1/25/26, 7:36 AM ONS/ONCC Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Certificate Exam (updated 2026) Questions & Answers | Latest Already Graded A+ UP…
ONS/ONCC Chemotherapy Immunotherapy
Certificate Exam (updated 2026) Questions &
Answers | Latest Already Graded A+ UPDATE
|2026
Save
Terms in this set (135)
Lesson 1: Foundations to Set the
Stage
Focusing on Cellular Structure and
Function
The Normal Cell Cycle -The cell cycle refers to the ordered seres of
processes of DNA replication and mitosis, or cell
division
-Cell nucleus regulates these processes by
gathering and processing complexes molecular
information
Interphase and Mitotic Phase Cell division produces two identical cells through
these two major phases
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During interphase: Cell grows and DNA is replicated through the
following three steps:
1: First growth phase (G1 or first gap)
2: Synthesis phase (S phase)
3:Mitotic Phse (M phase)
First Growth Phase (G1 or first gap) -cells increase in size
-reproduce RNA
-"quality assurance" test that the cell will be ready
to synthesis DNA
-Length of time is variable, can be from hours to
days
Synthesis Phase (S phase) -DNA replicates
-Results in the formation of identical pairs of DNA
(chromatids)
-which are attached a t the centromere
-lasts 2-10 hours
Mitotic Phase (M phase) -Replicated chromosomes are aligned, separated,
and move into 2 new, identical daughter cells
-takes about 30-60 minutes
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Major points of cell regulation are -G1 checkpoint
entry and exit from
-S Phase
-G2 checkpoint
-M phase
Restriction Point -The transition from the resting phase into an
actively dividing phase (G0-G1) is a point where
cellular transformation can occur
-During this time, cells pass through a transition
phase known as a restriction point
-Extracellular growth factors trigger reentry into
G1, and GF are required to send the cells past the
restriction point, or the point of no return
G0 Phase (resting phase) -After mitosis, cells may enter back into the G1
phase or go into a resting phase, known as G0
-Most cells in the human body reside in G0
-Exceptions to this are those that are -Exceptions to this are those that are metabollically
(Resting in G0 phase) active, such as
-granulocytes
-and the epithelium of the GI tract
Cell Cycling Time Amount of time from mitosis to mitosis
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Cell cycle video and image http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/007249585
5/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_the_cell_
cycle_works.html
Check points in the Cell Cycle: -The cell cycle is carefully controlled through a
Keeping it All Under Control series of checkpoints
-Variation in duplication or distribution of
chromosomes during cell division can alter the
genetic information passed on to daughter cells,
leading to cellular dysfunction and disease, such as
cancer
-These checkpoints monitor for DNA integrity and
control progression through mitosis
Progression through the cell cycle is 1. cyclines (D, E, A, B)
controlled through two proteins:
2. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs)
-Cyclin-CDK complex allows the cell to progress
through each phase of the cell cycle
Locations of proteins Cyclins (D, E, A, -(G0-G1) : Cyclin D and CDK 4/6
B) and CDKs
-Early S: Cyclin E and CDK 1/2
-Late S: Cyclin A and CDK 1/2
-G2: CDK 1/2 and cyclin A
-Before M: CDK 1 and Cyclin B
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ONS/ONCC Chemotherapy Immunotherapy
Certificate Exam (updated 2026) Questions &
Answers | Latest Already Graded A+ UPDATE
|2026
Save
Terms in this set (135)
Lesson 1: Foundations to Set the
Stage
Focusing on Cellular Structure and
Function
The Normal Cell Cycle -The cell cycle refers to the ordered seres of
processes of DNA replication and mitosis, or cell
division
-Cell nucleus regulates these processes by
gathering and processing complexes molecular
information
Interphase and Mitotic Phase Cell division produces two identical cells through
these two major phases
https://quizlet.com/1134946357/onsoncc-chemotherapy-immunotherapy-certificate-exam-updated-2026-questions-answers-latest-already-graded-a-u… 1/32
,1/25/26, 7:36 AM ONS/ONCC Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Certificate Exam (updated 2026) Questions & Answers | Latest Already Graded A+ UP…
During interphase: Cell grows and DNA is replicated through the
following three steps:
1: First growth phase (G1 or first gap)
2: Synthesis phase (S phase)
3:Mitotic Phse (M phase)
First Growth Phase (G1 or first gap) -cells increase in size
-reproduce RNA
-"quality assurance" test that the cell will be ready
to synthesis DNA
-Length of time is variable, can be from hours to
days
Synthesis Phase (S phase) -DNA replicates
-Results in the formation of identical pairs of DNA
(chromatids)
-which are attached a t the centromere
-lasts 2-10 hours
Mitotic Phase (M phase) -Replicated chromosomes are aligned, separated,
and move into 2 new, identical daughter cells
-takes about 30-60 minutes
https://quizlet.com/1134946357/onsoncc-chemotherapy-immunotherapy-certificate-exam-updated-2026-questions-answers-latest-already-graded-a-u… 2/32
,1/25/26, 7:36 AM ONS/ONCC Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Certificate Exam (updated 2026) Questions & Answers | Latest Already Graded A+ UP…
Major points of cell regulation are -G1 checkpoint
entry and exit from
-S Phase
-G2 checkpoint
-M phase
Restriction Point -The transition from the resting phase into an
actively dividing phase (G0-G1) is a point where
cellular transformation can occur
-During this time, cells pass through a transition
phase known as a restriction point
-Extracellular growth factors trigger reentry into
G1, and GF are required to send the cells past the
restriction point, or the point of no return
G0 Phase (resting phase) -After mitosis, cells may enter back into the G1
phase or go into a resting phase, known as G0
-Most cells in the human body reside in G0
-Exceptions to this are those that are -Exceptions to this are those that are metabollically
(Resting in G0 phase) active, such as
-granulocytes
-and the epithelium of the GI tract
Cell Cycling Time Amount of time from mitosis to mitosis
https://quizlet.com/1134946357/onsoncc-chemotherapy-immunotherapy-certificate-exam-updated-2026-questions-answers-latest-already-graded-a-u… 3/32
, 1/25/26, 7:36 AM ONS/ONCC Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Certificate Exam (updated 2026) Questions & Answers | Latest Already Graded A+ UP…
Cell cycle video and image http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/007249585
5/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_the_cell_
cycle_works.html
Check points in the Cell Cycle: -The cell cycle is carefully controlled through a
Keeping it All Under Control series of checkpoints
-Variation in duplication or distribution of
chromosomes during cell division can alter the
genetic information passed on to daughter cells,
leading to cellular dysfunction and disease, such as
cancer
-These checkpoints monitor for DNA integrity and
control progression through mitosis
Progression through the cell cycle is 1. cyclines (D, E, A, B)
controlled through two proteins:
2. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs)
-Cyclin-CDK complex allows the cell to progress
through each phase of the cell cycle
Locations of proteins Cyclins (D, E, A, -(G0-G1) : Cyclin D and CDK 4/6
B) and CDKs
-Early S: Cyclin E and CDK 1/2
-Late S: Cyclin A and CDK 1/2
-G2: CDK 1/2 and cyclin A
-Before M: CDK 1 and Cyclin B
https://quizlet.com/1134946357/onsoncc-chemotherapy-immunotherapy-certificate-exam-updated-2026-questions-answers-latest-already-graded-a-u… 4/32
