NUR445 Exam 1 (Ferguson) Questions and Answers| New Update with 100% Correct Answers
what do patients remember about the critical care unit? difficulty communicating
pain
thirst
difficulty swallowing
anxiety
lack of control
fear
depression
lack of family
feelings of dread
discomfort
difficulty swallowing
biggest problem in the critical care unit pain
how do we reduce stimulus for patients to get better sleep dim the lights and minimize
noise, BUT NEVER TURN OFF THE ALARMS
how do we support patients promote safety
reduce sleep deprivation
reduce noise sensory overload
increase pleasant sensory output
reorient patient
what is bundling care? giving all interventions and meds at one time to promote patient
sleep
,what does the family need when their loved one is in the ICU reassurance
contact with patient (unless it harms patient)
information and updates
support
visitation
involvement in care
how do we handle end of life care involving patient's family be honest and upfront with
them. no sugar coating!! make sure they know the absolutes and exactly what is happening!
reassure them they are NOT killing their family member by pulling the plug
this is the only option, there is nothing else we can do
what is an advanced directive a written statement of a person's wishes regarding medical
treatment, often including a living will, made to ensure those wishes are carried out should the
person be unable to communicate them to a doctor
true or false: a DNR has to be ordered for every admission, even if the person was just
discharged true!
if a patient is admitted to the unit, they MUST have a new code order for every admission
what is comfort care care interventions that treat discomforts towards the end of life, but
not do not provide relief from a disease
medications included in comfort care narcotics, other pain relievers
,medications to treat dyspnea, nausea, vomiting, fever, edema, delirium, metabolic problems
brain death a diagnosis of death based on the cessation of all signs of brain activity, as
measured by electrical brain waves
cardiac death death in which the heart has stopped functioning
can the family be present in a code? yes. it might be better for the family to see how serious
the patient condition is
make sure they are out of the way
post-mortem care care given to the body immediately after death
wait until body is released by coroner. clean the room and clear out unnecessary supplies
stage 1 -> alarm body becomes aware of the stressor and begins to react
this reaction can be conscious or unconscious
stage 2 -> resistance present stressor kicks the response into overdrive
stage 3 -> exhaustion If stressor continues beyond body's capacity, organism exhausts
resources and becomes susceptible to disease and death
stress activates the sympathetic nervous system
, the sympathetic nervous system activates hypothalamus, cerebral cortex, and limbic system
the hypothalamus activates autonomic nervous system and endocrine system
SNS: affects of the combination of release of norepinephrine and epinephrine
*vasoconstriction* which causes...
increased blood pressure, pallor, increased sweat, goosebumps, pupil dilation, decreased GFR,
nausea, stress ulcers
how do we prevent stress ulcers in patients proton pump inhibitors
SNS: affects of *only* epinephrine bronchodilation, increased CO, increased BP, more alert,
increased muscle tone, increased muscle function, increased glucose
why does bronchodilation occur in stress? we need more oxygen to help maintain body
function
why does epinephrine cause increased cardiac output and BP epic makes ventricles squeeze
harder and push more blood out into the body which increases the CO and BP
glycogenolysis liver hydrolyzes glycogen into glucose as needed
gluconeogenesis formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources
cortisol stress hormone
is cortisol good? yes :)
what do patients remember about the critical care unit? difficulty communicating
pain
thirst
difficulty swallowing
anxiety
lack of control
fear
depression
lack of family
feelings of dread
discomfort
difficulty swallowing
biggest problem in the critical care unit pain
how do we reduce stimulus for patients to get better sleep dim the lights and minimize
noise, BUT NEVER TURN OFF THE ALARMS
how do we support patients promote safety
reduce sleep deprivation
reduce noise sensory overload
increase pleasant sensory output
reorient patient
what is bundling care? giving all interventions and meds at one time to promote patient
sleep
,what does the family need when their loved one is in the ICU reassurance
contact with patient (unless it harms patient)
information and updates
support
visitation
involvement in care
how do we handle end of life care involving patient's family be honest and upfront with
them. no sugar coating!! make sure they know the absolutes and exactly what is happening!
reassure them they are NOT killing their family member by pulling the plug
this is the only option, there is nothing else we can do
what is an advanced directive a written statement of a person's wishes regarding medical
treatment, often including a living will, made to ensure those wishes are carried out should the
person be unable to communicate them to a doctor
true or false: a DNR has to be ordered for every admission, even if the person was just
discharged true!
if a patient is admitted to the unit, they MUST have a new code order for every admission
what is comfort care care interventions that treat discomforts towards the end of life, but
not do not provide relief from a disease
medications included in comfort care narcotics, other pain relievers
,medications to treat dyspnea, nausea, vomiting, fever, edema, delirium, metabolic problems
brain death a diagnosis of death based on the cessation of all signs of brain activity, as
measured by electrical brain waves
cardiac death death in which the heart has stopped functioning
can the family be present in a code? yes. it might be better for the family to see how serious
the patient condition is
make sure they are out of the way
post-mortem care care given to the body immediately after death
wait until body is released by coroner. clean the room and clear out unnecessary supplies
stage 1 -> alarm body becomes aware of the stressor and begins to react
this reaction can be conscious or unconscious
stage 2 -> resistance present stressor kicks the response into overdrive
stage 3 -> exhaustion If stressor continues beyond body's capacity, organism exhausts
resources and becomes susceptible to disease and death
stress activates the sympathetic nervous system
, the sympathetic nervous system activates hypothalamus, cerebral cortex, and limbic system
the hypothalamus activates autonomic nervous system and endocrine system
SNS: affects of the combination of release of norepinephrine and epinephrine
*vasoconstriction* which causes...
increased blood pressure, pallor, increased sweat, goosebumps, pupil dilation, decreased GFR,
nausea, stress ulcers
how do we prevent stress ulcers in patients proton pump inhibitors
SNS: affects of *only* epinephrine bronchodilation, increased CO, increased BP, more alert,
increased muscle tone, increased muscle function, increased glucose
why does bronchodilation occur in stress? we need more oxygen to help maintain body
function
why does epinephrine cause increased cardiac output and BP epic makes ventricles squeeze
harder and push more blood out into the body which increases the CO and BP
glycogenolysis liver hydrolyzes glycogen into glucose as needed
gluconeogenesis formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources
cortisol stress hormone
is cortisol good? yes :)
