ASU BIO 182 Exam 1 Study Guide: Evolution, Natural
Selection & Scientific Reasoning |Complete Questions
with A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026
Key Point 1
Even the most desperate organisms share some features, suggesting that the single, nine
random process generated diversity.
True or False #1: biodiversity on earth will likely decrease in the near future.
True! Fingerprints of human activity, spread of an invasive species, Rapid change and global
climate, habitat destruction, Deforestation
What are the Three World Views?
1. Natural Evolution - Evolution by natural process2. Theistic Evolution - Evolution guided by
God3. Creation - Species created by God
True or False #3: Scientists believe in Evolution even though they currently lack evidence for the
theory.
False! Based on know mechanisms: Natural Selection, Mutation, and Genetic Drift
Key Point 2
Biologists accept evolutionary theory because its predictions match observations.
True or False #4: Extreme temperatures of 2015 are sufficient evidence to conclude that Earth is
warming.
False! Not enough data to show a trend
Key Point 3
When something varies over space and time, one must compare sufficient samples to quantify
effects accurately.
What does Replicating Observations do?
Increases reliability of pattern.
What does Controling Conditions do?
Isolates effects of certain factors.
, What does randomizing subjects do?
Decreases risk of bias from uncontrolled factors.
What is Creationism and Catastrophism?
All species created in six days, Earth is 6,000 years old, species fixed, extinctions from
catastrophe. Leading Biologist/ Paleontologist who championed this science/theory/belief
Georges Cuvier (1769-1832).
True or False #5: Darwin's worldview when leaving England would best be described as
Creationism.
True! Based on the fact that Creationism was the dominant world view at his place and time and
that he was studying for religious life.
What did Charles Lyell contribute to science in the context of Darwinian Evolution?
Charles Lyell believed in the old earth ideologies and slow and gradual change. (Old Earth
theory - billions and billions of years old)
What do Charles Darwin, Charles Lyell, and Alfred Wallace have in common?
They all believed in natural selection and came up with theories about it.
Key Point 4
Darwin abandoned a theory of Creationism for a theory of evolution that better explained his
observations about life.
True or False #6: Darwin could not have proposed natural selection without abandoning the
idea of creation.
False. Theistic Evolution could have been his world view.
What book did Darwin write?
On the Origin of Species
What are phenotypes?
physical traits
True or False #7: Natural Selection occurs whenever some individuals reproduce more than
others.
False! Not the only element that you need. The offspring has to be similar to parents (heritable).
What are the necessary conditions of Natural Selection?
Selection & Scientific Reasoning |Complete Questions
with A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026
Key Point 1
Even the most desperate organisms share some features, suggesting that the single, nine
random process generated diversity.
True or False #1: biodiversity on earth will likely decrease in the near future.
True! Fingerprints of human activity, spread of an invasive species, Rapid change and global
climate, habitat destruction, Deforestation
What are the Three World Views?
1. Natural Evolution - Evolution by natural process2. Theistic Evolution - Evolution guided by
God3. Creation - Species created by God
True or False #3: Scientists believe in Evolution even though they currently lack evidence for the
theory.
False! Based on know mechanisms: Natural Selection, Mutation, and Genetic Drift
Key Point 2
Biologists accept evolutionary theory because its predictions match observations.
True or False #4: Extreme temperatures of 2015 are sufficient evidence to conclude that Earth is
warming.
False! Not enough data to show a trend
Key Point 3
When something varies over space and time, one must compare sufficient samples to quantify
effects accurately.
What does Replicating Observations do?
Increases reliability of pattern.
What does Controling Conditions do?
Isolates effects of certain factors.
, What does randomizing subjects do?
Decreases risk of bias from uncontrolled factors.
What is Creationism and Catastrophism?
All species created in six days, Earth is 6,000 years old, species fixed, extinctions from
catastrophe. Leading Biologist/ Paleontologist who championed this science/theory/belief
Georges Cuvier (1769-1832).
True or False #5: Darwin's worldview when leaving England would best be described as
Creationism.
True! Based on the fact that Creationism was the dominant world view at his place and time and
that he was studying for religious life.
What did Charles Lyell contribute to science in the context of Darwinian Evolution?
Charles Lyell believed in the old earth ideologies and slow and gradual change. (Old Earth
theory - billions and billions of years old)
What do Charles Darwin, Charles Lyell, and Alfred Wallace have in common?
They all believed in natural selection and came up with theories about it.
Key Point 4
Darwin abandoned a theory of Creationism for a theory of evolution that better explained his
observations about life.
True or False #6: Darwin could not have proposed natural selection without abandoning the
idea of creation.
False. Theistic Evolution could have been his world view.
What book did Darwin write?
On the Origin of Species
What are phenotypes?
physical traits
True or False #7: Natural Selection occurs whenever some individuals reproduce more than
others.
False! Not the only element that you need. The offspring has to be similar to parents (heritable).
What are the necessary conditions of Natural Selection?
