Fundamentals of Nursing, 3rd Edition: Complete Test Bank (Yoost & Crawford)

Test Bank For
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Fundamentals of Nursing
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ActiveLearning forCollaborativePractice 3rd
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b5Edition
By
Barbara L. Yoost, Lynne R. Crawford
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,Chapter 01: Nursing, Theory, and Professional Practice
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Yoost & Crawford: Fundamentals of Nursing: Active Learning for Collaborative Practice,
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3rd Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE b5




1. A group of nursing students are discussing the impact of nonnursing theories in clinical
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practice. The students would be correct if they chose which theoryto prioritize patient care?
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a. Erikson‘s Psychosocial Theory b5 b5




b. Paul‘s Critical-Thinking Theory b5 b5




c. Maslow‘s Hierarchy of Needs b5 b5 b5




d. Rosenstock‘s Health Belief Model b5 b5 b5




ANS: C b5




Maslow‘s hierarchy of needs specifies the psychological and physiologic factors that affect
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each person‘s physical and mental health. The nurse‘s understanding of these factors helps
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with formulating Nursing diagnoses that address the patient‘s needs and values to prioritize
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care. Erikson‘s Psychosocial Theory of Development and Socialization is based on
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individuals‘ interactingand learningabout their world. Nurses use concepts of developmental
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theory to critically think in providing care for their patients at various stages of their lives.
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Rosenstock (1974) developed thepsychological Health Belief Model. The model addresses b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5




possible reasons for why a patient may not comply with recommended health promotion
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behaviors. This model is especially useful to nurses as they educate patients.
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DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.5 TOP: Planning b 5 b 5 b 5




MSC: NCLEXClientNeedsC Na te g R
b5o ry : ISafG
e anB .C M
d Effective CareEnvironment:ManagementofCareNOT: b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b 5 b5 b5 b 5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5




b 5 U
Concepts: Care Coordinati on b5 b5




2. A nursing student is preparing study notes from a recent lecture in nursing history. The
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student would credit Florence Nightingale for which definition of nursing?
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a. Theimbalance between the patient and the environment decreases the capacity for
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health. b5




b. The nurse needs to focus on interpersonal processes between nurse and patient.
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c. Thenurse assists the patient with essential functions toward independence.
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d. Human beings are interacting in continuous motion as energyfields. b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5




ANS: A b5




Florence Nightingale‘s (1860) concept of the environment emphasized prevention and clean air,
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water, and housing. This theory states that the imbalance between the patient and the
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environment decreases the capacityfor health and does not allow for conservation of energy.
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Hildegard Peplau (1952) focused on the roles played by the nurse and the interpersonal
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process between a nurse and a patient. Virginia Henderson described the nurse‘s role as
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substitutive (doing for the person), supplementary (helping the person), or complementary
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(working with the person), with the goal of independence for the patient. Martha Rogers
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(1970) developed the Science of Unitary Human Beings. She stated that human beings and
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their environments are interacting in continuous motion as infinite energy fields.
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DIF: Understanding OBJ: 1.4 TOP: Planning b 5 b5




MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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NOT: Concepts: Health Promotion
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,3. The nurse identifies which nurse established the American Red Cross during the Civil War?
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a. Dorothea Dix b5




b. Linda Richards b5




c. Lena Higbee b5




d. ClaraBarton b5




ANS: D b5




Clara Barton practiced nursing in the Civil War and established the American Red Cross.
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DorotheaDix was the head of the U.S. Sanitary Commission, which was a forerunner of the Army
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Nurse Corps. Linda Richards was America‘s first trained nurse, graduating from Boston‘s
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Women‘s Hospital in 1873, and Lena Higbee, superintendent of the U.S. Navy Nurse Corps,
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was awarded the Navy Cross in 1918.
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DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.3 TOP: Assessment b 5 b5




MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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NOT: Concepts: Professionalism
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4. Thenursing instructor is researchingthe five proficiencies regarded as essential for students
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and professionals. The nursing instructor identifies which organization would be found to
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have added safety as a sixth competency?
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a. Qualityand SafetyEducation for Nurses (QSEN) b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5




b. Institute of Medicine (IOM) b5 b5 b5




c. American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5




d. National League for Nursing (NLN) b5 b5 b5 b5




ANS: A b5




The Instituteof Mediciner e pNort,RHe Ia lt hGProBfe.ssCio n M
s Education:ABridgeto Quality(2003),outlines
five core competencies. These U
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b5 b5 include patient-centered care, interdisciplinary
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teamwork, use of evidence-based medicine, quality improvement, and use of information
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technology. QSEN added safety as a sixth competency. The Essentials of Baccalaureate
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Education for Professional Nursing Practice are provided and updated by the American
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Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) (2008). The document offers a framework for the
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education of professional nurses with outcomes for students to meet. The National League for
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Nursing (NLN) outlines and updates competencies for practical, associate, baccalaureate, and
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graduate nursing education programs.
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DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.1 TOP: Planning b 5 b 5 b 5




MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care NOT:
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Concepts: Care Coordination
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5. The nurse manager is interviewing graduate nurses to fill existing staffing vacancies. When
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hiring graduate nurses, the nurse manager realizes that they will probably not be considered
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―competentǁ until they complete which task? b5 b5 b5 b5 b5




a. Theygraduate and pass NCLEX. b5 b5 b5 b5




b. They have worked 2 to 3 years. b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5




c. Their last year of nursing school. b5 b5 b5 b5 b5




d. They are actually hired. b5 b5 b5




ANS: B b5

, DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.1 TOP: Assessment b 5 b 5 b 5




MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care NOT:
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Concepts: Care Coordination
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8. The nurse is caring for a patient who refuses two units of packed red blood cells. When the
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nurse notifies the health care provider of the patient’s decision, the nurse is acting in which
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role?
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a. Manager
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c. Advocate
d. Educator

ANS: C b5




As the patient’s advocate, the nurse interprets information and provides the necessary
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education. The nurse then accepts and respects the patient’s decisions even if they are
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different from the nurse’s own beliefs. The nurse supports the patient’s wishes and
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communicates them to other health care providers. A nurse manages all of the activities and
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treatments for patients. In the role of change agent, the nurse works with patients to address
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their health concerns and with staff members to address change in an organization or within a
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community. The nurse ensures that the patient receives sufficient information on which to
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base consent for care and related treatment. Education becomes a major focus of discharge
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planning so that patients will be prepared to handle their own needs at home.
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DIF: Applying OBJ: 1.2 TOP: Implementation b 5 b 5 b 5




MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care NOT:
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Concepts: Care Coordination
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9. The nursing student develops a plan of care based on a recently published article describing
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the effects of bed rest on a patient’s calcium blood levels. When creating the plan of care, the
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nursing student has the obligation to consider which action?
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a. Criticallyappraise the evidence and determine validity. b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5




b. Ensure that the plan of care does not alter current practice.
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c. Change the process even when there is no problem identified. b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5




d. Maintain the plan of care regardless of initial outcome. b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5




ANS: A b5




Evidence-based practice (EBP) is an integration of the best-available research evidence with b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5 b5




clinical judgment about a specific patient situation. The nurse assesses current and past
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research, clinical guidelines, and other resources to identifyrelevant literature. The application of
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EBP includes critically appraising the evidence to assess its validity, designing a change for
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practice, assessing the need for change and identifying a problem, and integrating and
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maintaining change while monitoring process and outcomes by reevaluating the application of
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evidence and assessing areas for improvement.
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DIF: Applying OBJ: 1.2 TOP: Implementation b 5 b 5 b 5




MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care NOT:
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Concepts: Care Coordination
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