GNRS515 - Advanced Pathophysiology -
Exam with Questions and Correct
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T/F: Non-dividing cells, such as myocardial fibers, are capable of hypertrophy,
but not hyperplasia. - CORRECT ANSWERS-True
T/F: Dysplasia is a common type of normal cellular adaptation. - CORRECT
ANSWERS-False
T/F: Hypertrophy and hyperplasia rarely occur together. - CORRECT
ANSWERS-False
T/F: A man with a history of smoking has a bronchial biopsy showing that the
normal columnar ciliated epithelial cells have been replaced by stratified
squamous epithelial cells. The man is correctly told that this process could be
reversed if he quits smoking. - CORRECT ANSWERS-True
T/F: Dysplastic changes may be reversible, but more commonly become
malignant. - CORRECT ANSWERS-True
Which type of cell adaptation occurs when normal columnar ciliated epithelial
cells of the bronchial lining have been replaced by stratified squamous
epithelial cells?
A. Hyperplasia
B. Metaplasia
C. Dysplasia
D. Anaplasia - CORRECT ANSWERS-B. Metaplasia
The mammary glands enlarge during pregnancy primarily as a consequence of:
A. Compensatory hyperplasia
B. Hormonal hyperplasia
C. Hormonal anaplasia
D. Hormonal dysplasia - CORRECT ANSWERS-B. Hormonal Hyperplasia
,When the heart's workload increases, what changes occur to the myocardial
cells?
A. They divide
B. They increase in size
C. They increase in number
D. They undergo metaplasia - CORRECT ANSWERS-B. They increase in size
After ovulation, the uterine endometrial cells divide under the influence of
estrogen; this is an example of hormonal:
A. Hyperplasia.
B. Dysplasia.
C. Hypertrophy
D. Anaplasia - CORRECT ANSWERS-A. Hyperplasia
The abnormal proliferation of cells in response to excessive hormonal
stimulation is called:
A. Dysplasia.
B. Pathologic dysplasia
C. Hyperplasia
D. Pathologic hyperplasia - CORRECT ANSWERS-D. Pathologic Hyperplasia
Removal of part of the liver leads to ______________ of the remaining liver cells.
A. Dysplasia
B. Metaplasia
C. Compensatory hyperplasia
D. Compensatory dysplasia - CORRECT ANSWERS-C. Compensatory
Hyperplasia
During ischemia, what effect does the loss of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
level have on cells?
A. Cells shrink because of the influx of Ca
B. Cells shrink because of the influx of KCl
C. Cells swell because of the influx of NaCl
D. Cells swell because of the influx of NO - CORRECT ANSWERS-C. Cells swell
because of the influx of NaCl
What is a consequence of plasma membrane damage to the mitochondria?
A. Enzymatic digestion halts DNA synthesis.
B. Influx of calcium ions halts ATP production
C. Reduction in ATP production caused by edema from an influx in sodium
, D. Shift of potassium out of the mitochondria, which destroys the infrastructure
- CORRECT ANSWERS-B. Influx of calcium ions halts ATP production
What is a consequence of leakage of lysosomal enzymes during chemical
injury?
A. Enzymatic digestion of the nucleus and nucleolus occurs, halting DNA
synthesis
B. Influx of potassium ions into the mitochondria occurs, halting the ATP
production
C. Edema of the Golgi body occurs, preventing the transport of proteins out of
the cell
D. Shift of calcium out of the plasma membrane occurs, destroying the
cytoskeleton - CORRECT ANSWERS-A. Enzymatic digestion of the nucleus and
nucleolus occurs, halting DNA synthesis
In hypoxic injury, why does sodium enter the cell and cause swelling?
A. Because the cell membrane permeability increases for sodium during
periods of hypoxia
B. Because there is insufficient ATP to maintain the pump that keeps sodium
out of the cell
C. Because the lactic acid produced by the hypoxia binds with sodium within
the cell
D. Because sodium cannot be transported in the cytosol to the cell membrane
during hypoxia - CORRECT ANSWERS-B. Because there is insufficient ATP to
maintain the pump that keeps sodium out of the cell
What organs are affected by coagulative necrosis that results from hypoxia
caused by severe ischemia or caused by chemical injury?
A. Lungs and pulmonary vessels
B. Brain and spinal cord
C. Kidneys and heart
D. Muscles and bones - CORRECT ANSWERS-C. Kidneys and heart
What type of necrosis results from ischemia of neurons and glial cells?
A. Coagulative necrosis
B. Liquefactive necrosis
C. Caseous necrosis
D. Gangrene necrosis - CORRECT ANSWERS-B. Liquefactive necrosis
What type of necrosis is often associated with pulmonary tuberculosis?
A. Bacteriologic necrosis
Exam with Questions and Correct
Answers Verified Latest Updated 100%
Guaranteed Pass
T/F: Non-dividing cells, such as myocardial fibers, are capable of hypertrophy,
but not hyperplasia. - CORRECT ANSWERS-True
T/F: Dysplasia is a common type of normal cellular adaptation. - CORRECT
ANSWERS-False
T/F: Hypertrophy and hyperplasia rarely occur together. - CORRECT
ANSWERS-False
T/F: A man with a history of smoking has a bronchial biopsy showing that the
normal columnar ciliated epithelial cells have been replaced by stratified
squamous epithelial cells. The man is correctly told that this process could be
reversed if he quits smoking. - CORRECT ANSWERS-True
T/F: Dysplastic changes may be reversible, but more commonly become
malignant. - CORRECT ANSWERS-True
Which type of cell adaptation occurs when normal columnar ciliated epithelial
cells of the bronchial lining have been replaced by stratified squamous
epithelial cells?
A. Hyperplasia
B. Metaplasia
C. Dysplasia
D. Anaplasia - CORRECT ANSWERS-B. Metaplasia
The mammary glands enlarge during pregnancy primarily as a consequence of:
A. Compensatory hyperplasia
B. Hormonal hyperplasia
C. Hormonal anaplasia
D. Hormonal dysplasia - CORRECT ANSWERS-B. Hormonal Hyperplasia
,When the heart's workload increases, what changes occur to the myocardial
cells?
A. They divide
B. They increase in size
C. They increase in number
D. They undergo metaplasia - CORRECT ANSWERS-B. They increase in size
After ovulation, the uterine endometrial cells divide under the influence of
estrogen; this is an example of hormonal:
A. Hyperplasia.
B. Dysplasia.
C. Hypertrophy
D. Anaplasia - CORRECT ANSWERS-A. Hyperplasia
The abnormal proliferation of cells in response to excessive hormonal
stimulation is called:
A. Dysplasia.
B. Pathologic dysplasia
C. Hyperplasia
D. Pathologic hyperplasia - CORRECT ANSWERS-D. Pathologic Hyperplasia
Removal of part of the liver leads to ______________ of the remaining liver cells.
A. Dysplasia
B. Metaplasia
C. Compensatory hyperplasia
D. Compensatory dysplasia - CORRECT ANSWERS-C. Compensatory
Hyperplasia
During ischemia, what effect does the loss of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
level have on cells?
A. Cells shrink because of the influx of Ca
B. Cells shrink because of the influx of KCl
C. Cells swell because of the influx of NaCl
D. Cells swell because of the influx of NO - CORRECT ANSWERS-C. Cells swell
because of the influx of NaCl
What is a consequence of plasma membrane damage to the mitochondria?
A. Enzymatic digestion halts DNA synthesis.
B. Influx of calcium ions halts ATP production
C. Reduction in ATP production caused by edema from an influx in sodium
, D. Shift of potassium out of the mitochondria, which destroys the infrastructure
- CORRECT ANSWERS-B. Influx of calcium ions halts ATP production
What is a consequence of leakage of lysosomal enzymes during chemical
injury?
A. Enzymatic digestion of the nucleus and nucleolus occurs, halting DNA
synthesis
B. Influx of potassium ions into the mitochondria occurs, halting the ATP
production
C. Edema of the Golgi body occurs, preventing the transport of proteins out of
the cell
D. Shift of calcium out of the plasma membrane occurs, destroying the
cytoskeleton - CORRECT ANSWERS-A. Enzymatic digestion of the nucleus and
nucleolus occurs, halting DNA synthesis
In hypoxic injury, why does sodium enter the cell and cause swelling?
A. Because the cell membrane permeability increases for sodium during
periods of hypoxia
B. Because there is insufficient ATP to maintain the pump that keeps sodium
out of the cell
C. Because the lactic acid produced by the hypoxia binds with sodium within
the cell
D. Because sodium cannot be transported in the cytosol to the cell membrane
during hypoxia - CORRECT ANSWERS-B. Because there is insufficient ATP to
maintain the pump that keeps sodium out of the cell
What organs are affected by coagulative necrosis that results from hypoxia
caused by severe ischemia or caused by chemical injury?
A. Lungs and pulmonary vessels
B. Brain and spinal cord
C. Kidneys and heart
D. Muscles and bones - CORRECT ANSWERS-C. Kidneys and heart
What type of necrosis results from ischemia of neurons and glial cells?
A. Coagulative necrosis
B. Liquefactive necrosis
C. Caseous necrosis
D. Gangrene necrosis - CORRECT ANSWERS-B. Liquefactive necrosis
What type of necrosis is often associated with pulmonary tuberculosis?
A. Bacteriologic necrosis
