BIOLOGY 1108 UPDATED EXAM SCRIPT QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS MARKED A+
✔✔2nd Trimesters - ✔✔Characterized by continued development and growth of the
fetus. Fetal movements are usually first felt in this stage.
✔✔3rd Trimester - ✔✔Rapid growth, fetus doubles in size during the last two months.
✔✔Hox genes - ✔✔regulate development of major features of body form in animals.
Similar to DNA sequences and relative positions on chromosomes
✔✔Parazoans - ✔✔The most basal metazoans, consisting of the Subkingdoms Porifera
and Placozoa. Have no gut
✔✔Metazoans - ✔✔Two subkingdoms, parazoans and eumetazoa
✔✔Eumetazoa - ✔✔Subkingdom of Metazoa, characterized by having a gut. Must
either be diploblastic or triploblastic
✔✔Porifera - ✔✔Sponges; lack organized tissues and guts. Filter feeders, mainly
marine, specialized cell types. Bottom dwelling. Most basal metazoan. Are chemically
exotic, using chemicals for competitive interactions, and natural pharmaceuticals.
✔✔Radial Symmetry - ✔✔Characteristic of Eumetazoans, have multiple planes of
symmetry. Usually attached to a surface, or they float. Use nerve net to receive
information across whole body, no CNS.
✔✔Bilateral Symmetry - ✔✔Characteristic of Eumetazoa, only one plane of symmetry
✔✔Cnidaria - ✔✔Corals and Jellyfish. Diploblastic, radial symmetry, tentacles around
mouth to catch prey, have cnidocytes (stinging cells), single mouth/anus. Tentacles
hand down to allow for easy prey capture and digestion.
✔✔Ecdysozoa - ✔✔Characterized by the molting of the cuticle, two main phylum are
Arthropoda and Nematoda
✔✔Nematoda - ✔✔Lives in soil, water, animals, or plants. Unsegmented with a
pseudocoelom. Some are pests, some are parasites. Move by undulation.
✔✔Phylum Tarigrada - ✔✔"water bears" microscopic segmented organisms that live in
soil, mosses, or at the sediment at the bottom of the ocean. Eats bacteria, plants, or
becomes a predator. Can survive extreme climates.
, ✔✔Phylum Onychophora - ✔✔"Velvet Worms" Live in moist leaf litter, prey on small
invertebrates, segmented, shoot sticky slime at prey
✔✔Phylum Arthropoda - ✔✔Segmented, jointed appendages, several types of
metamorphosis, Cuticle is stiff, made of protein and chitin
✔✔Ametabolous metamorphosis - ✔✔young and adults both wingless, only change in
size
✔✔Hemimetabolous metamorphosis - ✔✔Young resemble adults
✔✔Holometabolous metamorphosis - ✔✔larvae completely different from adults, go
through a sessile pupal stage.
✔✔Order Acari - ✔✔Mites and Ticks
✔✔Class Xiphosura - ✔✔Horseshoe Crabs, highly social and mating events are a timed
event. Glow in UV
✔✔Class Diplopoda - ✔✔Millipedes, detrivores, 2 legs a segment
✔✔Class Chilopoda - ✔✔Centipedes, 1 pair legs a segment, venomous, predators
✔✔Subphylum Crustacea - ✔✔Most aquatic, have a caparce, two pairs of antennae,
highly modified legs (swimming, walking, food acquisition)
✔✔Class Malacostraca - ✔✔Crabs, shrimp, lobster, crayfish, woodlice
✔✔Class Maxillopoda - ✔✔Barnacles
✔✔Subphylum Hexapod/ Class Insecta - ✔✔Insecta characterized by three segments
✔✔Protostomes - ✔✔Mouth forms first, spiral cleavage, cell type determined early in
development. Made up of Lophotrochozoas and Ecdysozoas.
✔✔Dueterostomes - ✔✔Anus forms first
✔✔Enchinoderms - ✔✔sea stars, sea urchins, brittle stars, sea cucumbers, sea lilies.
Rube feet, deuterostome, unsegmented. entirely marine
✔✔Agnatha/Hagfish - ✔✔Class myxini. Two rows of keratine 'teeth.' Slime defense.
Scavenger
✔✔Chondrichcytes - ✔✔Cartilaginous Fish. aka sharks and rays, entirely predatory
AND ANSWERS MARKED A+
✔✔2nd Trimesters - ✔✔Characterized by continued development and growth of the
fetus. Fetal movements are usually first felt in this stage.
✔✔3rd Trimester - ✔✔Rapid growth, fetus doubles in size during the last two months.
✔✔Hox genes - ✔✔regulate development of major features of body form in animals.
Similar to DNA sequences and relative positions on chromosomes
✔✔Parazoans - ✔✔The most basal metazoans, consisting of the Subkingdoms Porifera
and Placozoa. Have no gut
✔✔Metazoans - ✔✔Two subkingdoms, parazoans and eumetazoa
✔✔Eumetazoa - ✔✔Subkingdom of Metazoa, characterized by having a gut. Must
either be diploblastic or triploblastic
✔✔Porifera - ✔✔Sponges; lack organized tissues and guts. Filter feeders, mainly
marine, specialized cell types. Bottom dwelling. Most basal metazoan. Are chemically
exotic, using chemicals for competitive interactions, and natural pharmaceuticals.
✔✔Radial Symmetry - ✔✔Characteristic of Eumetazoans, have multiple planes of
symmetry. Usually attached to a surface, or they float. Use nerve net to receive
information across whole body, no CNS.
✔✔Bilateral Symmetry - ✔✔Characteristic of Eumetazoa, only one plane of symmetry
✔✔Cnidaria - ✔✔Corals and Jellyfish. Diploblastic, radial symmetry, tentacles around
mouth to catch prey, have cnidocytes (stinging cells), single mouth/anus. Tentacles
hand down to allow for easy prey capture and digestion.
✔✔Ecdysozoa - ✔✔Characterized by the molting of the cuticle, two main phylum are
Arthropoda and Nematoda
✔✔Nematoda - ✔✔Lives in soil, water, animals, or plants. Unsegmented with a
pseudocoelom. Some are pests, some are parasites. Move by undulation.
✔✔Phylum Tarigrada - ✔✔"water bears" microscopic segmented organisms that live in
soil, mosses, or at the sediment at the bottom of the ocean. Eats bacteria, plants, or
becomes a predator. Can survive extreme climates.
, ✔✔Phylum Onychophora - ✔✔"Velvet Worms" Live in moist leaf litter, prey on small
invertebrates, segmented, shoot sticky slime at prey
✔✔Phylum Arthropoda - ✔✔Segmented, jointed appendages, several types of
metamorphosis, Cuticle is stiff, made of protein and chitin
✔✔Ametabolous metamorphosis - ✔✔young and adults both wingless, only change in
size
✔✔Hemimetabolous metamorphosis - ✔✔Young resemble adults
✔✔Holometabolous metamorphosis - ✔✔larvae completely different from adults, go
through a sessile pupal stage.
✔✔Order Acari - ✔✔Mites and Ticks
✔✔Class Xiphosura - ✔✔Horseshoe Crabs, highly social and mating events are a timed
event. Glow in UV
✔✔Class Diplopoda - ✔✔Millipedes, detrivores, 2 legs a segment
✔✔Class Chilopoda - ✔✔Centipedes, 1 pair legs a segment, venomous, predators
✔✔Subphylum Crustacea - ✔✔Most aquatic, have a caparce, two pairs of antennae,
highly modified legs (swimming, walking, food acquisition)
✔✔Class Malacostraca - ✔✔Crabs, shrimp, lobster, crayfish, woodlice
✔✔Class Maxillopoda - ✔✔Barnacles
✔✔Subphylum Hexapod/ Class Insecta - ✔✔Insecta characterized by three segments
✔✔Protostomes - ✔✔Mouth forms first, spiral cleavage, cell type determined early in
development. Made up of Lophotrochozoas and Ecdysozoas.
✔✔Dueterostomes - ✔✔Anus forms first
✔✔Enchinoderms - ✔✔sea stars, sea urchins, brittle stars, sea cucumbers, sea lilies.
Rube feet, deuterostome, unsegmented. entirely marine
✔✔Agnatha/Hagfish - ✔✔Class myxini. Two rows of keratine 'teeth.' Slime defense.
Scavenger
✔✔Chondrichcytes - ✔✔Cartilaginous Fish. aka sharks and rays, entirely predatory
