NFS 5240 Exam 2 Lecture 7 recap questions with accurate detailed answers

2



NFS 5240 Exam 2 Lecture 7 recap questions with accurate detailed
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answers


nutrient biomarkers serve as - ✔✔-markets for nutrient intake
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-markers for nutrition status when nutrient intakes are affected by other physiological
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factors in addition to intake (ex., iron, VitaminD)
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nutrient biomarkers ALSO serve as - ✔✔-markers of adherence in dietary intervention
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studies

-for validating instruments used to measure dietary intake
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finally, nutrient biomarkers serve to - ✔✔provide valuable info when nutrient intake is
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difficult to measure (incomplete food composition data, large within food variation)
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nutrient biomarkers need to be - ✔✔-sensitive to intakes
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-need knowledge about the metabolic pathways of the nutrients (saturation= plateau,
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excretion, tissue storage and blood levels)
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Bioavaliability - ✔✔the extent to which the body can absorb and use a nutrient
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Bioavaliability of nutrient biomarkers - ✔✔to what extent of dietary fiber and trace
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minerals can a person absorb || || || ||




time integration of nutrient biomarkers - ✔✔short term vs long term dietary intake
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, 2


Specificty - ✔✔can be considered as the percentage of times a test will correctly identify a
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negative test result. The fraction of those without disease who will have a negative test
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result.



specificity of nutrient biomarkers - ✔✔blood levels of nutrient may be related to intake of
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other nutrients (blood folate levels reflect not only fruit and vegetable intake, but also grain
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and cereal intake)
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non dietary determinants of biomarkers - ✔✔-genetic
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-Enviormental ||




-lifestyle



theres a reverse relationship between dietary intake and_____ - ✔✔diseases (low
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biomarkers yield the results of the diseases, not the causes)
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biomarker measurements - ✔✔allow clinicians to offer accurate diagnosis and prognosis-
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mammograms, PSA (elevated=negative biopsies) || || ||




types of biomarker measurements - ✔✔-nutrient assays
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-functional assays ||




-tolerance tests ||




what are functional assays? - ✔✔-nutrient specific enzymes
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- such as erythrocyte glutathione reductase= biomarker for selenium status
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-some pathways are affected by many nutrient intakes (e.g., megaloblastic anemia= folate
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and vitamin B12 deficiencies)
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-sample storage condition is important for functional assays
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