NUR 334 Pharmacology I Modules 7 and 8 Exam 4 with verified detailed answers (Reproductive, GI, Musculoskeletal)

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NUR 334 Pharmacology I Modules 7 and 8 Exam 4 with verified detailed
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answers (Reproductive, GI, Musculoskeletal)
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Medroxyprogesterone (Depo-Provera, Depo-SubQ Provera) - ✔✔Medications to treat || || || || || || || ||




dysfunctional uterine bleeding || ||




Oxytocin (Pitocin) - ✔✔Uterine stimulant
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Terbutaline (Beta 2 Adrenergic agonist) - ✔✔Uterine relaxant
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mifepristone (Mifeprex) - ✔✔Abortifacients (pharmacologic abortion)
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levonorgestrel (Plan B) - ✔✔Emergency contraception || || || || ||




testosterone - ✔✔Prototype for androgens || || || ||




Sildenafil (Viagra: PDE-5 inhibitor) - ✔✔Prototype for erectile dysfunction
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finasteride (Proscar: 5-alpha reductase inhibitor); tamsulosin (Flomax: alpha 1 adrenergic
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receptor antagonist) - ✔✔Prototypes for benign prostatic hyperplasia
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Estradiol, Norethindrone - ✔✔estrogen contraceptives
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Monophasic contraceptives - ✔✔provide a fixed concentration of hormones throughout the
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entire cycle with a "pill-free period" for a week during use of the pill
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Biphasic contraceptives - ✔✔Fixed estrogen dosed combined with a low progesterin dose
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for the first 10 days and a higher dose for the rest of the cycle. Available in 21 or 28 day
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packages



Triphasic contraceptives - ✔✔contains three different doses of hormones in the pill that
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changes each week throughout the cycle || || || || ||




preventing pregnancy; when an appropriate combination of estrogen and progestin is in the
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bloodstream, release of FSH and LH is inhibited, thus preventing ovulation -
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✔✔Mechanism of action of estradiol and norethindrone || || || || || ||




hypertension, thromboembolic disorders - ✔✔Adverse effects of estradiol and || || || || || || || || ||




norethindrone



cigarette smoking, coronary artery disease, stroke, thromboembolic disorders, breast cancer
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or any estrogen-fed cancer, history of jaundice with oral contraceptive use or pregnancy,
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liver tumors, known or suspected pregnancy - ✔✔Contraindications of estradiol and
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norethindrone



tranexamic acid (increased risk for thromboembolic events); rifampin, some antibiotics,
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barbiturates, anticonvulsants, protease inhibitors, antifungals (decrease effectiveness of
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contraceptives); warfarin, heparin, certain other anticoagulants have decreased effectiveness
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due to contraceptives - ✔✔Drug interactions with estradiol and norethindrone
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mood disturbances, depression, irritability, insomnia, hot flashes, irregular menstrual
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cycles, headaches - ✔✔Symptoms of early menopause
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vaginal atrophy, increased infections, painful intercourse, skin atrophy, stress urinary
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incontinence, sexual disinterest - ✔✔Symptoms of midmenopause || || || || || ||

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cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, Alzheimer's-like dementia, colon cancer - || || || || || || || ||




✔✔Symptoms of postmenopause || ||




treat moderate to severe symptoms of menopause caused by diminished secretion of
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estrogen by the ovaries - ✔✔Mechanism of action for conjugated estrogens
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nausea, breast tenderness, weight gain, breakthrough bleeding, fatigue, skin rash, acne,
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breast fullness, dysmenorrhea, etc. - ✔✔Side effects of estradiol and norethindrone
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nausea, fluid retention, edema, breast tenderness, abdominal cramps, bloating, appetite
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changes, acne, mental depression, decreased libido, headache, fatigue, nervousness, weight
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gain, acute pancreatitis - ✔✔Side effects of conjugated estrogens
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increased risk for breast cancer, endometrial cancer, stroke, deep vein thrombosis,
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myocardial infarction, pulmonary emboli, dementia - ✔✔Adverse effects of conjugated
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estrogens



pregnancy (category X); known or suspected estrogen-based cancers (such as breast cancer);
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history of thromboembolic disease, lipid disorders, liver disease, abnormal uterine bleeding
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- ✔✔Contraindications for conjugated estrogens
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decreases effect of tamoxifen; enhances corticosteroid effects; decreases effects of
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anticoagulants (especially warfarin); effects of estrogen may be decreased if taken with
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barbiturates or rifampin; possible increased effect of tricyclic antidepressants; estrogen
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effect may increase with azole antifungals, diltiazem, or statins. - ✔✔Drug interactions with
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conjugated estrogens
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inhibits the effects of estrogen on the uterus, thereby restoring normal hormonal balance -
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✔✔Mechanism of action for medroxyprogesterone || || || ||