Pulmonary ROSH Review Exam ||Verified Exam!!!||
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What accounts for up to 90% of all transudative pleural
effusions? - Answer-CHF!
What diagnostic criteria is used in Light's criteria? -
Answer-ASSESS PLEURAL EFFUSION (transudative vs
exudative)
Serum Protein
Pleural fluid lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
used to distinguish between transudative and exudative
pleural effusions.
Pleural:Serum Protein --> <.5 = transudate
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Pleural:Serum LDH --> <.6 = transudate
Pleural Fluid LDH --> <2/3 upper limit of normal =
transudate
What presents with depressed level of consciousness with
unilateral focal/patchy consolidations in dependent
segments of lungs?
Tx? - Answer-Aspiration Pneumonitis
Where stroke patients or those with altered level of
consciousness via drugs etc can aspirate large amounts of
gastric contents causing inflammatory chemical injury and
can lead to aspiration pneumonia!
Tx:
Prophylactic antibiotics NOT recommended
What presents with symptoms of pneumonia (increased
productive cough, fever, chills, malaise, dyspnea) with
otalgia and bullous myringitis?
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Tx? - Answer-Strep Pneumo Pneumonia!
ALSO indicates Mycoplasma Pneumonia
bullous myringitis--> bullae filled with blood forms on the
TM and burst with effusing blood --> most commonly seen
with strep pneumo
Tx:
Antibiotics aimed at strep pneumo ( Macrolide)-->
Clarithromycin or Azithromycin
What is Sampter's triad? - Answer-Asthma
Nasal polyps
Allergy to aspirin.
What presents with HIV patient with fever, gradual onset of
nonproductive cough, CD4 count <200, increased LDH?
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Dx and Tx? - Answer-Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP)
Opportunistic FUNGAL infection
Can have oral candidiasis and weight loss on presentation
as well
Organism:
Pneumocystis Jirovecii
Occurs in immunocompromised patients : HIV or post
transplant
Dx:
Chest Xray:
Bat wing appearance (bilateral interstitial infiltrates)
Tx:
IV Bactrim!
Steroids if Po2 <70 or Alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient
<35 mm Hg