NURSING PROCESS APPROACH 5TH
EDITION EXAM SCRIPT 2026 TESTED
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS
⩥ What are the 2 types of clinical questions? Answer: background and
foreground
⩥ A background question: Answer: is broad and general
- the answer to the question provides general knowledge about the
problem or topic of interest
- has the advantage of allowing you to explore a vast array of options for
your area of interest
- 100 articles
⩥ A foreground question: Answer: is specific and relevant to a practice
issue
- must be asked to decide which of two interventions is likely the more
effective in addressing a practice issue
- a few select articles
⩥ A __________ is clearly worded when you use a PICOT format.
Answer: foreground question
, ⩥ What are the 5 elements of a PICOT question?. Answer: P = Patient
population of interest
I = Intervention or issue of interest
C = Comparison intervention or issue of interest
O = Outcome
T = Time
⩥ P = Patient population of interest. Answer: Identify your patients by
age, gender, ethnicity, disease, or health problem
⩥ I = Intervention or issue of interest. Answer: Which intervention do
you think is worthwhile to use in practice (e.g., a treatment, diagnostic
test, prognostic factor)?
⩥ C = Comparison intervention or issue of interest. Answer: Which
standard of care or current intervention do you usually use now in
practice?
⩥ O = Outcome. Answer: Which result do you wish to achieve or
observe as a result of an intervention (e.g., change in patient's behavior,
physical finding, change in patient's perception)?