NUR 426 Community Health Exam 1 Review: Prevention
Levels, SDOH & Population Care|Complete Questions
with Verified A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026
interventions that are conducted to prevent development of disease or injury in those who are
currently healthy; goal is to promote healthy behaviors (ex. vaccinations, education, hand
hygiene)
What is primary prevention?
interventions that include those aimed at early detection and initiation of treatment for disease,
thus reducing disease-associated morbidity and mortality; early detection of diseases (ex.
screenings like mammograms and colonoscopies as well as laboratory tests)
What is secondary prevention?
prevention of disability and premature death and, when indicated, the initiation of
rehabilitation for those diagnosed with disease; help client get back to baseline or as close to
baseline as possible; prevent secondary complications as result of a disease (ex. rehabilitation,
prevention of pressure injuries)
What is tertiary prevention?
Knowledge deficit, lack of accessibility to healthcare, lack of accessibility to technology and
internet access, inability to afford healthcare
If a client in a rural community is lacking immunizations and has a mild case of pertussis
(whooping cough), what would be that patient's primary problem?
provision of care to persons who have less than six months to live the goal of which is to provide
care and comfort not cure or treatment; if a person has a terminal illness or disease that is no
longer responding to treatment, the person is eligible for hospice care
What is hospice care?
focuses on symptom control and solving functional, physical, or psychological problems to
optimize the client's quality of life, regardless of the amount of time that remains; palliative care
is a key part of hospice care to promote quality of life and keep the client as comfortable as
possible
What is palliative care?
, Upstream thinking focuses on the root of the problem to prevent the problem from occurring in
the first place (such as free medical care for individuals in underserved
communities/populations), more generalized approach; downstream thinking focuses on the
problem at hand and treating an acute problem (like in an acute care setting), more
individualized approach
What is the difference between upstream thinking and downstream thinking?
rehabilitation, treatments/interventions to prevent complications or to keep client's condition
from worsening
What are examples of tertiary prevention?
barriers; resources
Social, financial, environmental, educational, cultural determinants of health are things that
affect the health of an individual in a community. These determinants will be ___ or ___ for an
individual or a community.
the attitudes, knowledge, and skills the health-care provider uses to provide quality care to
culturally diverse populations; requires an understanding and capacity to provide care in a
diverse environment
What is cultural competency?
an understanding that self-awareness about one's own culture is an ongoing process, and an
acknowledgment that we must approach others as equals, with respect for their prevailing
beliefs and cultural norms
What is cultural humility?
using our resources to gain knowledge about the community's culture, values, and beliefs
How can we develop cultural competency for the community that we are caring for?
Create exercise programs for them, give them transportation to healthcare facilities, help them
choose better food choices, help them have more accessibility to health food choices (ex.
farmer's market)
You have a community with an average BMI between 30 and 40. What can you do to help them
with their health issue?
slow position changes; push call light when needing help ambulating; discharge teaching on
how to prevent falls in the home (removal of environmental hazards, lighting, etc.); can move
client closer to nurse's station; use terminology that the client can understand during teaching
(plain language)
Levels, SDOH & Population Care|Complete Questions
with Verified A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026
interventions that are conducted to prevent development of disease or injury in those who are
currently healthy; goal is to promote healthy behaviors (ex. vaccinations, education, hand
hygiene)
What is primary prevention?
interventions that include those aimed at early detection and initiation of treatment for disease,
thus reducing disease-associated morbidity and mortality; early detection of diseases (ex.
screenings like mammograms and colonoscopies as well as laboratory tests)
What is secondary prevention?
prevention of disability and premature death and, when indicated, the initiation of
rehabilitation for those diagnosed with disease; help client get back to baseline or as close to
baseline as possible; prevent secondary complications as result of a disease (ex. rehabilitation,
prevention of pressure injuries)
What is tertiary prevention?
Knowledge deficit, lack of accessibility to healthcare, lack of accessibility to technology and
internet access, inability to afford healthcare
If a client in a rural community is lacking immunizations and has a mild case of pertussis
(whooping cough), what would be that patient's primary problem?
provision of care to persons who have less than six months to live the goal of which is to provide
care and comfort not cure or treatment; if a person has a terminal illness or disease that is no
longer responding to treatment, the person is eligible for hospice care
What is hospice care?
focuses on symptom control and solving functional, physical, or psychological problems to
optimize the client's quality of life, regardless of the amount of time that remains; palliative care
is a key part of hospice care to promote quality of life and keep the client as comfortable as
possible
What is palliative care?
, Upstream thinking focuses on the root of the problem to prevent the problem from occurring in
the first place (such as free medical care for individuals in underserved
communities/populations), more generalized approach; downstream thinking focuses on the
problem at hand and treating an acute problem (like in an acute care setting), more
individualized approach
What is the difference between upstream thinking and downstream thinking?
rehabilitation, treatments/interventions to prevent complications or to keep client's condition
from worsening
What are examples of tertiary prevention?
barriers; resources
Social, financial, environmental, educational, cultural determinants of health are things that
affect the health of an individual in a community. These determinants will be ___ or ___ for an
individual or a community.
the attitudes, knowledge, and skills the health-care provider uses to provide quality care to
culturally diverse populations; requires an understanding and capacity to provide care in a
diverse environment
What is cultural competency?
an understanding that self-awareness about one's own culture is an ongoing process, and an
acknowledgment that we must approach others as equals, with respect for their prevailing
beliefs and cultural norms
What is cultural humility?
using our resources to gain knowledge about the community's culture, values, and beliefs
How can we develop cultural competency for the community that we are caring for?
Create exercise programs for them, give them transportation to healthcare facilities, help them
choose better food choices, help them have more accessibility to health food choices (ex.
farmer's market)
You have a community with an average BMI between 30 and 40. What can you do to help them
with their health issue?
slow position changes; push call light when needing help ambulating; discharge teaching on
how to prevent falls in the home (removal of environmental hazards, lighting, etc.); can move
client closer to nurse's station; use terminology that the client can understand during teaching
(plain language)
