Biology Lab Midterm - PRCC Burge
Exam Questions And Answers
/.Steps to the scientific method - Answer-✅Problem, hypothesis, procedure, results,
conclusion
/.Explain the steps to the scientific method - Answer-✅Problem - Make new
observation, questions concerning this observation are the PROBLEM
Hypothesis - testable statement based on research, an educated guess
Procedure - Test your hypothesis using deductive reasoning, uses test groups &
variables
Results - what happened in the experiment?
Conclusion - Analysis of what happened, hypothesis is supported or rejected.
/.Identify control group and why are they important - Answer-✅The group that does not
receive the experimental treatment - serves as a baseline for comparison, helps
determine if the treatment caused any observed effects
/.Identify independent variable, dependent variables, and controlled variables - Answer-
✅Independent - What is being changed/manipulated
Dependent - What's being measured
Controlled - What stays the same throughout
/.What is a theory? - Answer-✅A hypothesis that has been repeatedly tested and
supported
/.Look over the scientific method lab report and review questions & lab notes - Answer-
✅do that!
/.pH is a measurement of what? - Answer-✅- a measure of the acidity of a solution,
ranging in value from zero (most acidic) to fourteen (most basic)
/.difference between acids and bases? - Answer-✅- Acids have HIGH concentration of
H+, bases have a LOW concentration of H+
- Bases produce OH- ions
- Acids are 0 - 6.9 pH
- Bases / Alkaline are 7.1 - 14
- Neutral is 7.0
BASICALLY:
More H+ = stronger ACID = LOWER pH, fewer H+
, More OH- = stronger BASE = HIGHER pH
/.difference between red and blue litmus paper? what do they test for? how do they
react in an acid? a base? - Answer-✅- red litmus paper turns BLUE in presence of a
BASE, doesn't change w/ neutral or acid
- blue turns RED in presence of an ACID, no change w/ neutral or base
/.how does neutral litmus paper react to an acid? a base? a neutral? - Answer-✅- turns
RED with an ACID
- turns BLUE with a BASE
- neutral does NOT change with a neutral (stays purple-ish color)
/.how does pH paper (yellow paper) react to different solutions? - Answer-✅- compare
the color it turns to the pH scale to determine the pH value of the substance
- gives specific pH measurement (unlike litmus paper)
- RED for most acidic, to dark BLUE/PURPLE for most alkaline, GREEN is neutral
/.What is a buffer? - Answer-✅mixture of a weak acid and a weak base that can
combine with a strong acid or base to limit changes in pH
- pH increases, buffer will release H+ to decrease pH to normal range
- pH decreases, buffer absorbs H+
/.What was the neutral substance in the pH lab experiment? - Answer-✅Distilled water
/.Review those notes for the pH stuff - Answer-✅do it....do it.....
/.Know what a compound microscope is - that are invisible to the Answer-✅same
microscope we've been using:
an optical instrument that uses two or more sets of lenses to achieve high magnification,
allowing users to view extremely small objects naked eye
/.Parts of a compound microscope & their functions - Answer-✅Ocular - what you look
through
Revolving nose piece - Rotated to change one objective to another
Objectives - Lens that are closest to the specimen
4x - scanning
10x - low power
40x - high power
100x - oil immersion
Stage clips - hold slide in place
Diaphragm and lever - under stage; control light amount
Body tube - Metal casing through which light passes into ocular
Arm - Connects base to ocular
Stage - Where the specimen's placed
Exam Questions And Answers
/.Steps to the scientific method - Answer-✅Problem, hypothesis, procedure, results,
conclusion
/.Explain the steps to the scientific method - Answer-✅Problem - Make new
observation, questions concerning this observation are the PROBLEM
Hypothesis - testable statement based on research, an educated guess
Procedure - Test your hypothesis using deductive reasoning, uses test groups &
variables
Results - what happened in the experiment?
Conclusion - Analysis of what happened, hypothesis is supported or rejected.
/.Identify control group and why are they important - Answer-✅The group that does not
receive the experimental treatment - serves as a baseline for comparison, helps
determine if the treatment caused any observed effects
/.Identify independent variable, dependent variables, and controlled variables - Answer-
✅Independent - What is being changed/manipulated
Dependent - What's being measured
Controlled - What stays the same throughout
/.What is a theory? - Answer-✅A hypothesis that has been repeatedly tested and
supported
/.Look over the scientific method lab report and review questions & lab notes - Answer-
✅do that!
/.pH is a measurement of what? - Answer-✅- a measure of the acidity of a solution,
ranging in value from zero (most acidic) to fourteen (most basic)
/.difference between acids and bases? - Answer-✅- Acids have HIGH concentration of
H+, bases have a LOW concentration of H+
- Bases produce OH- ions
- Acids are 0 - 6.9 pH
- Bases / Alkaline are 7.1 - 14
- Neutral is 7.0
BASICALLY:
More H+ = stronger ACID = LOWER pH, fewer H+
, More OH- = stronger BASE = HIGHER pH
/.difference between red and blue litmus paper? what do they test for? how do they
react in an acid? a base? - Answer-✅- red litmus paper turns BLUE in presence of a
BASE, doesn't change w/ neutral or acid
- blue turns RED in presence of an ACID, no change w/ neutral or base
/.how does neutral litmus paper react to an acid? a base? a neutral? - Answer-✅- turns
RED with an ACID
- turns BLUE with a BASE
- neutral does NOT change with a neutral (stays purple-ish color)
/.how does pH paper (yellow paper) react to different solutions? - Answer-✅- compare
the color it turns to the pH scale to determine the pH value of the substance
- gives specific pH measurement (unlike litmus paper)
- RED for most acidic, to dark BLUE/PURPLE for most alkaline, GREEN is neutral
/.What is a buffer? - Answer-✅mixture of a weak acid and a weak base that can
combine with a strong acid or base to limit changes in pH
- pH increases, buffer will release H+ to decrease pH to normal range
- pH decreases, buffer absorbs H+
/.What was the neutral substance in the pH lab experiment? - Answer-✅Distilled water
/.Review those notes for the pH stuff - Answer-✅do it....do it.....
/.Know what a compound microscope is - that are invisible to the Answer-✅same
microscope we've been using:
an optical instrument that uses two or more sets of lenses to achieve high magnification,
allowing users to view extremely small objects naked eye
/.Parts of a compound microscope & their functions - Answer-✅Ocular - what you look
through
Revolving nose piece - Rotated to change one objective to another
Objectives - Lens that are closest to the specimen
4x - scanning
10x - low power
40x - high power
100x - oil immersion
Stage clips - hold slide in place
Diaphragm and lever - under stage; control light amount
Body tube - Metal casing through which light passes into ocular
Arm - Connects base to ocular
Stage - Where the specimen's placed
