ATI Comprehensive Exam Study Guide Questions
1. For cataract extraction surgery, what are the protocols?: -avoid taking aspirin
-use cool compress on eye before calling MD if itchy
-avoid bending at the waist b/c it can raise intraoccular pressure (BEND AT THE KNEES)
-don't lift anything over 10 lbs
2. If a patient 24 hours p/o refuses to ambulate, what should you do first?: -assess pain
-THEN you can educate, turn patient, give PRN analgesic
3. What happens during true labor?: -cervix transitions to anterior position
-contractions felt in low ab and back
-increases w/ ambulation
-cervix thins
4. What are common side effects of amitryptiline (antidepressant)?: -dry mouth and constipation (eat fiber and chew
gum) and BLURRED VISION
-take a night to minimize drowsiness
-lack of ability to sweat->avoid overheating
5. What should you do for diabetes insipidus?: -monitor increase urine output (polyuria->over 4 L/day)
-monitor tachycardia
-orthostatic hypotension
-increased BUN
-monitor for hyperthermia d/t dehydration
6. What should you do to minimize risk of increased ICP?: -place client in quiet environment
,-spread out nursing activities throughout the day
-keep head of bed no more than 25 degrees
7. What should you do for a client who recently got a stoma and can't afford it d/t lack of insurance?: -
arrange for social services
-refer to american cancer society
-refer to support groups
-refer to enterostomal therapist
-DO NOT delay discharge
8. What should you teach for myasthenia gravis patients?: -cut food into small bites and eat slowly (SEMI-SOLID)
-keep HOB elevated 30-60 mins after meal
-weigh self daily
-take anticholinesterase meds 45-60 mins before meals (NOT anticholinergics)
-choose snacks high in calories
-ANNUAL FLU VACCINE->avoid pulmonary disorders b/c compromised resp muscles
9. What should you do for clients who have rheumatoid arthritis and are in pain?: -allow frequent rest
periods throughout the day
-recommend warm showers, not baths to prevent falls
-apply ice to reduce inflammation
-don't do morning ADLs until pain meds are given
-don't take more than 4 g of acetaminophen/day
-encourage high iron, protein and vitamins
10. What should you give a toddler who has infectious gastroenteritis?: -initiate oral rehydration therapy
-DONT give BRAT (bananas, rice, applesauce, toast) diet because it doesn't have electrolytes
, 11. What should you do if the client vomits on a reusable BP cuff?: -send it ott in a labeled bag for
contamination
-DONT throw it away
-rinse in cold water immediately after
-use chlorine bleach to clean blood spills
12. What does petechiae over the chest after a lower leg injury mean?: -at risk for fat embolism syndrome
-PRIORITY FINDING
13. What is important about newborn safety?: -set hot water heater temp at 120 degree F or below
-DONT sleep with blanket
-make sure crib slats are no more than 2.5 in apart
-place baby's car seat rear facing until 2
14. What is within the LVN scope? Assistive personnel?: -LVN: insert NG tube
-AP scope: prepare bed, obtain stool sample
15. What should you instruct the client of a newborn baby regarding motor vehicle safety?: -
place baby at 45 degree angle
-rear facing until 2 year old
-place blanket over baby AFTER harness is set
-secure retainer clip at level of baby's armpit
16. What about a physical assessment is wrong?: -SHOULDNT write detailed notes
17. What are the steps of trach care for a child?: 1. Take out inner cannula
2. Remove soiled dressing
1. For cataract extraction surgery, what are the protocols?: -avoid taking aspirin
-use cool compress on eye before calling MD if itchy
-avoid bending at the waist b/c it can raise intraoccular pressure (BEND AT THE KNEES)
-don't lift anything over 10 lbs
2. If a patient 24 hours p/o refuses to ambulate, what should you do first?: -assess pain
-THEN you can educate, turn patient, give PRN analgesic
3. What happens during true labor?: -cervix transitions to anterior position
-contractions felt in low ab and back
-increases w/ ambulation
-cervix thins
4. What are common side effects of amitryptiline (antidepressant)?: -dry mouth and constipation (eat fiber and chew
gum) and BLURRED VISION
-take a night to minimize drowsiness
-lack of ability to sweat->avoid overheating
5. What should you do for diabetes insipidus?: -monitor increase urine output (polyuria->over 4 L/day)
-monitor tachycardia
-orthostatic hypotension
-increased BUN
-monitor for hyperthermia d/t dehydration
6. What should you do to minimize risk of increased ICP?: -place client in quiet environment
,-spread out nursing activities throughout the day
-keep head of bed no more than 25 degrees
7. What should you do for a client who recently got a stoma and can't afford it d/t lack of insurance?: -
arrange for social services
-refer to american cancer society
-refer to support groups
-refer to enterostomal therapist
-DO NOT delay discharge
8. What should you teach for myasthenia gravis patients?: -cut food into small bites and eat slowly (SEMI-SOLID)
-keep HOB elevated 30-60 mins after meal
-weigh self daily
-take anticholinesterase meds 45-60 mins before meals (NOT anticholinergics)
-choose snacks high in calories
-ANNUAL FLU VACCINE->avoid pulmonary disorders b/c compromised resp muscles
9. What should you do for clients who have rheumatoid arthritis and are in pain?: -allow frequent rest
periods throughout the day
-recommend warm showers, not baths to prevent falls
-apply ice to reduce inflammation
-don't do morning ADLs until pain meds are given
-don't take more than 4 g of acetaminophen/day
-encourage high iron, protein and vitamins
10. What should you give a toddler who has infectious gastroenteritis?: -initiate oral rehydration therapy
-DONT give BRAT (bananas, rice, applesauce, toast) diet because it doesn't have electrolytes
, 11. What should you do if the client vomits on a reusable BP cuff?: -send it ott in a labeled bag for
contamination
-DONT throw it away
-rinse in cold water immediately after
-use chlorine bleach to clean blood spills
12. What does petechiae over the chest after a lower leg injury mean?: -at risk for fat embolism syndrome
-PRIORITY FINDING
13. What is important about newborn safety?: -set hot water heater temp at 120 degree F or below
-DONT sleep with blanket
-make sure crib slats are no more than 2.5 in apart
-place baby's car seat rear facing until 2
14. What is within the LVN scope? Assistive personnel?: -LVN: insert NG tube
-AP scope: prepare bed, obtain stool sample
15. What should you instruct the client of a newborn baby regarding motor vehicle safety?: -
place baby at 45 degree angle
-rear facing until 2 year old
-place blanket over baby AFTER harness is set
-secure retainer clip at level of baby's armpit
16. What about a physical assessment is wrong?: -SHOULDNT write detailed notes
17. What are the steps of trach care for a child?: 1. Take out inner cannula
2. Remove soiled dressing
