ASTHMA COPD CF NCLEX RESPIRATORY QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS CURRENTLY TESTED AND
APPROVED GRADED A+
1. While teaching a patient with asthma the appropriate use of a peak flow
meter, the nurse instructs the patient to
a. take and record peak flow readings when having asthma symptoms or an
attack.
b. increase the doses of long-term control medications for peak flows in the red
zone.
c. use the flow meter each morning after taking asthma medications.
d. empty the lungs and then inhale rapidly through the mouthpiece. --
ANSWER--A
Rationale: It is recommended that patients check peak flows when asthma
symptoms or attacks occur to compare the peak flow with the baseline.
Increased doses of rapidly acting 2-agonists are indicated for peak flows in the
red zone. Peak flows should be checked every morning before using
medications. Peak flows are assessed during rapid exhalation.
Cognitive Level: Application Text Reference: pp. 625, 628
Nursing Process: Implementation NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
,2. A 32-year-old patient is seen in the clinic for dyspnea associated with the
diagnosis of emphysema. The patient denies any history of smoking. The nurse
will anticipate teaching the patient about
a. 1-antitrypsin testing.
b. use of the nicotine patch.
c. continuous pulse oximetry.
d. effects of leukotriene modifiers. --ANSWER--A
Rationale: When emphysema occurs in young patients, especially without a
smoking history, a congenital deficiency in 1-antitrypsin should be suspected.
Because the patient does not smoke, a nicotine patch would not be ordered.
There is no indication that the patient requires continuous pulse oximetry.
Leukotriene modifiers would be used in patients with asthma, not with
emphysema.
Cognitive Level: Application Text Reference: p. 632
Nursing Process: Planning NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
3. When teaching a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
about reasons to quit smoking, the nurse will explain that long-term exposure to
tobacco smoke leads to a
a. weakening of the smooth muscle lining the airways.
b. decrease in the area available for oxygen absorption.
c. lesser number of red blood cells for oxygen delivery.
d. decreased production of protective respiratory secretions. --ANSWER--B
, Rationale: Tobacco smoke leads to an increase in proteolytic enzymes, which
break down alveolar walls and lead to less alveolar surface area for gas
exchange. Bronchial smooth muscle is not weakened by chronic smoking.
Polycythemia is a common compensatory mechanism for patients with COPD.
The quantity of respiratory secretions increases as a result of smoking.
Cognitive Level: Application Text Reference: p. 633
Nursing Process: Implementation NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
4. Which of these is the best goal for the patient admitted with chronic
bronchitis who has a nursing diagnosis of ineffective airway clearance?
a. Patient denies having dyspnea.
b. Patient's mental status is improved.
c. Patient has a productive cough.
d. Patient's O2 saturation is 90%. --ANSWER--C
Rationale: The goal for the nursing diagnosis of ineffective airway clearance is
to maintain a clear airway by coughing effectively. The other goals may be
appropriate for the patient with COPD, but they do not address the problem of
ineffective airway clearance.
Cognitive Level: Application Text Reference: p. 660
Nursing Process: Evaluation NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS CURRENTLY TESTED AND
APPROVED GRADED A+
1. While teaching a patient with asthma the appropriate use of a peak flow
meter, the nurse instructs the patient to
a. take and record peak flow readings when having asthma symptoms or an
attack.
b. increase the doses of long-term control medications for peak flows in the red
zone.
c. use the flow meter each morning after taking asthma medications.
d. empty the lungs and then inhale rapidly through the mouthpiece. --
ANSWER--A
Rationale: It is recommended that patients check peak flows when asthma
symptoms or attacks occur to compare the peak flow with the baseline.
Increased doses of rapidly acting 2-agonists are indicated for peak flows in the
red zone. Peak flows should be checked every morning before using
medications. Peak flows are assessed during rapid exhalation.
Cognitive Level: Application Text Reference: pp. 625, 628
Nursing Process: Implementation NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
,2. A 32-year-old patient is seen in the clinic for dyspnea associated with the
diagnosis of emphysema. The patient denies any history of smoking. The nurse
will anticipate teaching the patient about
a. 1-antitrypsin testing.
b. use of the nicotine patch.
c. continuous pulse oximetry.
d. effects of leukotriene modifiers. --ANSWER--A
Rationale: When emphysema occurs in young patients, especially without a
smoking history, a congenital deficiency in 1-antitrypsin should be suspected.
Because the patient does not smoke, a nicotine patch would not be ordered.
There is no indication that the patient requires continuous pulse oximetry.
Leukotriene modifiers would be used in patients with asthma, not with
emphysema.
Cognitive Level: Application Text Reference: p. 632
Nursing Process: Planning NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
3. When teaching a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
about reasons to quit smoking, the nurse will explain that long-term exposure to
tobacco smoke leads to a
a. weakening of the smooth muscle lining the airways.
b. decrease in the area available for oxygen absorption.
c. lesser number of red blood cells for oxygen delivery.
d. decreased production of protective respiratory secretions. --ANSWER--B
, Rationale: Tobacco smoke leads to an increase in proteolytic enzymes, which
break down alveolar walls and lead to less alveolar surface area for gas
exchange. Bronchial smooth muscle is not weakened by chronic smoking.
Polycythemia is a common compensatory mechanism for patients with COPD.
The quantity of respiratory secretions increases as a result of smoking.
Cognitive Level: Application Text Reference: p. 633
Nursing Process: Implementation NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
4. Which of these is the best goal for the patient admitted with chronic
bronchitis who has a nursing diagnosis of ineffective airway clearance?
a. Patient denies having dyspnea.
b. Patient's mental status is improved.
c. Patient has a productive cough.
d. Patient's O2 saturation is 90%. --ANSWER--C
Rationale: The goal for the nursing diagnosis of ineffective airway clearance is
to maintain a clear airway by coughing effectively. The other goals may be
appropriate for the patient with COPD, but they do not address the problem of
ineffective airway clearance.
Cognitive Level: Application Text Reference: p. 660
Nursing Process: Evaluation NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
