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UTMB Advanced Pathophysiology 5355 Module 6.1 Cardiovascular
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Exam with accurate detailed solutions
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Normal function of Nitric Oxide - ✔✔potent vasodilator, anti-inflammatory and anti-
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thrombotic. Normally balanced with endothelin. || || || ||
Normal function of Endothelin - ✔✔Potent vasoconstrictor that raises blood pressure.
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Normally balanced with Nitric oxide.
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cardiomyopathy - ✔✔disease of the heart muscle, can be primary or secondary
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Dilated Cardiomyopathy - ✔✔increase compliance in ventricle, higher volumes but
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decreased contractility ||
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy - ✔✔usually inherited, heart muscle enlarges and thickens
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without obvious cause
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restrictive cardiomyopathy - ✔✔ventricles become stiff and rigid but walls of heart do not
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thicken, ventricles do not relax and fill with normal blood volume
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Arrhythmogenic RV Cardiomyopathy - ✔✔rare type, muscle tissue in R ventricle is
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replaced with fatty/fibrous tissue causing arrhythmias
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How does smoking contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease? - ✔✔Nicotine
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stimulates release of catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine) which are potent
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vasoconstrictors. Increases heart rate and blood pressure, which increase cardiac workload .
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Cigarettes are associated with increased LDL, decrease HDL, and contributes to vessel
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inflammation and thrombosis. generates free radicals. Smoking and Cardiovascular Disease
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UTMB Advanced Pathophysiology 5355 Module 6.1 Cardiovascular
|| || || || || || ||
Exam with accurate detailed solutions
|| || || ||
Normal function of Nitric Oxide - ✔✔potent vasodilator, anti-inflammatory and anti-
|| || || || || || || || || ||
thrombotic. Normally balanced with endothelin. || || || ||
Normal function of Endothelin - ✔✔Potent vasoconstrictor that raises blood pressure.
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
Normally balanced with Nitric oxide.
|| || || ||
cardiomyopathy - ✔✔disease of the heart muscle, can be primary or secondary
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
Dilated Cardiomyopathy - ✔✔increase compliance in ventricle, higher volumes but
|| || || || || || || || || ||
decreased contractility ||
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy - ✔✔usually inherited, heart muscle enlarges and thickens
|| || || || || || || || || ||
without obvious cause
|| ||
restrictive cardiomyopathy - ✔✔ventricles become stiff and rigid but walls of heart do not
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
thicken, ventricles do not relax and fill with normal blood volume
|| || || || || || || || || ||
Arrhythmogenic RV Cardiomyopathy - ✔✔rare type, muscle tissue in R ventricle is
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
replaced with fatty/fibrous tissue causing arrhythmias
|| || || || ||
How does smoking contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease? - ✔✔Nicotine
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
stimulates release of catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine) which are potent
|| || || || || || || || || ||
vasoconstrictors. Increases heart rate and blood pressure, which increase cardiac workload .
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
Cigarettes are associated with increased LDL, decrease HDL, and contributes to vessel
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
inflammation and thrombosis. generates free radicals. Smoking and Cardiovascular Disease
|| || || || || || || || || ||
