CDGR DCF COMPETENCY EXAM
REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development - ANSWER -1. Infant: Trust vs
Mistrust
2. Toddler: Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt
3. Preschool: Initiative vs Guilt
4. Grade School: Industry vs Inferiority
5. High School: Identify vs Role Confusion
6. Early Adult: Intimacy vs Isolation
7. Middle Adult: Generativity vs Stagnation
8. Late Adult: Integrity vs Despair
Jean Piaget's four stages of cognitive development - ANSWER -1. (sensorimotor)
sensory perception and motor activities (0-2),
2. (preoperational) children begin to use symbols (2-7),
3. (concrete operational) become more rational in thinking (7-12)
4. (formal operational) children think beyond the present and about ideal situations (12-
adulthood)
Lev Vygotsky - ANSWER -•as the child learns the responsibility is gradually transferred
to him/her (scaffolding)
•child can perform task under adult guidance or peer collaboration that they could do on
their own, where learning occurs (Zone of proximal development)
Vygotsky Process - ANSWER -1.generate question for understanding
2. clarifying they understand
3. stoping to predict what they think will happen in the learning material
4. summarizing what they have learned
Maria Montessori - ANSWER -children should be able to work independently in a clean
beautiful organization environment
Growth - ANSWER -•specific body changes and increases in the child's size
•proceeds from head downward and center of body outwards.
Development - ANSWER -•Increase in complexity
•a change from relatively simple to more complicated
Principle One of Development - ANSWER -DEVELOPMENTAL SEQUENCE IS
SIMILAR FOR ALL.
REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development - ANSWER -1. Infant: Trust vs
Mistrust
2. Toddler: Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt
3. Preschool: Initiative vs Guilt
4. Grade School: Industry vs Inferiority
5. High School: Identify vs Role Confusion
6. Early Adult: Intimacy vs Isolation
7. Middle Adult: Generativity vs Stagnation
8. Late Adult: Integrity vs Despair
Jean Piaget's four stages of cognitive development - ANSWER -1. (sensorimotor)
sensory perception and motor activities (0-2),
2. (preoperational) children begin to use symbols (2-7),
3. (concrete operational) become more rational in thinking (7-12)
4. (formal operational) children think beyond the present and about ideal situations (12-
adulthood)
Lev Vygotsky - ANSWER -•as the child learns the responsibility is gradually transferred
to him/her (scaffolding)
•child can perform task under adult guidance or peer collaboration that they could do on
their own, where learning occurs (Zone of proximal development)
Vygotsky Process - ANSWER -1.generate question for understanding
2. clarifying they understand
3. stoping to predict what they think will happen in the learning material
4. summarizing what they have learned
Maria Montessori - ANSWER -children should be able to work independently in a clean
beautiful organization environment
Growth - ANSWER -•specific body changes and increases in the child's size
•proceeds from head downward and center of body outwards.
Development - ANSWER -•Increase in complexity
•a change from relatively simple to more complicated
Principle One of Development - ANSWER -DEVELOPMENTAL SEQUENCE IS
SIMILAR FOR ALL.
