NU 545 UNIT 7 EXAM SCRIPT 2026
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ A student asks, "What is the percentage of all cases of breast cancer
that are identified as an autosomal dominant form?" What response by
the professor is best?
a.
<1
b.
5 to 10
c.
15 to 20
d.
20 to 30. Answer: ANS: B
An autosomal dominant form of breast cancer accounts for
approximately 5% to 10% of breast cancer cases in the United States.
◍ When a woman has one first-degree relative with breast cancer, her
risk of developing breast cancer is how many times greater?
a.
2
b.
3
,c.
6
d.
10. Answer: ANS: A
If a woman has one affected first-degree relative, her risk of
developing breast cancer doubles.
◍ Adoption studies have shown that the offspring of an alcoholic
parent have what amount of an increased risk of developing
alcoholism when raised by a nonalcoholic parent?
a.
Twofold
b.
Threefold
c.
Fourfold
d.
Tenfold. Answer: ANS: C
Adoption studies have shown that the offspring of an alcoholic parent,
even when raised by nonalcoholic parents, have a fourfold increased
risk of developing the disorder.
◍ Studies have identified several genes that play a role in the
prevention of obesity by affecting what?
a.
,Regulation of appetite
b.
Metabolizing of fat
c.
Absorption of fat
d.
Altering the sense of satiety. Answer: ANS: A
Clinical trials using recombinant leptin have demonstrated moderate
weight loss in a subset of obese individuals. In addition, leptin
participates in important interactions with other components of
appetite control, such as neuropeptide Y and a-melanocyte-stimulating
hormone and its receptor, the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R).
Currently, no research supports the other options as being genetically
regulated.
◍ The BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations increase the risk of which
cancer in women?
a.
Ovarian
b.
Lung
c.
Uterine
d.
Pancreatic. Answer: ANS: A
, BRCA1 mutations increase the risk of ovarian cancer among women
(20% to 50% lifetime risk), and BRCA2 mutations also confer an
increased risk of ovarian cancer (10% to 20% lifetime prevalence).
BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations are not currently believed to be linked
with risks of lung, uterine, or pancreatic cancers.
◍ What are blood pressure variations associated with?
a.
b1-Adrenergic receptors to increase heart rate
b.
The release of an antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
c.
The renin-angiotensin system's effect on vasoconstriction
d.
Serum bradykinin, causing vasodilation. Answer: ANS: C
Studies of blood pressure correlations within families indicate that
about 20% to 40% of the variation in both systolic and diastolic blood
pressure is caused by genetic factors. Significant research is now
focused on specific components that may influence blood pressure
variation, such as the renin-angiotensin system (involved in sodium
reabsorption and vasoconstriction). b1-Adrenergic receptors, ADH,
and bradykinin are not the subjects of such research.
◍ What are the two most important risk factors for type 2 diabetes?
a.
Autoantibodies and human leukocyte antigen associations
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ A student asks, "What is the percentage of all cases of breast cancer
that are identified as an autosomal dominant form?" What response by
the professor is best?
a.
<1
b.
5 to 10
c.
15 to 20
d.
20 to 30. Answer: ANS: B
An autosomal dominant form of breast cancer accounts for
approximately 5% to 10% of breast cancer cases in the United States.
◍ When a woman has one first-degree relative with breast cancer, her
risk of developing breast cancer is how many times greater?
a.
2
b.
3
,c.
6
d.
10. Answer: ANS: A
If a woman has one affected first-degree relative, her risk of
developing breast cancer doubles.
◍ Adoption studies have shown that the offspring of an alcoholic
parent have what amount of an increased risk of developing
alcoholism when raised by a nonalcoholic parent?
a.
Twofold
b.
Threefold
c.
Fourfold
d.
Tenfold. Answer: ANS: C
Adoption studies have shown that the offspring of an alcoholic parent,
even when raised by nonalcoholic parents, have a fourfold increased
risk of developing the disorder.
◍ Studies have identified several genes that play a role in the
prevention of obesity by affecting what?
a.
,Regulation of appetite
b.
Metabolizing of fat
c.
Absorption of fat
d.
Altering the sense of satiety. Answer: ANS: A
Clinical trials using recombinant leptin have demonstrated moderate
weight loss in a subset of obese individuals. In addition, leptin
participates in important interactions with other components of
appetite control, such as neuropeptide Y and a-melanocyte-stimulating
hormone and its receptor, the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R).
Currently, no research supports the other options as being genetically
regulated.
◍ The BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations increase the risk of which
cancer in women?
a.
Ovarian
b.
Lung
c.
Uterine
d.
Pancreatic. Answer: ANS: A
, BRCA1 mutations increase the risk of ovarian cancer among women
(20% to 50% lifetime risk), and BRCA2 mutations also confer an
increased risk of ovarian cancer (10% to 20% lifetime prevalence).
BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations are not currently believed to be linked
with risks of lung, uterine, or pancreatic cancers.
◍ What are blood pressure variations associated with?
a.
b1-Adrenergic receptors to increase heart rate
b.
The release of an antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
c.
The renin-angiotensin system's effect on vasoconstriction
d.
Serum bradykinin, causing vasodilation. Answer: ANS: C
Studies of blood pressure correlations within families indicate that
about 20% to 40% of the variation in both systolic and diastolic blood
pressure is caused by genetic factors. Significant research is now
focused on specific components that may influence blood pressure
variation, such as the renin-angiotensin system (involved in sodium
reabsorption and vasoconstriction). b1-Adrenergic receptors, ADH,
and bradykinin are not the subjects of such research.
◍ What are the two most important risk factors for type 2 diabetes?
a.
Autoantibodies and human leukocyte antigen associations
