2026/2027 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH
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1. Sinus rhythm - ANSWER ✔ Hallmark sign: upward rounded P wave, PRI
.12-20
2. normal sinus rhythm - ANSWER ✔ Regular rhythm, rate 60-100 BPM
3. Sinus Bradycardia - ANSWER ✔ regular rhythm, rate <60 BPM
4. Sinus Tachycardia - ANSWER ✔ regular rhythm, rate 100-180 bpm
5. Sinus Arrhythmia - ANSWER ✔ Irregular rhythm, Rate 60-100 bpm
6. Atrial Rhythms - ANSWER ✔ Hallmark sign: changing P waves
7. Atrial Flutter - ANSWER ✔ Regular rhythm, no visible P waves, rate 250-
350 bpm
8. Atrial flutter - ANSWER ✔ "Sawtooth" P waves
,9. Atrial Fibulation ( A fib) - ANSWER ✔ Grossly irregular rhythm, no visible
p waves, 300-400 BPM
10.Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) - ANSWER ✔ P waves are replaced with Fib
waves
11.Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) - ANSWER ✔ Controlled - <100
Uncontrolled- >100
12.Atrial Tachycardia - ANSWER ✔ Regular rhythm, rate 150-250 bpm
13.Atrial Tachycardia - ANSWER ✔ Atypical P wave, rapid rate
14.Automaticity - ANSWER ✔ Heart cells initiate electrical impulses without
any external stimulus
15.Automaticity is achieved thru - ANSWER ✔ Depolarization
16.Depolarization - ANSWER ✔ Process that initiates electrical impulse to start
electrical conduction system
17.Resting state - ANSWER ✔ Polarization
18.Discharge state - ANSWER ✔ depolarization
,19.Recovery state - ANSWER ✔ repolarization
20.Rhythmicity - ANSWER ✔ Cells form impulses at regular intervals
21.Pacemaker rule - ANSWER ✔ Site with fastest inherent rate will take over
as pacemaker
22.Escape rhythm - ANSWER ✔ If normal pacemaker is not working, the next
pacemaker will take over
23.SA node rate - ANSWER ✔ 60-100
24.AV rate - ANSWER ✔ 40-60
25.Perkinjee rate - ANSWER ✔ 20- 40
26.NSR rate - ANSWER ✔ 60-100
27.SB rate - ANSWER ✔ Less than 60
28.ST rate - ANSWER ✔ 100-150
29.Hallmark sign of atrial rhythm - ANSWER ✔ Each rhythm has P wave
change
, 30.Hallmark sign of junctional rhythm - ANSWER ✔ Inverted P wave before/
after or inside QRS
31.Junctional Escape rate - ANSWER ✔ 40-60
32.Accelerated junctional rate - ANSWER ✔ 60-100
33.Junctional Tach Rate - ANSWER ✔ 100-149
34.SVT rate - ANSWER ✔ 150 or higher
35.Hallmark of ventricular rhythms - ANSWER ✔ Wide & bizarre QRS
36.Idioventricular (IVR) rate - ANSWER ✔ 20-40
37.Accelerated idioventricular (AIVR) rate - ANSWER ✔ 40-150
38.Hallmark of heart blocks - ANSWER ✔ More Ps than QRS
39.1st degree HB PRI - ANSWER ✔ Greater than 0.2
40.Wenkebach HB Hallmark - ANSWER ✔ Gradual increase in PRI &
Irregular
41.Classical HB hallmark - ANSWER ✔ Constant PRI & regular