ISTM 310 EVALUATION EXAM 2026 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔How is the TCP/IP model a simplified OSI model (Name the steps)
Ex.
#. TCP Layer (OSI Layer) - ✔✔4. Application (Application, Presentation, Session)
3. Transact (Transport)
2. Network or Internet (Network)
1. Access (Data Link, Physical)
✔✔Each layer of the OSI model encapsulates data by _____________ - ✔✔Adding a
header
✔✔What are the protocol data units (PDUs) for the different layers in the OSI model? -
✔✔Transport -> UDP or TCP
Network -> Packets
Data Link -> Frames
Physical -> Bits
✔✔If TCP protocol is used the new package is called a ________ - ✔✔Segment
✔✔If UDP protocol is used the new package is called a ________ - ✔✔Datagram
✔✔Which layer of the OSI model adds on a header and a footer to the data? - ✔✔Data
Link through frames
✔✔Can frames go outside your network? - ✔✔No.
✔✔Can packets go outside your network? - ✔✔Yes.
✔✔What is a switch and what layer is it? - ✔✔A device that connects all computers on a
network and is part of the data link layer. It can also be layer one
✔✔What address is used on layer two of the OSI model? - ✔✔MAC (Media Access
Control)
✔✔What address is used on layer three of the OSI model? - ✔✔IP (Internetwork
Protocol)
✔✔What is a router and what layer is it? - ✔✔An intelligent connecting device that
examines each packet of data it receives and then decides which way to send it onward
toward its destination. A router is layer 3 but can be also be 2 and 1.
, ✔✔What is DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)? - ✔✔A protocol used to
automate the assignment of IP address.
✔✔What layer is DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)? - ✔✔Application layer
✔✔What layer is ARP? - ✔✔Data Link
✔✔What layer is DNS? - ✔✔Application layer
✔✔How does ARP work? - ✔✔The router will broadcast the IP address across a
network. The MAC address with that IP will say "I have that IP" to get the info.
✔✔Where are the MAC and IP addresses given? - ✔✔MAC: At the factory where is was
created
IP: Assigned by the administrator
✔✔How many bits is an IP address and what is the max number? - ✔✔32 bits long. 255
is the max number because that is 4 bytes
✔✔What port does DNS use? - ✔✔Port 53
✔✔What port does HTTP use? - ✔✔TCP Port 80
✔✔What port does DHCP use? - ✔✔UDP 67, 68
✔✔Which layer four protocol emphasizes accurate delivery over speed? - ✔✔TCP
✔✔Which layer four protocol emphasizes speed over accurate delivery? - ✔✔UDP
✔✔What is a subnet? - ✔✔A group of computers that share an IP address. Routers can
have multiple IP addresses.
✔✔What is a modem? - ✔✔What brings the internet into your home by taking the
analog signal of the internet and converting it into digital that the computer can
understand.
✔✔What is a router? - ✔✔A device that checks each packet of data it receives and then
decides which way to send it onward toward its destination.
✔✔What is the transport layer protocol used for HTTPS traffic? - ✔✔TCP
✔✔What port does HTTPS run on? - ✔✔TCP Port 443
✔✔What rides inside of a typical frame? - ✔✔IPv4 Packet
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔How is the TCP/IP model a simplified OSI model (Name the steps)
Ex.
#. TCP Layer (OSI Layer) - ✔✔4. Application (Application, Presentation, Session)
3. Transact (Transport)
2. Network or Internet (Network)
1. Access (Data Link, Physical)
✔✔Each layer of the OSI model encapsulates data by _____________ - ✔✔Adding a
header
✔✔What are the protocol data units (PDUs) for the different layers in the OSI model? -
✔✔Transport -> UDP or TCP
Network -> Packets
Data Link -> Frames
Physical -> Bits
✔✔If TCP protocol is used the new package is called a ________ - ✔✔Segment
✔✔If UDP protocol is used the new package is called a ________ - ✔✔Datagram
✔✔Which layer of the OSI model adds on a header and a footer to the data? - ✔✔Data
Link through frames
✔✔Can frames go outside your network? - ✔✔No.
✔✔Can packets go outside your network? - ✔✔Yes.
✔✔What is a switch and what layer is it? - ✔✔A device that connects all computers on a
network and is part of the data link layer. It can also be layer one
✔✔What address is used on layer two of the OSI model? - ✔✔MAC (Media Access
Control)
✔✔What address is used on layer three of the OSI model? - ✔✔IP (Internetwork
Protocol)
✔✔What is a router and what layer is it? - ✔✔An intelligent connecting device that
examines each packet of data it receives and then decides which way to send it onward
toward its destination. A router is layer 3 but can be also be 2 and 1.
, ✔✔What is DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)? - ✔✔A protocol used to
automate the assignment of IP address.
✔✔What layer is DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)? - ✔✔Application layer
✔✔What layer is ARP? - ✔✔Data Link
✔✔What layer is DNS? - ✔✔Application layer
✔✔How does ARP work? - ✔✔The router will broadcast the IP address across a
network. The MAC address with that IP will say "I have that IP" to get the info.
✔✔Where are the MAC and IP addresses given? - ✔✔MAC: At the factory where is was
created
IP: Assigned by the administrator
✔✔How many bits is an IP address and what is the max number? - ✔✔32 bits long. 255
is the max number because that is 4 bytes
✔✔What port does DNS use? - ✔✔Port 53
✔✔What port does HTTP use? - ✔✔TCP Port 80
✔✔What port does DHCP use? - ✔✔UDP 67, 68
✔✔Which layer four protocol emphasizes accurate delivery over speed? - ✔✔TCP
✔✔Which layer four protocol emphasizes speed over accurate delivery? - ✔✔UDP
✔✔What is a subnet? - ✔✔A group of computers that share an IP address. Routers can
have multiple IP addresses.
✔✔What is a modem? - ✔✔What brings the internet into your home by taking the
analog signal of the internet and converting it into digital that the computer can
understand.
✔✔What is a router? - ✔✔A device that checks each packet of data it receives and then
decides which way to send it onward toward its destination.
✔✔What is the transport layer protocol used for HTTPS traffic? - ✔✔TCP
✔✔What port does HTTPS run on? - ✔✔TCP Port 443
✔✔What rides inside of a typical frame? - ✔✔IPv4 Packet
