POLI 1090 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS
WITH 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS
Bill of Rights - Answer-Amended into the constitution by the Anti-Federalists as a way to
protect civil rights.
Federalist 49 - Answer-Written by James Madison, acts as the case for seldomly
amending the constitution. Warns people about the dangers of amending the
constitution too many times.
Unitary systems - Answer-Centralized government subject to a single governing
authority. Easy for factions to take over leading to tyranny.
Confederation - Answer-A loose body of multiple sovereign states.
Federalism - Answer-A form of government that provides a double security for securing
the rights of the people. Distribution of power between state and federal governments.
Enumerated powers - Answer-Powers explicitly given to the federal government like
taxing.
Implied powers - Answer-Powers that congress has that are not stated explicitly in the
constitution.
Concurrent powers - Answer-Powers held by the federal and the state governments.
Reserved Powers - Answer-Powers given to the state government alone.
Full Faith and Credit Clause - Answer-Constitution's requirement that each state accept
the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state.
Privileges and Immunities Clause - Answer-All people are to be treated the same
regardless of what state they travel to.
Extradition clause - Answer-An accused person who flees to another state must be
returned to the state in which he/she allegedly committed the crime.
Dual Federalism - Answer-The first example of Federalism that was used in the 19th
century. Saw 2 levels of the federal system as sovereign and had 2 competing opinions
(federally versus state centered).
, Cooperative Federalism - Answer-Federalism used in the mid 20th century. This was
the idea that the different levels of government share responsibilities in virtually any and
all realms. This eventually eroded due to the increasing federal power being rooted in
money. An example of this was FDR's New Deal program where federal spending shot
up and state spending shot down.
Fiscal Federalism - Answer-Federalism used in the later half of the 20th century. This
was the idea that the federal government can efficiently distribute income and allocate
resources - often with conditions - in order to pursue the central government's vision of
public good. Also referred to as coercive federalism.
Categorical grants - Answer-Federal grants that can be used only for specific purposes,
or "categories," of state and local spending. They come with strings attached.
Block grants - Answer-Money from the national government that states can spend within
broad guidelines.
New Federalism - Answer-A form of federalism explored in the 70's and the 80's. The
idea was to enhance the discretion of states and localities regarding the use of federal
funding + to reduce the scope of federal spending and funding. This would return some
power to the states.
Federalism today - Answer-Federal authority and spending increased under Obama
because of stimulus and Medicaid. The Trump administration is working on reigning in
federal spending that skyrocketed under Biden. Partisan conflict prevails instead of
state conflict.
Deference - Answer-Act of delegating decision making to the states
Displacement - Answer-Act of taking away states' ability to act
Interdependence - Answer-Collaboration between states and the federal government
Policy polarization - Answer-The idea that the ideological midpoint of the parties no
longer overlaps as there is very little agreement among party elites
Virtue - Answer-Suppressing one's vain and personal desires
Plato's beliefs on government - Answer-"To ensure justice, people should be ruled by a
philosopher king"
Aristotle's beliefs on government - Answer-"A democracy leads to tyranny over the
minority, the ideal government is based on class representation"
WITH 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS
Bill of Rights - Answer-Amended into the constitution by the Anti-Federalists as a way to
protect civil rights.
Federalist 49 - Answer-Written by James Madison, acts as the case for seldomly
amending the constitution. Warns people about the dangers of amending the
constitution too many times.
Unitary systems - Answer-Centralized government subject to a single governing
authority. Easy for factions to take over leading to tyranny.
Confederation - Answer-A loose body of multiple sovereign states.
Federalism - Answer-A form of government that provides a double security for securing
the rights of the people. Distribution of power between state and federal governments.
Enumerated powers - Answer-Powers explicitly given to the federal government like
taxing.
Implied powers - Answer-Powers that congress has that are not stated explicitly in the
constitution.
Concurrent powers - Answer-Powers held by the federal and the state governments.
Reserved Powers - Answer-Powers given to the state government alone.
Full Faith and Credit Clause - Answer-Constitution's requirement that each state accept
the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state.
Privileges and Immunities Clause - Answer-All people are to be treated the same
regardless of what state they travel to.
Extradition clause - Answer-An accused person who flees to another state must be
returned to the state in which he/she allegedly committed the crime.
Dual Federalism - Answer-The first example of Federalism that was used in the 19th
century. Saw 2 levels of the federal system as sovereign and had 2 competing opinions
(federally versus state centered).
, Cooperative Federalism - Answer-Federalism used in the mid 20th century. This was
the idea that the different levels of government share responsibilities in virtually any and
all realms. This eventually eroded due to the increasing federal power being rooted in
money. An example of this was FDR's New Deal program where federal spending shot
up and state spending shot down.
Fiscal Federalism - Answer-Federalism used in the later half of the 20th century. This
was the idea that the federal government can efficiently distribute income and allocate
resources - often with conditions - in order to pursue the central government's vision of
public good. Also referred to as coercive federalism.
Categorical grants - Answer-Federal grants that can be used only for specific purposes,
or "categories," of state and local spending. They come with strings attached.
Block grants - Answer-Money from the national government that states can spend within
broad guidelines.
New Federalism - Answer-A form of federalism explored in the 70's and the 80's. The
idea was to enhance the discretion of states and localities regarding the use of federal
funding + to reduce the scope of federal spending and funding. This would return some
power to the states.
Federalism today - Answer-Federal authority and spending increased under Obama
because of stimulus and Medicaid. The Trump administration is working on reigning in
federal spending that skyrocketed under Biden. Partisan conflict prevails instead of
state conflict.
Deference - Answer-Act of delegating decision making to the states
Displacement - Answer-Act of taking away states' ability to act
Interdependence - Answer-Collaboration between states and the federal government
Policy polarization - Answer-The idea that the ideological midpoint of the parties no
longer overlaps as there is very little agreement among party elites
Virtue - Answer-Suppressing one's vain and personal desires
Plato's beliefs on government - Answer-"To ensure justice, people should be ruled by a
philosopher king"
Aristotle's beliefs on government - Answer-"A democracy leads to tyranny over the
minority, the ideal government is based on class representation"
