(CGDR) CHILD GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENT EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
autism spectrum disorder - ANSWER -a group of brain based neurological disorder
characterized by social impairments, communication difficulties, and restricted and repetitive
patterns of behavior
Down Syndrome - ANSWER -a genetic disorder that results in a number of physical
characteristics and intellectual impairments
Prevention - ANSWER -to stop challenging behaviors before they begin
Redirection - ANSWER -guiding a child to a new activity or area--used to guide children's
behavior by recognizing challenging behavior at its earliest stages and taking steps to stop it
from escalating
Positive Reinforcement - ANSWER -desired behaviors are rewarded so that the child is
encouraged to repeat them
Theory - ANSWER -a set of facts or principles analyzed in relation to one another and used to
explain phenomena (a fact or behavior that can be observed)
Abraham Maslow - ANSWER -Hierarchy of Needs--most basic needs must be fulfilled before
other areas can be fulfilled
Erik Erikson - ANSWER -8 Conflicts in Emotional Development
(ERIKSON has 8 letters, E stands for emotional = the emotional 8)
Jean Piaget - ANSWER -4 Stages of Cognitive Development: caregiver sets up the
environment, and children learn through play
Sensorimotor - ANSWER -sensory perception
0-2 years
Children learn through sensory perception and motor activity.
PreOperational - ANSWER -thinking is based on how things are perceived rather than logic
2-7 years
Children begin to use symbols (e.g., using sand to make a cake).
Concrete Operational - ANSWER -7-11 years
Children become more rational in their thinking (e.g., realize Santa isn't real).
Formal Operations - ANSWER -thinking becomes abstract
11+
Children think beyond the present and about ideal situations.
DEVELOPMENT EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
autism spectrum disorder - ANSWER -a group of brain based neurological disorder
characterized by social impairments, communication difficulties, and restricted and repetitive
patterns of behavior
Down Syndrome - ANSWER -a genetic disorder that results in a number of physical
characteristics and intellectual impairments
Prevention - ANSWER -to stop challenging behaviors before they begin
Redirection - ANSWER -guiding a child to a new activity or area--used to guide children's
behavior by recognizing challenging behavior at its earliest stages and taking steps to stop it
from escalating
Positive Reinforcement - ANSWER -desired behaviors are rewarded so that the child is
encouraged to repeat them
Theory - ANSWER -a set of facts or principles analyzed in relation to one another and used to
explain phenomena (a fact or behavior that can be observed)
Abraham Maslow - ANSWER -Hierarchy of Needs--most basic needs must be fulfilled before
other areas can be fulfilled
Erik Erikson - ANSWER -8 Conflicts in Emotional Development
(ERIKSON has 8 letters, E stands for emotional = the emotional 8)
Jean Piaget - ANSWER -4 Stages of Cognitive Development: caregiver sets up the
environment, and children learn through play
Sensorimotor - ANSWER -sensory perception
0-2 years
Children learn through sensory perception and motor activity.
PreOperational - ANSWER -thinking is based on how things are perceived rather than logic
2-7 years
Children begin to use symbols (e.g., using sand to make a cake).
Concrete Operational - ANSWER -7-11 years
Children become more rational in their thinking (e.g., realize Santa isn't real).
Formal Operations - ANSWER -thinking becomes abstract
11+
Children think beyond the present and about ideal situations.
