Detailed Questions And Correct
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false reassurance -ANSWER Everything will be fine
Why Assess? -ANSWER To identify changes in pt condition, to help foresee areas of
concern
RN -ANSWER who does the initial assessment?
Within 24 hours -ANSWER When should an initial assessment be done?
discharge planning -ANSWER What should we pay attention to when a pt is post op knee
replacement and they live on 2nd floor
Steps of an assessment -ANSWER 1. Introduce self
2. Explain procedure
3. wash hands
4. Identify pt
5. Provide privacy
6. Inspect, auscultate, palpate
Correct, then continue -ANSWER If a concern arises during assessment (Ex: pt c/o SOB.
Sit up, apply O2 or check tubing, teach inhale through nose, exhale through mouth)
Order of assessmet -ANSWER Subjective then Objective (helps to identify ares of focus)
Inspect airway, auscultate lungs -ANSWER If pt c/o sore throat or recent cold
Serous Drainage -ANSWER Clear(Good or indifferent)
Sanginous Drainage -ANSWER Blood-red(a little is ok, alot is bad)
Serosanginous Drainage -ANSWER Pink-mix of blood and serous(This is ok)
Purulent Drainage -ANSWER Puss (assess for infection and notify MD)
,Absent Bowel Sounds -ANSWER Auscultate 5 mins per quadrant (Silence means
NOTHING) (20 minute total) assess for an obstruction and notify MD
Normal IM injection reaction -ANSWER Burning at site, itching at site, bruising
Abnormal IM injection Reaction -ANSWER vomiting, constipation, dry mouth, rash
(systemic)
TB testing -ANSWER 1. Must be read 48-72 hrs (assessed)
2. Document date, time of injection and reading, as well as result
3. Mild swelling is normal
TB result-negative -ANSWER 10mm- healthcare workers are a strict 10
TB result-positive -ANSWER red, raised (induration)
Positive TB result -ANSWER This means that the person has been exposed to TB
At risk for TB -ANSWER nursing homes, jails, homeless, certain meds, some other
countries, healthcare workers
Hyperglycemia -ANSWER hot and dry-sugar high
Hypoglycemia -ANSWER cold and clammy-needs some candy
Symptoms of Hyperglycemia -ANSWER extreme thirst, frequent urination, dry skin,
hunger, blurred vision, drowsiness, nausea
Symptoms of Hypoglycemia -ANSWER shaking, tachycardia, sweating, anxious, dizzy,
hunger, impaired vision, weakness, fatigue, headaches, irritable
insulin -ANSWER NPH-longer lasting (cloudy)
Regular- faster acting (clear)
Order of Insulin Draw -ANSWER cloudy(air), clear(air),clear(insulin), cloudy(insulin)
70-110 -ANSWER Normal BS
Vision Intervention -ANSWER Annual Eye Exam
Vision Assessment -ANSWER PERRLA, peripheral testing, snellen chart, Hx (changes in
vision?, dark spots?, flashes?, issues in certain lighting?)
Vision pt education -ANSWER Certain drops can burn eyes, burning is better than being
blind (miotics)
,Hearing interventions -ANSWER 1. Face to face
2. Speak clearly, slowly and directly
3. Eliminate background noise
Hearing Treatment -ANSWER audiology
Cataract Assessment -ANSWER 1. dimness
2. misty vision
3. blurriness (milky haze)
Glaucoma -ANSWER High IOP
Timolol -ANSWER Glaucoma Tx
ARMD risks -ANSWER 1. depression
2. ignoring Sx
3. injuries, falls, accidents, mobility
ARMD sight -ANSWER Loss of central vision- can see on side(may place things to one
side or other)
Glaucoma Sight -ANSWER Loss of peripheral vision-side vision
Deafness Intervention -ANSWER hearing aid care
Hearing aid care -ANSWER Do not wash/submerge hearing aids. Turn off when not in
use, open battery door
Timolol side effects -ANSWER Beta Blocker-slows heart down, watch for SOB
Malignant Tumors -ANSWER Irregular, Immobile, hard upon palpation, ususally not
painful
Important for Cancer patients -ANSWER report all new results, do not call pt and freak
them out, do not just bury results in chart somewhere
Smoking HX -ANSWER Smokeless tobacco?
How much?
How long?
Cough?
Would you like to quit?
Pack years -ANSWER Packs per day times years, MD wants to know pack years
, Smoking prevention -ANSWER pulmonary tests, O2 levels, sputum cultures, cessation
methods, support groups, teach proper oral care
Age Assessment -ANSWER physical vs. neumeric
Age prevention -ANSWER sunscreen, antiaging products, lotions, hydration
Nutrition Hx -ANSWER What do you eat?
Vitamins? OTC?
Restrictions?
BMI- high? Low?
Constipation or Diarrhea?
Nutrition prevention -ANSWER Meal planning, diet, exercise, see dietician, if pt has
cancer increase protein, low fat, increase calories
Physical activity Hx -ANSWER How much?
Weight bearing?
Intensity?
ROM problems?
Pain?
Aerobic or Anaerobic?
Physical Activity prevention -ANSWER increased activity with plan, buddy system,
classes, pain management for exercise if needed (1 hr before)
Carcinogen Exposure Hx -ANSWER radiation (time, distance, shielding), asbestos, led,
pollution, sun or tanning, coal miner, Agent Orange?
Carcinogen prevention -ANSWER PPE, avoidance, move if needed, remove lead, no
tanning, stay out of sun
Genetics Hx -ANSWER family Hx, current Dx-past medical Hx, genetics testing
(BRACAA1 or 2), blood tests, saliva
Genetics prevention -ANSWER proper screenings.
good chronic Disease care
prophylactic Tx, if indicated(mastectomy, Oophorectomy)
Racial/Social Hx -ANSWER poverty, food ingestion, BMI, alcohol, smoking, Sexual Hx,
location of family home, work location, type of work, Sickle cell (AA), clotting factors
(Caucasian)
Racial/Social Prevention -ANSWER education, screenings, dietary changes, routine
medical care, changing jobs, abstaining