HEMATOLOGICAL MEDICATIONS: NCLEX
REVIEW PHARMACOLOGY EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS LATEST
UPDATE WITH RATIONALES
A client with a subarachnoid hemorrhage needs to have surgery delayed until a
stable clinical condition is achieved. The nurse prepares to administer which
medication as prescribed to prevent clot breakdown and dissolution?
1. Alteplase (Activase)
2. Warfarin (Coumadin)
3. Heparin sodium (Heparin)
4. Aminocaproic acid (Amicar) --ANSWER--4. Aminocaproic acid (Amicar)
Aminocaproic acid (Amicar) is an antifibrinolytic agent that prevents clot
breakdown or dissolution. It is commonly prescribed after subarachnoid
hemorrhage if surgery is delayed or contraindicated, to prevent further
hemorrhage. Alteplase is a fibrinolytic that actively breaks down clots. Warfarin
and heparin sodium are anticoagulants that interfere with propagation or growth
of a clot.
A client is taking ticlopidine hydrochloride (Ticlid). The nurse should tell the
client to avoid which substance while taking this medication?
Page 1 of 33
,1. Vitamin C
2. Vitamin D
3. Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
4. Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) --ANSWER--4. Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)
Ticlopidine hydrochloride is a platelet aggregation inhibitor. It is used to
decrease the risk of thrombotic stroke in clients with precursor symptoms.
Because it is an antiplatelet agent, other medications that precipitate or
aggravate bleeding should be avoided during its use. Therefore, aspirin or any
aspirin-containing product should be avoided. The substances in options 1, 2,
and 3 are safe to consume.
A client is admitted to the hospital emergency department with an acute anterior
wall myocardial infarction. The nurse discusses streptokinase (Streptase)
therapy with the client and spouse. The spouse is concerned about the dangers
of this treatment. Which statement by the nurse is appropriate?
1. "There is no reason to worry. We use this medication all the time."
2. "I'm certain you made the correct decision to use this medication."
3. "You have concerns about whether this treatment is the best option."
4. "Your loved one is very ill. The health care provider has made the best
decision for you." --ANSWER--3. "You have concerns about whether this
treatment is the best option."
Page 2 of 33
,Paraphrasing is restating the client's or family members' own words. This allows
the client and family members to express their concerns and talk through the
decisions that have been made. Option 1 is offering false reassurance. In option
2, the nurse is expressing approval, which can be harmful to the client-nurse or
family-nurse relationship. Option 4 represents a communication block that
denies the client's right to an opinion.
A decision has just been made to give tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA)
(Activase) to a client. The nurse should obtain which supply for standard use as
part of safe nursing care related to this medication?
1. Flashlight
2. Pulse oximeter
3. Suction equipment
4. Occult blood test strips --ANSWER--4. Occult blood test strips
Activase is a thrombolytic medication that dissolves thrombi or emboli.
Bleeding is a frequent and potentially severe adverse effect of therapy. The
nurse assesses for signs of bleeding in clients receiving this therapy using occult
blood test strips to test urine, stool, or nasogastric drainage. A flashlight is used
for pupil assessment as part of the neurological examination in the client who is
neurologically impaired. Pulse oximeter and suction equipment would be
needed if the client had evidence of oxygenation or respiratory problems.
Page 3 of 33
, A home care nurse is visiting a client who was discharged to home with a
prescription for continued administration of enoxaparin (Lovenox)
subcutaneously. What is the nurse's priority assessment for this client?
1. Constipation
2. Fear of needles
3. Nausea or vomiting
4. Bleeding gums or bruising --ANSWER--4. Bleeding gums or bruising
Enoxaparin is an anticoagulant. An adverse effect of anticoagulant therapy is
bleeding. Accordingly, the nurse questions the client about signs and symptoms
that could indicate bleeding, such as bleeding gums, bruising, hematuria, or
dark tarry stools.
The nurse is assigned to care for a client who was just admitted to the hospital
for the treatment of iron overload. The nurse anticipates that the health care
provider will prescribe which medication to treat the iron overload?
1. Granisetron
2. Ketoconazole
3. Deferoxamine
4. Terbinafine (Lamisil) --ANSWER--3. Deferoxamine
Page 4 of 33
REVIEW PHARMACOLOGY EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS LATEST
UPDATE WITH RATIONALES
A client with a subarachnoid hemorrhage needs to have surgery delayed until a
stable clinical condition is achieved. The nurse prepares to administer which
medication as prescribed to prevent clot breakdown and dissolution?
1. Alteplase (Activase)
2. Warfarin (Coumadin)
3. Heparin sodium (Heparin)
4. Aminocaproic acid (Amicar) --ANSWER--4. Aminocaproic acid (Amicar)
Aminocaproic acid (Amicar) is an antifibrinolytic agent that prevents clot
breakdown or dissolution. It is commonly prescribed after subarachnoid
hemorrhage if surgery is delayed or contraindicated, to prevent further
hemorrhage. Alteplase is a fibrinolytic that actively breaks down clots. Warfarin
and heparin sodium are anticoagulants that interfere with propagation or growth
of a clot.
A client is taking ticlopidine hydrochloride (Ticlid). The nurse should tell the
client to avoid which substance while taking this medication?
Page 1 of 33
,1. Vitamin C
2. Vitamin D
3. Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
4. Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) --ANSWER--4. Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)
Ticlopidine hydrochloride is a platelet aggregation inhibitor. It is used to
decrease the risk of thrombotic stroke in clients with precursor symptoms.
Because it is an antiplatelet agent, other medications that precipitate or
aggravate bleeding should be avoided during its use. Therefore, aspirin or any
aspirin-containing product should be avoided. The substances in options 1, 2,
and 3 are safe to consume.
A client is admitted to the hospital emergency department with an acute anterior
wall myocardial infarction. The nurse discusses streptokinase (Streptase)
therapy with the client and spouse. The spouse is concerned about the dangers
of this treatment. Which statement by the nurse is appropriate?
1. "There is no reason to worry. We use this medication all the time."
2. "I'm certain you made the correct decision to use this medication."
3. "You have concerns about whether this treatment is the best option."
4. "Your loved one is very ill. The health care provider has made the best
decision for you." --ANSWER--3. "You have concerns about whether this
treatment is the best option."
Page 2 of 33
,Paraphrasing is restating the client's or family members' own words. This allows
the client and family members to express their concerns and talk through the
decisions that have been made. Option 1 is offering false reassurance. In option
2, the nurse is expressing approval, which can be harmful to the client-nurse or
family-nurse relationship. Option 4 represents a communication block that
denies the client's right to an opinion.
A decision has just been made to give tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA)
(Activase) to a client. The nurse should obtain which supply for standard use as
part of safe nursing care related to this medication?
1. Flashlight
2. Pulse oximeter
3. Suction equipment
4. Occult blood test strips --ANSWER--4. Occult blood test strips
Activase is a thrombolytic medication that dissolves thrombi or emboli.
Bleeding is a frequent and potentially severe adverse effect of therapy. The
nurse assesses for signs of bleeding in clients receiving this therapy using occult
blood test strips to test urine, stool, or nasogastric drainage. A flashlight is used
for pupil assessment as part of the neurological examination in the client who is
neurologically impaired. Pulse oximeter and suction equipment would be
needed if the client had evidence of oxygenation or respiratory problems.
Page 3 of 33
, A home care nurse is visiting a client who was discharged to home with a
prescription for continued administration of enoxaparin (Lovenox)
subcutaneously. What is the nurse's priority assessment for this client?
1. Constipation
2. Fear of needles
3. Nausea or vomiting
4. Bleeding gums or bruising --ANSWER--4. Bleeding gums or bruising
Enoxaparin is an anticoagulant. An adverse effect of anticoagulant therapy is
bleeding. Accordingly, the nurse questions the client about signs and symptoms
that could indicate bleeding, such as bleeding gums, bruising, hematuria, or
dark tarry stools.
The nurse is assigned to care for a client who was just admitted to the hospital
for the treatment of iron overload. The nurse anticipates that the health care
provider will prescribe which medication to treat the iron overload?
1. Granisetron
2. Ketoconazole
3. Deferoxamine
4. Terbinafine (Lamisil) --ANSWER--3. Deferoxamine
Page 4 of 33
