Egan’s Chapter 46 Test Bank – Positive vs Negative Pressure Ventilation (PPV vs NPV)|Complete Questions with Verified A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026

Egan’s Chapter 46 Test Bank – Positive vs Negative
Pressure Ventilation (PPV vs NPV)|Complete Questions
with Verified A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026
ANS: C

In which of the following types of ventilation is alveolar expansion during inspiration due to a
decrease in pleural pressure?
1. Positive-pressure ventilation (PPV)
2. Negative-pressure ventilation (NPV)
3. Spontaneous ventilation
a. 1 and 2 only
b. 1 and 3 only
c. 2 and 3 only
d. 1, 2, and 3

ANS: B

Which of the following statements are true about negative-pressure ventilation (NPV)?
1. NPV is similar to spontaneous breathing.
2. Airway (mouth) pressure during NPV is zero.
3. Expiration during NPV is by passive recoil.
4. NPV decreases pressure at the body surface.
a. 2 and 4 only
b. 1, 2, 3, and 4
c. 3 and 4 only
d. 1, 3, and 4 only

ANS: C

In which of the following types of ventilation is alveolar expansion during inspiration due to an
increase in alveolar pressure?
1. Negative-pressure ventilation
2. Positive-pressure ventilation
3. Spontaneous ventilation
a. 1 and 2 only
b. 2 and 3 only
c. 2 only
d. 1, 2, and 3

,ANS: D

Which of the following occur with positive-pressure ventilation (PPV)?
1. During inspiration, pleural pressure decreases.
2. During inspiration, pressure in the alveoli increases.
3. The pressure gradients of normal breathing are reversed.
4. During inspiration, alveolar pressure exceeds pleural pressure.
a. 1 and 3 only
b. 1, 2, and 3 only
c. 3 and 4 only
d. 2, 3, and 4 only

ANS: D

In which of the following types of ventilation can pleural pressure become positive during
inspiration?
1. Positive-pressure ventilation
2. Spontaneous ventilation
3. Negative-pressure ventilation
a. 2 and 3 only
b. 1 and 2 only
c. 1, 2, and 3
d. 1 only

ANS: B

Which of the following conditions is associated with a lack of response to increased FiO2 in
patients receiving positive-pressure ventilation?
a. Dead space
b. Shunt
c. Hypoxemia
d. Hypoventilation

ANS: B

Which of the following strategies are useful in the management of shunt?
1. Positive end expiratory pressure
2. Permissive hypercapnia
3. Control of membrane permeability
a. 2 and 3 only
b. 1 and 3 only

, c. 1, 2, and 3
d. 1 only

ANS: B

Administration of positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) or continuous positive airway
pressure (CPAP) is associated with which of the following benefits?
1. Helps maintain open alveoli.
2. Helps with alveoli stability.
3. Helps maintain fluid-filled alveoli open.
4. Ensures surfactant-depleted alveoli remain closed.
a. 1 and 3 only
b. 1, 2, and 3 only
c. 3 and 4 only
d. 2, 3, and 4 only

ANS: B

Which of the following is considered a normal spontaneous tidal volume?
a. 3 to 5 ml/kg
b. 5 to 7 ml/kg
c. 7 to 9 ml/kg
d. 10 to 12 ml/kg

ANS: A

Which of the following is the recommended tidal volume for mechanical ventilation in a patient
with ARDS who is in acute respiratory failure?
a. 4 to 8 ml/kg
b. 3 to 5 ml/kg
c. 6 to 10 ml/kg
d. 10 to 12 ml/kg

ANS: D

Which of the following conditions may require higher initial respiratory rates?
1. Metabolic alkalosis
2. ARDS
3. Increased intracranial pressure
4. Metabolic acidosis
a. 1 and 3 only
b. 1, 2, and 3 only