of practice. Therefore, the manager would contact the NPA in this scenario. The other sources are not appropriate given the context of the scenario. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations Cognitive Level: Analyze Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Reference: p. 8 16. The nurse is caring for a client who cannot meet health needs independently. Which action made by the nurse depicts concern and attachment? A. telling the client, "I will be back in 15 minutes to change your dressing." B. asking the client, "How are you today? I am really worried about you." C. talking about diabetes and teaching the client how to do foot care D. organizing the work for the day and evaluating how the day went Answer: B Rationale: Concern and attachment are the result of a close relationship of one human being with another. Thus, asking the client how the client is feeling and expressing concern exemplifies caring. Stability and security, communication and teaching, and organization and evaluation are physical care themes that are part of nursing care. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Caring Reference: p. 15 17. A registered nurse (RN) is caring for four clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which task is most appropriate for the nurse to delegate to the licensed practical nurse (LPN)? A. administering bedside blood glucose testing B. administering blood products C. administering intravenous push medication D. administering chemotherapy Answer: A Rationale: The LPN, under the nurse practice act (NPA), is permitted to administer testing for bedside blood glucose. The nurse must recognize the scope of practice of the delegate, and remember that client needs and activities delegated must be matched to skill level. The RN would not delegate administration of blood products, intravenous push medication, or chemotherapy to the LPN, as these tasks are not covered under the LPN's NPA. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 8 18. A middle-aged nurse is concerned about a potential shortage of nurses when the baby boomer generation retires. What proactive intervention can the nurse take to address this anticipated deficit of nurses? A. develop a community program related to healthy nutrition and exercise B. recruit more nurses to the acute care facility C. encourage parents to immunize their children D. lobby to increase the retirement age Answer: A Rationale: The promotion of wellness is important not only in community, but also in nationwide health. Promotion of healthy habits and nutrition/exercise will be able to decrease some of the risk factors leading to acute and chronic illnesses and will lead to a decrease in hospital admissions. If effective, it would contribute to the management of issues that require an increase in the number of nurses required. Nurses fill roles other than in acute care facilities and the recruitment of more nurses to those facilities does not address the issue of the shortage in other areas of nursing. Immunization of children does not affect the nursing shortage directly because there is not a relationship between the lack of immunization increasing the risk of illness to the present nurses employed in the field . Increasing the retirement age can have a detrimental affect on those nurses being required to work with agerelated changes affecting health. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning Reference: p. 8 19. The nurse is caring for a client at the end stage of life. The client is crying and states to the nurse, "I just cannot believe I am going to be leaving my children without a parent. I am not ready to go." What response by the nurse demonstrates the expression of empathy to the client? A. "This is so sad and I feel so bad that you are in this situation." B. "It sounds as though you are most concerned about how your children will feel." C. "I am so sorry that I am crying with you when you need my support the most." D. "This just is not fair at all and I do not understand why this is happening to you." Answer: B Rationale: The nurse is demonstrating empathy when reiterating what the client is saying. This helps the nurse become effective at providing for the client's emotional needs while maintaining detachment. The other responses indicate that the nurse is feeling sympathy for the client, which includes feeling as emotionally distraught as the client. While this may be an unavoidable response, it may not help the client move through the grieving process as effectively. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity Integrated Process: Caring Reference: p. 15 20. The nurse is delegating tasks to the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) prior to beginning the shift on the acute care unit. Which task would be appropriate to delegate to the UAP? A. starting an IV for a client with dehydration B. inserting a nasogastric tube for a client with a small bowel obstruction C. assisting an older adult client with using the bedside commode D. performing an assessment on a newly-admitted client Answer: C Rationale: When delegating tasks to UAPs, the nurse should perform the rights of delegation prior to delegating. Assisting the client with activities of daily living such as transfers, assisting with toileting, and feeding are some of the tasks that are able to be performed by the UAP. Inserting a nasogastric tube, starting an IV, and performing an assessment for a newlyadmitted client are tasks that the nurse must perform and are outside of the scope of practice for the UAP. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Reference: p. 15 1. A client with HIV has been admitted to a health care facility. Which nursing diagnosis should be the priority, keeping in mind the client's condition? A. Risk for Activity Intolerance B. Risk for Ineffective Coping C. Risk for Infection D. Risk for Imbalanced Nutrition Answer: C Rationale: Clients with HIV have decreased immunity and are prone to infections. Infection in a client with HIV is life-threatening, because it makes the client vulnerable to other infections, and also impairs their already weakened immune functions. Clients with HIV may not have problems with other activities and food. They may often feel depressed, but this is not the highest priority. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 2: Nursing Process Cognitive Level: Analyze Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 25 2. A client is being prepared for cardiac catheterization. The nurse performs an initial assessment and records the vital signs. Which data collected can be classified as subjective data? A. Blood pressure B. Nausea C. Heart rate D. Respiratory rate Answer: B Rationale: Subjective data are those that only the client can experience and describe. Nausea is subjective data, as it can only be described and not measured. Blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate are measurable factors and are therefore objective data. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 2: Nursing Process Cognitive Level: Understand Client Needs Pn: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 20 3. A client who has to undergo a parathyroidectomy is worried about possibly having to wear a scarf around the neck after surgery. What nursing diagnosis should the nurse document in the care plan? A. Risk for Impaired Physical Mobility due to surgery B. Ineffective Denial related to poor coping mechanisms C. Disturbed Body Image related to the incision scar D. Risk of Injury related to surgical outcomes Answer: C Rationale: The client is concerned about the surgery scar on the neck, which would disturb the client's body image; therefore, the appropriate diagnosis should be Disturbed Body Image related to the incision scar. Risk for Impaired Physical Mobility may be present after surgery, but is not related to the concerns expressed by the client. Likewise, Ineffective Denial related to poor coping mechanisms and Injury related to surgical outcomes are also not related to the client's concern. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 2: Nursing Process Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity Client Needs Pn: Psychosocial Integrity Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 25 4. A nurse is giving postoperative care to a client after knee arthroplasty. What is a possible short-term goal for this client? A. The client will ambulate with assistance by the nurse to a bedside chair. B. The client will return to performing activities of daily living. C. The client will walk 1 mile briskly five times per week. D. The client will not undergo repeat surgery. Answer: A Rationale: The short-term goal in this case is to help the client ambulate to the bedside chair. The other goals, like helping the client return to activities of daily living, to maintain a healthy and active lifestyle, and to prevent repeat surgery are long-term goals and may take weeks or months to achieve. On the other hand, short-term goals can be achieved in a day or a week. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 2: Nursing Process Cognitive Level: Analyze Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 25 5. A nurse, who is caring for a client admitted to the patient care unit with acute abdominal pain, formulates the care plan for the client. Which nursing diagnosis is the priority for this client? A. Impaired Comfort B. Disturbed Body Image C. Disturbed Sleep Pattern D. Activity Intolerance Answer: A Rationale: Acute pain in the abdomen disturbs all the systems of the body. Relieving the pain should be the nurse's first priority. According to Maslow, physiologic needs are the highest priority. The client may have Disturbed Body Image, Disturbed Sleep Pattern, or Activity Intolerance, but all these are secondary to pain. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 2: Nursing Process Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 25 6. A nurse is interviewing an asthmatic client who has a high respiratory rate and is having difficulty breathing. The client is consequently restless and can only speak a few words before pausing to catch a breath. What appropriate nursing diagnosis should the nurse document? A. Impaired Gas Exchange related to the disease condition B. Impaired Verbal Communication related to the breathing problem C. Inability to Speak due to ineffective airway clearance D. Impaired Physical Mobility related to tachypnea Answer: B Rationale: The client has a high respiratory rate and difficulty breathing; the client therefore has trouble communicating. Impaired Verbal Communication related to the breathing problem is the appropriate diagnosis. Although Impaired Gas Exchange may occur in an asthma attack, it does not relate to the concern regarding the client's ability to communicate nor would it be of primary concern in this case. There is no evidence that the client is experiencing Impaired Physical Mobility due to the condition. Inability to Speak due to ineffective airway clearance is not a properly structured nursing diagnosis (it should include "related to" rather than "due to") and is not accurate, in that the client is able to speak, although the speech is impaired. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 2: Nursing Process Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 25 7. A client is brought to the emergency department in an unconscious condition. The client's spouse hands over the previous medical files and points out that the client suddenly fell unconscious after trying to get out of bed. Which is a primary source of information in this case? A. The client's spouse B. The client's medical documents C. The client's test results D. The client's assessment data Answer: A Rationale: In this case, the primary source of information is the client's spouse, as the client, who is normally the primary source of information, is unconscious. The spouse can provide a detailed description of the incident as well as provide the medical history of the client. The client's medical files, test results, and assessment data are secondary sources of information. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 2: Nursing Process Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs Pn: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 20 8. A nurse is caring for a client with Parkinson's disease. Which nursing diagnosis identified by the nurse should be the priority? A. Impaired Physical Mobility B. Risk for Memory Loss C. Ineffective Role Performance D. Potential for Injury Answer: D Rationale: Clients with Parkinson's disease are at higher risk of injury due to their physical limitations and cognitive deficiencies. Therefore, it becomes important for the nurse to ensure that the environment is safe. The client may also have Impaired Physical Mobility, Risk for Memory Loss, and Ineffective Role Performance, but the highest priority is to prevent injury, as it may lead to other grave conditions. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 2: Nursing Process Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 25 9. Which action is a priority role of the nurse when caring for a client with collaborative problems? A. Assessing the client's understanding of risk factors B. Resolving health issues through independent nursing measures C. Reporting trends that suggest the development of complications D. Managing an emerging problem with the help of another registered nurse Answer: C Rationale: For a client with collaborative problems, the nurse should report trends that suggest the development of complications to bring to notice the need for collaborative intervention for the client. Collaborative problems are physiologic complications that require both nurse- and physician-prescribed interventions. Actions that exclude members of other disciplines are not characteristic of collaborative problem management. The development of complications is a priority over assessment of the client's knowledge of risk factors, even though the nurse must assess these. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 2: Nursing Process Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs Pn: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 24 10. A nurse is evaluating and revising a plan of care for a client with cardiac catheterization. Which action should the nurse perform before revising a plan of care? A. Discuss any lack of progress with the client. B. Collect information on abnormal functions. C. Identify the client's health-related problems. D. Select appropriate nursing interventions. Answer: A Rationale: The nurse should discuss any lack of progress with the client so that both the client and the nurse can speculate on what activities need to be discontinued, added, or changed. Collecting information on abnormal functions and risk factors is done during the assessment. Identification of the client's health-related problems is done during diagnosis. Nurses select appropriate nursing interventions and document the plan of care in the planning stage of the nursing process, not during evaluation. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 2: Nursing Process Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 28 11. Which action would the nurse perform in the assessment phase of the nursing process? A. Developing a plan to manage the client's health problems B. Coming up with a nursing diagnosis based on a potential health risk C. Asking the client whether the client has cultural preferences D. Determining whether the client's goals for wellness have been met Answer: C Rationale: Assessing the client involves gathering information about the client's physical and emotional health; cognition; spiritual, cultural, or religious preferences; and sociodemographics. Developing a plan to manage the client's health problems falls within the planning phase of the nursing process. Coming up with the nursing diagnosis falls within the diagnosing phase of the nursing process. Determining whether the client's goals for wellness have been met occurs in the evaluation phase of the nursing process. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 2: Nursing Process Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 20 12. The novice nurse demonstrates proper understanding of collaborative problems by making which statement? A. "A medical diagnosis of heart failure with the possible consequence of fluid in the lungs could lead to the collaborative problem of pulmonary edema." B. "The collaborative problem is the combination of the nursing diagnosis and the medical diagnosis, once it is approved by the physician." C. "A physiologic human need could possibly result in a collaborative nursing diagnosis of Impaired Swallowing." D. "The client has reached the goals, because treatment was implemented consistently, so nursing orders can be discontinued on the basis of collaborative problems." Answer: A Rationale: Physicians and nurses work together on collaborative problems. Understanding collaborative problems involves piecing together the medical diagnosis or medical treatment with the possible consequence. The combination of the nursing diagnosis and medical diagnosis does not equate to a collaborative problem. When discussing physiologic needs, this relates to the nursing diagnosis process. Describing client goals pertains to outcomes from evaluation. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 2: Nursing Process Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 24 13. A client is administered an anxiolytic. Which nursing action demonstrates the nurse evaluating the client? A. Asking whether the client feels less anxious 30 minutes after administering the medicine B. Assigning the client a new nursing diagnosis based on the client's controlled anxiety C. Devising a plan for the client to practice anti-anxiety exercises at home D. Collecting data about the client's history with anxiety Answer: A Rationale: Evaluation allows the nurse to determine whether the client has met the goal. By analyzing the client's response to the anxiolytic, the nurse determines the effectiveness of the nursing care. The other actions demonstrate other parts of the nursing process: assessment (collecting data about the client's history with anxiety), diagnosis (assigning the client a new nursing diagnosis based on the client's controlled anxiety), and planning (devising a plan for the client to practice anti-anxiety exercises at home). Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 2: Nursing Process Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 28 14. Which is an example of a subjective finding that the nurse would likely obtain when performing a review of systems (ROS)? A. A blood glucose level of 108 mg/dL B. A client report of shooting pain up the left leg C. Grip weakness in the right hand D. Crackles in bilateral lung bases Answer: B Rationale: Subjective data consists of information that the client can describe, also known as symptoms. Therefore, a client report of pain in the leg is an example of a subjective finding that the nurse would likely obtain when performing an ROS. A blood glucose level of 108 mg/dL, an observation of weakness in the right hand, and auscultation of crackles in bilateral lung bases are examples of objective data that the nurse or health care provider can observe and measure. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 2: Nursing Process Cognitive Level: Remember Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 20 15. The nurse is caring for a client who is suspected of having a kidney infection. Which scenario involves the use of subjective data from the primary source? A. The nurse tells the client to attempt to void. B. The client tells the nurse that there is a burning sensation when voiding. C. The physician prescribes medication to help the client void. D. The client's spouse reports the client experienced incontinence a few days ago. Answer: B Rationale: Subjective data consist of information that only the client can describe, such as feelings, sensations, or experiences. An example of subjective data is a client's report of pain or fatigue. Objective data are those that can be measured and observed by others, a fever or a broken bone. The primary source is the client. Secondary sources include family members, reports, test results, and other health care providers. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 2: Nursing Process Cognitive Level: Analyze Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 20 16. Which scenario represents a nurse demonstrating the critical thinking process? A. assessing whether physician help is needed B. assessing why a physician encounter form is missing from the record C. collaborating with the respiratory therapist and physical therapist to address a complication D. using power for more control and freedom over the daily tasks Answer: A Rationale: Critical thinking involves consistency, relevancy, and logical thinking. It enables the nurse to make decisions. Therefore, assessing whether physician help is needed is an example of the critical thinking process. The other actions support other nursing soft skills. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 2: Nursing Process Cognitive Level: Understand Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 19 17. Which statement made by the nurse indicates data that would be documented as part of an objective assessment? A. "The client's sister reports that the client has unrelieved pain." B. "The client's right leg is cold to the touch, from the knee to the foot." C. "The client reports nausea following eating." D. "The client reports having heartburn after breakfast." Answer: B Rationale: Objective data are information that is observable and measurable, such as observing that the client's right leg is cold to the touch. Subjective data relate to phenomena that only the client can experience, such as unrelieved pain, nausea, or heartburn. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 2: Nursing Process Cognitive Level: Understand Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 20 18. The client reports, "I have a few drinks with friends every week." Which nursing action exemplifies using a focused assessment in this case? A. Obtaining data regarding the amount and frequency of drinking B. Interviewing friends to ascertain the client's exercise habits C. Asking the client to discuss social functioning D. Performing an abdominal assessment Answer: A Rationale: A focused assessment is information that provides more details about specific problems and expands the original database. Obtaining data regarding the amount and frequency of drinking qualifies as a focused assessment. The other actions do not relate to the client's drinking habits or potential for alcohol overuse and thus would not be included in a focussed assessment of these issues. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 2: Nursing Process Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 20 19. A client is admitted to the mental health center after attempting suicide. Which client concern is the priority for the nurse to manage? A. Risk of self-harm B. Lack of support C. Low self-esteem D. Feelings of not belonging Answer: A Rationale: Safety and security are the priority for the client, so the risk of self-harm is what the nurse must address first. Lack of support, low self-esteem, and feelings of not belonging, although still important to address, are not as critical as safety and security. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 2: Nursing Process Cognitive Level: Analyze Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 25 20. A client is admitted to a psychiatric treatment unit with psychosis. What is the priority diagnosis for this client? A. Self-Care Deficit B. Disturbed Thought Processes C. Risk for Self-Harm D. Risk for Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements Answer: B Rationale: A client with psychosis is unable to recognize reality, their communication is impaired, and they cannot identify people. The client may also experience hallucinations and delusions. Therefore, Disturbed Thought Process is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for such a client. The client may be at risk for suicidal thoughts, have difficulty in dressing and grooming, and may not eat properly; however, the priority is the thought process because it is the main reason for all other symptoms. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 2: Nursing Process Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 25 21. The nurse is assisting with the creation of a plan of care for a client with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus. When creating the plan of care, what is the priority action for the nurse? A. involving the client with all the steps of the process in care development B. ensuring the client is informed after decisions are made with care delivery C. requiring the client to evaluate the plan of care after implementation D. implementing the standard plan of care for all clients with diabetes mellitus Answer: A Rationale: Because the plan of care should be client-centered, the client should be directly involved with all phases of the creation of the care plan. This will involve assessing the learning needs of the client as well as goal setting, implementation, and evaluation. The client should be involved and not just informed of decisions regarding care during the evaluation phase. The client may be involved with the evaluation but the nurse will assess to determine if the plan of care is effective and if the client's goals are being met. Standard plans of care do not address the needs of the individual and should be tailored to the individual client. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 2: Nursing Process Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs Pn: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 19 22. The home health nurse is performing an assessment related to the client's ability to manage activities of daily living in the home environment. Which assessment is the nurse performing? A. comprehensive assessment B. database assessment C. focused assessment D. functional assessment Answer: D Rationale: The nurse is performing a functional assessment that focuses on areas that relate to the physical performance of activities, such as how the client is able to meet activities of daily living, demonstration of cognitive abilities, and social functioning. A comprehensive assessment encompasses all of the assessment data for the client. The focused assessment relies on one area of funcitoning such as the respiratory system if a client is having an asthma attack. The database assessment is performed during the initial history and physical portion of the client's illness and represents a comprehensive and all inclusive initial collection of data. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 2: Nursing Process Cognitive Level: Understand Client Needs Pn: Health Promotion and Maintenance Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 20 1. A client who has undergone resection of the intestine is NPO with a nasogastric (NG) tube in place. A food tray with regular food comes to the room, and the client insists that the health care provider be called. The nurse insists that it is okay and encourages the client eat the food. The client complies and later develops complications that require another operation. Which action constitutes the primary breach of duty in this situation? A. The nurse did not call the health care provider when requested. B. The nurse did not realize the importance and purpose of the NG tube. C. The dietary department sent the wrong diet for the client. D. The nurse encouraged the client to eat. Answer: B Rationale: Negligence is defined as harm that occurs because the person did not act reasonably. Establishing liability for negligence requires four elements: duty, breach of duty, causation, and damages. In this case, the primary breach of duty is that the nurse did not realize that the client was on an NG tube and should consequently have been on liquid feeds after intestinal surgery; as a result, the client at the food and developed complications. The acts of not calling the physician and insisting the client have food are not the primary breach of duty, as they are logical based on the assumption that the client could take food by mouth. The dietary department sending the wrong food is unrelated to the nurse. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 3: Laws and Ethics Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 38 2. A client who is scheduled for hernioplasty needs clarification regarding the procedure. The nurse calls the physician at the client's insistence. The physician, who is in a bad mood, is overheard telling the client that the nurse does not know anything. Which legal tort has the physician committed? A. Libel B. Battery C. Assault D. Slander Answer: D Rationale: The physician has committed slander by defaming the nurse orally. Slander is a character attack uttered orally in the presence of others. Libel refers to damaging statements written and read by others. Assault is an act in which bodily harm is threatened or attempted. Battery is unauthorized physical contact, not applicable in this situation. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 3: Laws and Ethics Cognitive Level: Analyze Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Reference: p. 38 3. A nurse enters a client's room and finds that the client is lying on the floor. The nurse makes the client comfortable on the bed and completes an examination. She informs the physician and the nursing supervisor about this incident and also completes an incident report. Which action by the nurse indicates correct knowledge of handling an incident report? A. The nurse documents a complete description of the happenings in the client's records. B. The nurse makes a copy of the incident report and places it in the client's records. C. The nurse makes a copy of the incident report to give to the physician. D. The nurse mentions in the client's report that an incident report was completed. Answer: A Rationale: An incident report is a written account of an unusual, potentially injurious event involving a client, employee, or visitor. It is kept separate from the medical record. The incident report is a legal document and making a copy of it is not advisable. It should not be placed in the client's records; however, the nurse can mention the incident in the client's records without mentioning the incident report. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 3: Laws and Ethics Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Reference: p. 40 4. A nurse is caring for a client with multiple sclerosis. The client informs the nurse that a lawyer is coming to prepare a living will and requests the nurse to sign as witness. Which action should the nurse take? A. State that the physician will be a witness. B. Arrange for other colleagues to sign as a witness. C. Note that the nurse caring for the client cannot be a witness. D. Inform the physician about the living will. Answer: C Rationale: A living will is an instructive form of an advance directive. It is a written document that identifies a person's preferences regarding medical interventions to use in a terminal condition, irreversible coma, or persistent vegetative state with no hope of recovery. Employees of the health care facility cannot sign as witnesses; therefore, the nurse cannot sign as witness. Refusing a client may not be a good communication method; instead, the nurse could politely indicate her reason. Calling for a physician or asking another colleague to sign is an inappropriate action. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 3: Laws and Ethics Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Reference: p. 44 5. An HIV-positive client discovers that the client's name is published in a research report on HIV care prepared by the client's nurse. The client is hurt and files a lawsuit against the nurse. Which offense has the nurse committed? A. Unintentional tort B. Invasion of privacy C. Defamation of character D. Negligence of duty Answer: B Rationale: The nurse has committed the tort of invasion of privacy. Personal names and identities should be concealed or obliterated in case studies or research work. Invasion of privacy is a type of intentional tort. Defamation is an act in which untrue information harms a person's reputation and is therefore not applicable here. Negligence is the harm that results because a person did not act reasonably. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 3: Laws and Ethics Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs Pn: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Reference: p. 38 6. A nurse warns a client that he may fall off his bed during a seizure attack if he does not put on the side rails of the bed. Before leaving the client's room, the nurse puts on the side rails, but after the nurse has left, the client lowers them again. Later, the client has a fall from the bed and holds the nurse responsible for it. Which legal provision protects the nurse in this case? A. Good Samaritan law B. statute of limitations C. common law D. assumption of risk Answer: D Rationale: The nurse is protected by the provision of assumption of risk. If a client is forewarned of a potential safety hazard and chooses to ignore the warning, the court may hold the client responsible. It is essential that the nurse documents warning the client and that the client disregarded the warning. Good Samaritan laws provide legal immunity to passersby who provide emergency first aid to accident victims. The statute of limitations is the designated time within which a person can file a lawsuit. Common laws are decisions based on prior similar cases. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 3: Laws and Ethics Cognitive Level: Understand Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Reference: p. 40 7. A client informs the nurse that the client wants to discontinue treatment and go home. Later, the nurse finds the client dressed to leave. Which action should the nurse take in this situation? A. Let the client go after signing a document stating that the client is going against medical advice. B. Restrain the client until medical treatment is over. C. Call the physician and get the discharge paper signed. D. Warn the client that the client may not be able to access health care again. Answer: A Rationale: If a client wishes to go before the client's medical treatment is finished, the nurse should have the client sign a document indicating personal responsibility for leaving against medical advice. The nurse should not restrain the client, as it would make the nurse liable for legal action. The nurse may call the physician and get the discharge paper signed, but this is not appropriate. The nurse should not warn the client that the client will be denied health care in the future, because it is the client's right to access the health care facility whenever needed. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 3: Laws and Ethics Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs Pn: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Reference: p. 37 8. A client is admitted with symptoms of psychosis. The nurse hurries to the client's room on hearing the client calling for help. The nurse finds the client lying on the ground. The nurse assists the client back to the bed and performs a thorough assessment. The nurse informs the physician and completes the incident report. Which statement should the nurse document in the incident report? A. The client was trying to lower the side rails. B. The client was found lying on the floor. C. The client was trying to get out of the bed. D. The client was not aware that the client had fallen. Answer: B Rationale: An incident report is a written account of an unusual, potentially injurious event involving a client, employee, or visitor. All of the details given in the incident report should be accurate and not assumed. Accurate and detailed documentation helps to prove that the nurse acted reasonably or appropriately in the circumstance. The nurse should document that the client was found lying on the floor. The other statements are assumptions and should not be included in the incident report. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 3: Laws and Ethics Cognitive Level: Analyze Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Reference: p. 40 9. A nurse assesses a client with psychotic symptoms and determines that the client needs vest restraints. However, the client asks the nurse not to put on vest restraints. What would be the best nursing action? A. Contact the physician and obtain necessary orders. B. Restrain the client with vest restraints. C. Apply restraints after giving a sedative. D. Apply wrist restraints instead of vest restraints. Answer: A Rationale: If a nurse feels that a client needs to be restrained, the nurse should inform the physician and obtain necessary orders. The nurse should also discuss this with the client's family members and ask their opinion. The nurse should not sedate the client and then restrain him, as the nurse could be charged with battery if there is restraint without orders. Applying a wrist restraint instead of a vest restraint is like compromising with the client, which is unethical. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 3: Laws and Ethics Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control Client Needs Pn: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Reference: p. 37 10. A nurse is caring for a client who has undergone coronary angioplasty. The cardiac monitor is showing abnormal electrocardiogram waves, indicating atrial fibrillation. The nurse does not recognize the importance of the sign; as a result, the client's condition deteriorates and the client has to be taken up for an emergency procedure. Which describes the nurse's legal liability? A. Felony B. Defamation C. Tort D. Slander Answer: C Rationale: A tort is a cause of action in which one person asserts that a physical, emotional, or financial injury was a consequence of another person's actions or failure to act. A tort implies that one breached one's duty to another person. In this case, the nurse had a duty that was breached. A felony is a serious criminal offense, such as murder. Defamation is an act in which untrue information harms a person's reputation. Slander is a character attack uttered orally in the presence of others. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 3: Laws and Ethics Cognitive Level: Understand Client Needs Pn: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 38 11. A nurse, while off-duty, tells the physiotherapist that a client who was admitted to the nursing unit contracted AIDS at the age of 18. The client discovers that the nurse has revealed the information to the physiotherapist, and learns that the nurse wrongfully attributed the disease to the client's contact with sex workers. With what legal action could the nurse be charged? A. libel B. slander C. malpractice D. tort Answer: B Rationale: The nurse can be charged with slander, which is a character attack uttered orally in the presence of others. Libel includes damaging statements written and read by others. The description is also not appropriate for tort or malpractice. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 3: Laws and Ethics Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs Pn: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Reference: p. 38 12. A nurse is caring for a very weak client with multiple pregnancies. Which view would a teleologist have in such a situation? A. Support the procedure of selective abortion. B. Argue that destroying any fetus is wrong. C. Avoid telling the truth to the client. D. Avoid analyzing ethical dilemmas of a case. Answer: A Rationale: A teleologist would argue that selective abortion is ethical because it will ensure the full-term birth of those who remain. Teleologists analyze ethical dilemmas on a case-bycase basis. A deontologist would argue that destroying any fetus is wrong on moral grounds. Deontologists believe that lying is never acceptable because it violates the duty to tell the truth to those entitled to honest information. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 3: Laws and Ethics Cognitive Level: Understand Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Nursing Process Reference: p. 42 13. A nurse is applying for professional liability insurance. The nurse knows that professional liability insurance is important for which reason? A. to obtain sound compensation B. to be familiar with legal mechanisms C. to upgrade professional knowledge D. to obtain free medication for family Answer: B Rationale: The number of lawsuits involving nurses is increasing. It is to every nurse's advantage to obtain liability insurance and to become familiar with legal mechanisms, such as Good Samaritan laws and statutes of limitations that may prevent or relieve culpability and provide a sound legal defense. Professional liability insurance does not focus on enhancing the nurse's professional knowledge, does not offer free medication for family, or obtain sound compensation to a nurse. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 3: Laws and Ethics Cognitive Level: Remember Client Needs Pn: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Reference: p. 39 14. A home care nurse is caring for a paralyzed client who needs regular position changes and back massages. A man identifying himself as a family friend inquires if he can be of any help to the family. What should be the nurse's response? A. The nurse should ask the man to talk to the family directly. B. The nurse should invite the man to learn the caring techniques. C. The nurse should state that the family does not need any help. D. The nurse should refer the man to the local social worker. Answer: A Rationale: The nurse should ask the man to talk to the family directly. Revealing information about the client's care is a violation of the client's privacy. The nurse should not invite the man for a learning session because it would be a breach of the client's right to privacy. Referring him to a social worker is not an appropriate choice. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 3: Laws and Ethics Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Reference: p. 38 15. A nurse finds that a colleague is intoxicated while on duty. What appropriate action should the nurse take? A. Inform the nursing supervisor. B. Tell the colleague to take a 30-minute break. C. Inform the physician. D. Watch the colleague closely during the shift. Answer: A Rationale: When a colleague is intoxicated while on duty, the nurse should immediately inform the nursing supervisor, who may take necessary action. It would be an irresponsible action if the nurse tells the colleague to take a rest. Likewise, informing a physician is not the appropriate response. The nurse should not ignore the incident and simply observe the colleague because client care may be affected. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 3: Laws and Ethics Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Reference: p. 46 16. A client with a bone infection had a central venous catheter ordered for the long-term administration of antibiotics. The intravenous line was inserted at the bedside by a qualified nurse, but the nurse was observed to make a serious lapse in aseptic technique and the client developed sepsis. What type of law most directly addresses this situation? A. criminal law B. civil law C. common law D. statutory law Answer: B Rationale: This nurse has committed a breach of duty, which is an offense under civil law. It is unlikely that this constitutes a criminal offense. Statutory law and common law do not address such events that involve an act between two individuals. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 3: Laws and Ethics Cognitive Level: Understand Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Reference: p. 35 17. After several years of providing bedside care in an inpatient setting, a nurse has taken a position with the state board of nursing. In this role, the nurse may contribute to which activities of a state board of nursing? A. issuing and transferring nursing licenses within the state B. providing consultation on ethically challenging clinical situations C. promoting the visibility of the nursing profession within the state D. allocating financial resources within clinics and hospitals in the state Answer: A Rationale: State boards