aPHR Certification Exam Study Guide | HR Laws,
Compliance & Employment Regulations
The Clayton Act (1914)
Modified the Sherman Anti-Trust act by prohibiting mergers and acquisitions that would lessen
competition. Also prohibits a single person from being a director of two or more competing
corporations. Restricts injunctions against labor and legalized peaceful strikes, picketing, and
boycotts.
The Consumer Credit Protection Act (1968)
Congress expressed limits to the amount of wages that can be garnished in any one week by an
employer. Prohibits employees from being fired because of garnishment.
The Copeland "Anti-Kickback" Act (1934)
Precludes a federal contractor or subcontractor from inducing an employee to give up any part
of their wages to the employer to have a job.
The Copyright Act (1976)
Offers protection of "original works" for authors so others may not print, distribute, or sell their
work.
The Davis-Bacon Act (1931)
Requires contractors and subcontractors on certain federally funded or assisted construction
projects of more than $2,000 to pay wages and benefits equal to those in the local area. Applies
only to laborers and mechanics.
The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (2010)
Offers a wide range of mandates affecting federal financial regulatory agencies and the nation's
financial services industry. Nonbinding vote for shareholders on executive compensation,
golden parachutes, return of executive compensation based on inaccurate financial statements.
The Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act (2001)
Modifications to the Internal Revenue Code that adjust pensions vesting schedules, increasing
retirement plan limits, permitting pretax catch-up contributions, modifying distribution and
rollover rules.
The Electronic Communications Privacy Act (1986)
, A law composed of two pieces of legislation, the wiretap act and the stored communications
act. Provide rules for access, use, disclosure, interpretation, and privacy protections of
electronic communications, and they provide the possibility of both civil and criminal penalties
for violations. Prohibits interception of e-mails in transmission and access to e-mails in storage.
The Employee Polygraph Protection Act (1998)
Prohibited the use of lie detector tests for job applications and employees of companies
engaged in interstate commerce. Exceptions for law enforcement and national security.
The Employee Retirement Income Security Act (1974)
Governs how pension plans are managed once they have been established. Establishes uniform
minimum standards to ensure that employee benefit plans are established and maintained in a
fair and financially sound manner. Protects employees covered by a pension plan from losses in
benefits due to job changes, plant closings, bankruptcies, or mismanagement.
Human Resource Operations
Services provided by an HR Department to the organization's operations.
HR Generalist
Responsible for day to day management of HR operations. They manage the administration of
the orgs policies, procedures, and programs.
Transformational HR
Delivering strategy and change
Transactional HR
Dealing with a wide range of administrative and operational tasks in support of the org.
Three Major Legal Compliance Domains
Equal Opportunity
Affirmative Action
Sexual Harassment
Hiring
Screening the best job candidates and making a formal job offer to the best candidate.
Employment
An agreement between an employer and an employee that the employee will provide certain
services on the job.
Compliance & Employment Regulations
The Clayton Act (1914)
Modified the Sherman Anti-Trust act by prohibiting mergers and acquisitions that would lessen
competition. Also prohibits a single person from being a director of two or more competing
corporations. Restricts injunctions against labor and legalized peaceful strikes, picketing, and
boycotts.
The Consumer Credit Protection Act (1968)
Congress expressed limits to the amount of wages that can be garnished in any one week by an
employer. Prohibits employees from being fired because of garnishment.
The Copeland "Anti-Kickback" Act (1934)
Precludes a federal contractor or subcontractor from inducing an employee to give up any part
of their wages to the employer to have a job.
The Copyright Act (1976)
Offers protection of "original works" for authors so others may not print, distribute, or sell their
work.
The Davis-Bacon Act (1931)
Requires contractors and subcontractors on certain federally funded or assisted construction
projects of more than $2,000 to pay wages and benefits equal to those in the local area. Applies
only to laborers and mechanics.
The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (2010)
Offers a wide range of mandates affecting federal financial regulatory agencies and the nation's
financial services industry. Nonbinding vote for shareholders on executive compensation,
golden parachutes, return of executive compensation based on inaccurate financial statements.
The Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act (2001)
Modifications to the Internal Revenue Code that adjust pensions vesting schedules, increasing
retirement plan limits, permitting pretax catch-up contributions, modifying distribution and
rollover rules.
The Electronic Communications Privacy Act (1986)
, A law composed of two pieces of legislation, the wiretap act and the stored communications
act. Provide rules for access, use, disclosure, interpretation, and privacy protections of
electronic communications, and they provide the possibility of both civil and criminal penalties
for violations. Prohibits interception of e-mails in transmission and access to e-mails in storage.
The Employee Polygraph Protection Act (1998)
Prohibited the use of lie detector tests for job applications and employees of companies
engaged in interstate commerce. Exceptions for law enforcement and national security.
The Employee Retirement Income Security Act (1974)
Governs how pension plans are managed once they have been established. Establishes uniform
minimum standards to ensure that employee benefit plans are established and maintained in a
fair and financially sound manner. Protects employees covered by a pension plan from losses in
benefits due to job changes, plant closings, bankruptcies, or mismanagement.
Human Resource Operations
Services provided by an HR Department to the organization's operations.
HR Generalist
Responsible for day to day management of HR operations. They manage the administration of
the orgs policies, procedures, and programs.
Transformational HR
Delivering strategy and change
Transactional HR
Dealing with a wide range of administrative and operational tasks in support of the org.
Three Major Legal Compliance Domains
Equal Opportunity
Affirmative Action
Sexual Harassment
Hiring
Screening the best job candidates and making a formal job offer to the best candidate.
Employment
An agreement between an employer and an employee that the employee will provide certain
services on the job.
