CNRN EXAM WITH VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS|2026
LATEST UPLOAD| GRADED A+
specific condition of small vessels that can lead to lacunar strokes - correct answer-
lipohyalinosis
what is the greatest risk factor for lacunar strokes - correct answer-hypertension
tiny areas of ischemic necrosis caused by occlusion of small penetrating arteries - correct
answer-lacunar strokes
what percentage of ischemic strokes do lacunar strokes account for - correct answer-25%
what are the 5 classic syndromes of lacunar strokes - correct answer-pure motor hemiparesis,
ataxic hemiparesis, dysarthria/clumsy hand syndrome, pure sensory stroke, and mixed
sensorimotor stroke
what is the only non-pain sensitive tissue in the head/brain - correct answer-brain parenchyma
what is the biggest insurmountable obstacle to effective pharmacological treatments for
patients with cluster headaches - correct answer-cigarette smoking
subdural hematomas most commonly result from what? - correct answer-venous bleeding from
the tearing of birding veins
how is the diagnosis of DAI confirmed - correct answer-clinical diagnosis, definitively dx requires
microscopic examination of the brain tissue.
what are classic signs of autonomic dysfunction syndrome and what's the most common
intervention - correct answer-hypertension, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fever---iv morphine
what is the MOST common source of infection leading to brain abscesses? - correct answer-
hematogenous spread from distant infected sites, such as PNA, lung abscess, or bacterial
endocarditis
what group of people have the greatest risk of ICH? - correct answer-patients with unruptured
intracerebral AVM's
what is the most important diagnostic test for the pt having a dull headache, superimposed ice
pick sensations on the scalp, jaw claudication, and elevated ESR? - correct answer-temporal
artery biopsy--r/o giant cell arteritis
,what is a potential complication of a CSF leak in basal skull fx's? - correct answer-the trapping of
portions of the frontal meninges’ b/w the fx edges with a persistent CSF leak requiring surgical
intervention
what is the best way to accomplish external draining of CSF via an EVD? - correct answer-drain a
few drops/minutes and close the drain after 5min or less
what is the Tinel's sign - correct answer-most frequently associated with carpel tunnel, gently
tap or percuss over the injured nerve to elicit a sensation of tingling or "pins and needles" in the
nerve distribution area.
what is the Phalen's sign? - correct answer-maneuver to diagnose carpel tunnel--hands forced
dorsal sides together and wrists flexed to 90deg; positive test causes burning, tingling, or numb
sensation over the thumb, index, middle and ring fingers.
what is the most common cause of Erb's palsy? - correct answer-dystocia or abnormal or
difficult childbirth or labor
what are the most common signs of Erb’s palsy? - correct answer-loss of sensation in the arm
and paralysis and atrophy of the deltoid, biceps, and brachialis muscles.
how is the management of the GI system in a SCI pt initiated in the ED? - correct answer-by
inserting a NGT d/t the high risk of gastric immobility resulting in distention and an ileus.
what is the most common cause of a radial nerve injury - correct answer-humerus fracture
best treatment options for a woman in 3rd trimester of pregnancy with + Tinel's and Phalen's
sign is what? - correct answer-wrist splints and rehab modalities
best way to prevent the development of peroneal nerve palsy in a recently immobilized pt is
what? - correct answer-avoiding pressure to the back of the knees during period when pt is
immobilized
in a recently immobilized pt, they begin to complain of burning on the top of the foot and have
unilateral foot drop. what is this - correct answer-peroneal nerve palsy
what is the major difference b/w subdural hematoma and subdural hygroma - correct answer-
subdural hematoma is blood, and subdural hygroma is CSF
ideal treatment for low serum Na level is what? - correct answer-slow normalization w/ 3%
saline and lasix to prevent central pontine myelinolysis
what is a common alternative approach to preventing the s/s of carpel tunnel syndrome? -
correct answer-yoga
, pain upon straight leg raising
in a multi trauma patient may indicate what? - correct answer-herniated nucleus pulposus
severe sharp pain with passive hip flexion may indicated what? - correct answer-hip fracture
one MOST important discharge education piece to include to parents taking home a baby with
Erb's palsy is what? - correct answer-PROM exercises for the affected arm
trauma pts being dc'd home following frontal bone fractures need education to avoid... - correct
answer-Food poisoning
anosmia - correct answer-the inability to perceive odor or a lack of functioning olfaction
Battle's sign - correct answer-ecchymosis over the temporal bones--develops typically 12-24hrs
following the basal skull fracture
advised to avoid glucose-containing IVF in pts with TBI b/c it can contribute to... - correct
answer-neurotoxic acidosis
characteristic finding on EEG in a patient experiencing "staring spells" - correct answer-irregular
2.5Hz or less spike-wave pattern
the MOST common reason people with MS stop working is... - correct answer-cognitive
impairment affects 60% of people with MS
what is a disadvantage to gamma-knife tx for malignant brain tumors? - correct answer-it's
unable to detect malig cells that may have infiltrated into surrounding normal tissues
the few/main type of primary malignant brain tumor responsive to chemo is what? - correct
answer-oligodendryglioma
the incidence of medulloblastoma increases or decreases with age? - correct answer-decreases,
unlike most other malig and benign tumors that increase with age
why should pts taking methotrexate avoid ASA and NSAIDs? - correct answer-they increase
serum concentration levels of methotrexate, increasing its 1/2 life, and therefore risking toxicity
neurofibromatosis is inherited how? - correct answer-autosomal dominant fashion, but as many
as 1/3 are spontaneous mutations
which tumor will most likely present bitemporal hemianopia? - correct answer-pituitary
adenoma
LATEST UPLOAD| GRADED A+
specific condition of small vessels that can lead to lacunar strokes - correct answer-
lipohyalinosis
what is the greatest risk factor for lacunar strokes - correct answer-hypertension
tiny areas of ischemic necrosis caused by occlusion of small penetrating arteries - correct
answer-lacunar strokes
what percentage of ischemic strokes do lacunar strokes account for - correct answer-25%
what are the 5 classic syndromes of lacunar strokes - correct answer-pure motor hemiparesis,
ataxic hemiparesis, dysarthria/clumsy hand syndrome, pure sensory stroke, and mixed
sensorimotor stroke
what is the only non-pain sensitive tissue in the head/brain - correct answer-brain parenchyma
what is the biggest insurmountable obstacle to effective pharmacological treatments for
patients with cluster headaches - correct answer-cigarette smoking
subdural hematomas most commonly result from what? - correct answer-venous bleeding from
the tearing of birding veins
how is the diagnosis of DAI confirmed - correct answer-clinical diagnosis, definitively dx requires
microscopic examination of the brain tissue.
what are classic signs of autonomic dysfunction syndrome and what's the most common
intervention - correct answer-hypertension, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fever---iv morphine
what is the MOST common source of infection leading to brain abscesses? - correct answer-
hematogenous spread from distant infected sites, such as PNA, lung abscess, or bacterial
endocarditis
what group of people have the greatest risk of ICH? - correct answer-patients with unruptured
intracerebral AVM's
what is the most important diagnostic test for the pt having a dull headache, superimposed ice
pick sensations on the scalp, jaw claudication, and elevated ESR? - correct answer-temporal
artery biopsy--r/o giant cell arteritis
,what is a potential complication of a CSF leak in basal skull fx's? - correct answer-the trapping of
portions of the frontal meninges’ b/w the fx edges with a persistent CSF leak requiring surgical
intervention
what is the best way to accomplish external draining of CSF via an EVD? - correct answer-drain a
few drops/minutes and close the drain after 5min or less
what is the Tinel's sign - correct answer-most frequently associated with carpel tunnel, gently
tap or percuss over the injured nerve to elicit a sensation of tingling or "pins and needles" in the
nerve distribution area.
what is the Phalen's sign? - correct answer-maneuver to diagnose carpel tunnel--hands forced
dorsal sides together and wrists flexed to 90deg; positive test causes burning, tingling, or numb
sensation over the thumb, index, middle and ring fingers.
what is the most common cause of Erb's palsy? - correct answer-dystocia or abnormal or
difficult childbirth or labor
what are the most common signs of Erb’s palsy? - correct answer-loss of sensation in the arm
and paralysis and atrophy of the deltoid, biceps, and brachialis muscles.
how is the management of the GI system in a SCI pt initiated in the ED? - correct answer-by
inserting a NGT d/t the high risk of gastric immobility resulting in distention and an ileus.
what is the most common cause of a radial nerve injury - correct answer-humerus fracture
best treatment options for a woman in 3rd trimester of pregnancy with + Tinel's and Phalen's
sign is what? - correct answer-wrist splints and rehab modalities
best way to prevent the development of peroneal nerve palsy in a recently immobilized pt is
what? - correct answer-avoiding pressure to the back of the knees during period when pt is
immobilized
in a recently immobilized pt, they begin to complain of burning on the top of the foot and have
unilateral foot drop. what is this - correct answer-peroneal nerve palsy
what is the major difference b/w subdural hematoma and subdural hygroma - correct answer-
subdural hematoma is blood, and subdural hygroma is CSF
ideal treatment for low serum Na level is what? - correct answer-slow normalization w/ 3%
saline and lasix to prevent central pontine myelinolysis
what is a common alternative approach to preventing the s/s of carpel tunnel syndrome? -
correct answer-yoga
, pain upon straight leg raising
in a multi trauma patient may indicate what? - correct answer-herniated nucleus pulposus
severe sharp pain with passive hip flexion may indicated what? - correct answer-hip fracture
one MOST important discharge education piece to include to parents taking home a baby with
Erb's palsy is what? - correct answer-PROM exercises for the affected arm
trauma pts being dc'd home following frontal bone fractures need education to avoid... - correct
answer-Food poisoning
anosmia - correct answer-the inability to perceive odor or a lack of functioning olfaction
Battle's sign - correct answer-ecchymosis over the temporal bones--develops typically 12-24hrs
following the basal skull fracture
advised to avoid glucose-containing IVF in pts with TBI b/c it can contribute to... - correct
answer-neurotoxic acidosis
characteristic finding on EEG in a patient experiencing "staring spells" - correct answer-irregular
2.5Hz or less spike-wave pattern
the MOST common reason people with MS stop working is... - correct answer-cognitive
impairment affects 60% of people with MS
what is a disadvantage to gamma-knife tx for malignant brain tumors? - correct answer-it's
unable to detect malig cells that may have infiltrated into surrounding normal tissues
the few/main type of primary malignant brain tumor responsive to chemo is what? - correct
answer-oligodendryglioma
the incidence of medulloblastoma increases or decreases with age? - correct answer-decreases,
unlike most other malig and benign tumors that increase with age
why should pts taking methotrexate avoid ASA and NSAIDs? - correct answer-they increase
serum concentration levels of methotrexate, increasing its 1/2 life, and therefore risking toxicity
neurofibromatosis is inherited how? - correct answer-autosomal dominant fashion, but as many
as 1/3 are spontaneous mutations
which tumor will most likely present bitemporal hemianopia? - correct answer-pituitary
adenoma
