MCPHS Anatomy and Physiology Exam 3 Question and answers already passed 2025/2026

MCPHS Anatomy and Physiology Exam 3 Question and
answers already passed 2025/2026
1 point of attachment that does not move when the
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The Origin
. muscle contracts
The
2 insertion the point of attachment of a muscle to the part
. Fascicle arrange-that circular,
it movesconvergent,
ment
parallel, pennate, fusiform
34. Circular muscle arranged in a circle around an opening and act as sphincters; ex:
. orbicularis oris and orbicularis oculi

5. convergent converge at a single tendon; ex: pectoralis major, pectoralis minor
mus- cles

6. parallel muscles lie parallel to one another and to the long axis of the muscle; ex: trapezius
7. Pennate muscles fascicles originate from tendon that runs the length of the entire
muscle; has three ditterent patterns: unipennate (semimembranosus),
bipennate (rectus femoris), and multipennate (deltoid)

8. Fusiform mus- fascicles lie parallel to the long axis of the muscle. The belly of the
cles
muscle is larger in diameter than the ends; ex: biceps brachii (two-
headed) triceps brachii (three-headed)
9. How muscles
are named
1. location
2. Size
3. shape
4. orientation of fascicles
5. origin of insertion
10. Do muscles 6. number of heads
work as levers,
ful- crums or 7. fun
weight?
ction

levers



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, MCPHS Anatomy and Physiology Exam 3
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11. Class I lever
sys- tem fulcrum is between pull and weight (seesaw)

12. Class II lever
sys- tem weight is between the fulcrum and the pull (wheelbarrow)

13. Class III lever sys- Most common in body, pull is between fulcrum and weight (person using
shovel)
tem
14. Posterior longissimus capitis, oblique capitis superior, rectus capitis posterior,
mus- cles of
the neck semispinalis capitis, splenius capitis, trapezius

15. longissimus capi- insertion: mastoid process
tis function: extends, rotates, and laterally flexes neck
16. oblique
capitis insertion: occipital bone
superior function: extends and laterally flexes neck; turns head
17. rectus insertion: occipital bone
capitis
posterior function: extends and rotates neck; turns head

18. semispinali insertion: occipital bone
s capitis
function: extends, rotates, and laterally flexes neck

19. trapezius insertion: clavicle, acromion process and scapular spine
function: extends and laterally flexes neck

20. splenius capitis insertion: superior nuchal line and mastoid process
function: extends, rotates, and laterally flexes neck

21. lateral muscles of sternocleidomastoid, scalene muscles
the neck
22.

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, MCPHS Anatomy and Physiology Exam 3
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sternocleidomas- insertion: mastoid process and superior nuchal line
toid function: one contracting alone: laterally flexes head and neck at the
same time and rotates head and neck to opposite side; both
contracting: flex neck

23. scalene muscles insertion: first and second ribs
function: flex, laterally flex, and rotate neck

24. buccinator insertion: orbicularis oris at corner of mouth
function: draws corners of mouth posteriorly; compresses cheek to hold
food between teeth

25. corrugator su- insertion: skin of eyebrow
percili
function: depresses medial portion of eyebrow; draws eyebrows together, as
in frowning
26. depressor
anguli oris
origin: lower border of mandible
insertion: skin lip near corner of
27. depressor mouth function: lowers corner of
labii inferioris
mouth; frown

28. levator origin: lower border of mandible
anguli oris insertion: skin of lower lip and orbicularis
oris function: depresses lower lip
29. levator labii
su- perioris origin: maxilla
insertion: skin at the corner of mouth and orbicularis
30. levator labii oris function: raises corner of mouth
su- perioris
alaeque nasi origin: maxilla
insertion: skin and orbicularis oris of upper
lip function: raises upper lip; sneer

origin: maxilla
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