ASU BIO 182 Exam 1 Study Guide: DNA, Chromosomes & Cell Division |Rationales Graded A+ Latest Updated 2026

ASU BIO 182 Exam 1 Study Guide: DNA,
Chromosomes & Cell Division |Rationales
Graded A+ Latest Updated 2026
base pair?

different nuclei types in DNA

what is a gene?

What is the purpose of cell division?

Four events must occur for cell division:
1. Reproductive Signal
-initiate cell division
2. Replication
3. Segregation
4. Cytokinesis

Binary Fission

In prokaryotes, binary fission results 2 new cells.

Why can't

Chromosomes?

wrapped up/ compiled DNA
- made of DNA and proteins.
Nucleosome
Chromatin

Chromatin

uncoiled dna

chromosomes

coiled dna

The molecules that make up a chromosome are _________________ and
__________________.

, B. DNA; proteins

Karyotype

the number, shapes, and sizes of the chromosomes in a cell.

Ploidy

the number of homologous chromosomes in the cell.

Diploid

one set of chromosomes from each parent - two copies of the genome.
- diploid species have matched pairs of chromosomes = homologous chromosomes.

Haploid

the number of chromosomes in a gamete (sperm or egg) only one copy of genome.

Homologous Chromosomes

a pair of chromosomes.

Goal of mitosis

move identical genetic info into 2 new cells.

A diploid cell entering mitosis

- 3 pairs of chromosomes
- 2n = 6

G1 phase

- protein synthesis
- takes about 10 hrs.

G2 Phase

preparation for mitosis.
needs more proteins to mitosis to go.
centrosomes make their way to the north and south pole.

S phase

(DNA synthesis)
- DNA is copied before cell division.
- centrosomes are replicated.