NU 545 UNIT 7 STUDY PAPER 2026
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ In DNA replication, what does the enzyme DNA polymerase do?
a.
Travel along the single DNA strand, adding the correct nucleotide to
the new strand
b.
Move along the double strand of DNA to unwind the nucleotides of
the double helix
c.
Hold the double strand apart while the correct nucleotides are added
to the strand
d.
Transport the double strand of DNA from the nucleus to the
cytoplasm for protein formation. Answer: ANS: A
The DNA polymerase enzyme travels along the single DNA strand,
adding the correct nucleotides to the free end of the new strand (see
Figure 4-3, B). The correct option is the only one that accurately
describes the process involved in DNA replication using DNA
polymerase.
◍ How is transcription best defined?
a.
,DNA polymerase binds to the promoter site on ribonucleic acid
(RNA).
b.
RNA directs the synthesis of polypeptides for protein synthesis.
c.
RNA is synthesized from a DNA template.
d.
A base pair substitution results in a mutation of the amino acid
sequence.. Answer: ANS: C
Transcription is the process by which RNA is synthesized from a
DNA template. The correct option is the only one that accurately
defines the term transcription.
◍ What is the purpose of using a Giemsa staining technique on
chromosomes?
a.
Permit the mitotic process to be followed and monitored for
variations.
b.
Allow for the numbering of chromosomes and the identification of
variations.
c.
Identify new somatic cells formed through mitosis and cytokinesis.
d.
Distinguish the sex chromosomes from the homologous
chromosomes.. Answer: ANS: B
,One of the most commonly used stains is Giemsa stain. By using
banding techniques, chromosomes can be unambiguously numbered,
and individual variation in chromosome composition can be studied.
Missing or duplicated portions of chromosomes, which often result in
serious diseases, also can be readily identified. The correct option is
the only one that accurately describes the purpose of the Giemsa
staining technique.
◍ An amniocentesis indicates a neural tube defect when an increase
in which protein is evident?
a.
Cytochrome P-450
b.
Alpha fetoprotein
c.
DNA polymerase
d.
Embryonic proteins. Answer: ANS: B
Other disorders can be detected with this procedure. These include
most neural tube defects, which cause an elevation of alpha
fetoprotein in the amniotic fluid, and hundreds of diseases caused by
mutations of single genes. Cytochrome P-450 is useful in helping to
formulate drug doses more precisely. DNA polymerase travels along
the single DNA strand, adding the correct nucleotides to the free end
of the new strand during DNA replication. Embryonic proteins are not
involved in neural tube defects.
, ◍ Amniocentesis is recommended for pregnant with what history?
a.
Have a history of chronic illness
b.
Have a family history of genetic disorders
c.
Have experienced in vitro fertilization
d.
Had a late menarche. Answer: ANS: B
Amniocentesis is recommended only for pregnancies known to have
an elevated risk for a genetic disease or in women older than 30 to 35
years of age because of the slightly higher risk of fetal loss as
compared to the general population. Having a chronic illness,
previous in vitro fertilization, or late menarche are not reasons to have
an amniocentesis.
◍ What is the technique for prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal
abnormalities at 10 to 12 weeks' gestation?
a.
Gene mapping
b.
Linkage analysis
c.
Amniocentesis
d.
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ In DNA replication, what does the enzyme DNA polymerase do?
a.
Travel along the single DNA strand, adding the correct nucleotide to
the new strand
b.
Move along the double strand of DNA to unwind the nucleotides of
the double helix
c.
Hold the double strand apart while the correct nucleotides are added
to the strand
d.
Transport the double strand of DNA from the nucleus to the
cytoplasm for protein formation. Answer: ANS: A
The DNA polymerase enzyme travels along the single DNA strand,
adding the correct nucleotides to the free end of the new strand (see
Figure 4-3, B). The correct option is the only one that accurately
describes the process involved in DNA replication using DNA
polymerase.
◍ How is transcription best defined?
a.
,DNA polymerase binds to the promoter site on ribonucleic acid
(RNA).
b.
RNA directs the synthesis of polypeptides for protein synthesis.
c.
RNA is synthesized from a DNA template.
d.
A base pair substitution results in a mutation of the amino acid
sequence.. Answer: ANS: C
Transcription is the process by which RNA is synthesized from a
DNA template. The correct option is the only one that accurately
defines the term transcription.
◍ What is the purpose of using a Giemsa staining technique on
chromosomes?
a.
Permit the mitotic process to be followed and monitored for
variations.
b.
Allow for the numbering of chromosomes and the identification of
variations.
c.
Identify new somatic cells formed through mitosis and cytokinesis.
d.
Distinguish the sex chromosomes from the homologous
chromosomes.. Answer: ANS: B
,One of the most commonly used stains is Giemsa stain. By using
banding techniques, chromosomes can be unambiguously numbered,
and individual variation in chromosome composition can be studied.
Missing or duplicated portions of chromosomes, which often result in
serious diseases, also can be readily identified. The correct option is
the only one that accurately describes the purpose of the Giemsa
staining technique.
◍ An amniocentesis indicates a neural tube defect when an increase
in which protein is evident?
a.
Cytochrome P-450
b.
Alpha fetoprotein
c.
DNA polymerase
d.
Embryonic proteins. Answer: ANS: B
Other disorders can be detected with this procedure. These include
most neural tube defects, which cause an elevation of alpha
fetoprotein in the amniotic fluid, and hundreds of diseases caused by
mutations of single genes. Cytochrome P-450 is useful in helping to
formulate drug doses more precisely. DNA polymerase travels along
the single DNA strand, adding the correct nucleotides to the free end
of the new strand during DNA replication. Embryonic proteins are not
involved in neural tube defects.
, ◍ Amniocentesis is recommended for pregnant with what history?
a.
Have a history of chronic illness
b.
Have a family history of genetic disorders
c.
Have experienced in vitro fertilization
d.
Had a late menarche. Answer: ANS: B
Amniocentesis is recommended only for pregnancies known to have
an elevated risk for a genetic disease or in women older than 30 to 35
years of age because of the slightly higher risk of fetal loss as
compared to the general population. Having a chronic illness,
previous in vitro fertilization, or late menarche are not reasons to have
an amniocentesis.
◍ What is the technique for prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal
abnormalities at 10 to 12 weeks' gestation?
a.
Gene mapping
b.
Linkage analysis
c.
Amniocentesis
d.
