STRAIGHTERLINE ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2026 LATEST EXAM GUIDE WITH 370 MOST TESTED QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

STRAIGHTERLINE ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2026 LATEST EXAM
GUIDE WITH 370 MOST TESTED QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS

What ||is ||the ||smallest ||level ||of ||organization ||in ||the ||body ||that ||contains ||the ||body's ||genetic
||information?



a. chemical

b. cellular

c. tissue

d. organism ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER-cellular ||The ||cellular ||level ||includes ||the ||nucleus, ||an
||organelle ||that ||contains ||the ||body's ||genetic ||information.




Which ||is ||an ||example ||of ||a ||normally ||occurring ||positive-feedback ||mechanism?

|| Select ||one:

a. elevated ||blood ||pressure ||during ||exercise

b. increase ||in ||heart ||rate ||after ||blood ||loss

c. decrease ||in ||blood ||pressure ||after ||blood ||loss

d. stretching ||of ||the ||uterus ||near ||the ||end ||of ||pregnancy ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER-d. ||stretching ||of
||the ||uterus ||near ||the ||end ||of ||pregnancy




Which ||of ||the ||following ||processes ||generates ||the ||most ||ATP ||within ||a ||human

cell? ||Select ||one:
||



a. glycolysis

b. lactic ||acid ||fermentation

c. oxidative ||phosphorylation

d. citric ||acid ||cycle ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER-c. ||oxidative ||phosphorylation



During ||DNA ||replication, ||how ||does ||each ||template ||strand ||eventually ||become ||two ||identical ||DNA
||molecules?



Select ||one:

a. The ||two ||strands ||form ||continuously, ||catalyzed ||by ||DNA ||polymerase.

b. The ||two ||strands ||form ||continuously, ||catalyzed ||by ||DNA ||ligase.

c. One ||strand ||forms ||continuously, ||the ||other ||forms ||in ||short ||segments ||spliced ||by ||DNA
||polymerase.

,d. One ||strand ||forms ||continuously, ||the ||other ||forms ||in ||short ||segments ||spliced ||by ||DNA
||ligase. ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER-d. ||One ||strand ||forms ||continuously, ||the ||other ||forms ||in ||short

||segments ||spliced ||by ||DNA ||ligase. ||There ||is ||a ||leading ||strand ||and ||a ||lagging ||strand; ||they

||don't ||both ||form ||continuously.




Which ||is ||the ||most ||superficial ||layer ||of ||skin ||that ||is ||composed ||primarily ||of ||living

cells? ||Select ||one:
||



a. stratum ||corneum

b. stratum ||lucidum

c. stratum ||basale ||spinosum.

d. stratum ||spinosum ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER-.

d. ||stratum ||spinosum ||(stratum ||basale ||layer ||is ||below ||the ||stratum ||spinosum)



Which ||of ||the ||following ||is ||the ||definition ||of ||a ||third ||degree

burn? ||Select ||one:
||



a. a ||burn ||that ||covers ||at ||least ||25% ||of ||the ||skin

b. a ||burn ||that ||has ||destroyed ||the ||dermis ||and ||epidermis

c. a ||burn ||that ||can ||only ||be ||caused ||by ||fire

d. a ||burn ||that ||does ||not ||leave ||scars ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER-a ||burn ||that ||has ||destroyed ||the
||dermis ||and ||epidermis. ||How ||much ||skin ||the ||burn ||covers ||does ||not ||definite ||which ||degree

||of ||burn ||it ||is.




Which ||of ||the ||following ||types ||of ||openings ||in ||the ||skeletal ||system ||does ||a ||"sinus"

describe? ||Select ||one:
||



a. cavity

b. cleft

c. hole

d. tunnel ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER-a. ||cavity: ||a ||sinus ||is ||an ||air ||space ||within ||bone.



Which ||of ||the ||following ||components ||of ||the ||bone ||matrix, ||when ||removed, ||allows ||the ||bone ||to
||be ||easily ||shattered?



Select ||one:

a. cartilage

b. collagen

,c. hydroxyapatite

d. mineral ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER-b. ||Collagen ||is ||a ||component ||of ||the ||bone ||matrix ||that ||gives
||it ||flexible ||strength ||so ||it ||is ||less ||brittle.




Which ||of ||the ||following ||is ||the ||most ||widely ||distributed ||type ||of ||muscle ||in ||the

|| body? ||Select ||one:

a. cardiac

b. postural

c. skeletal

d. smooth ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER-d. ||smooth



Which ||sentence ||best ||describes ||the ||sliding ||filament ||model ||of ||muscle

contraction? ||Select ||one:
||



a. Actin ||and ||myosin ||filaments ||remain ||stationary.

b. Actin ||and ||myosin ||myofilaments ||shorten.

c. Sarcomeres ||and ||myofibrils ||contract.

d. Sarcomeres ||and ||myofibrils ||lengthen. ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER-c. ||Sarcomeres ||and ||myofibrils
||contract. ||The ||shortening ||of ||sarcomeres ||is ||responsible ||for ||contraction, ||and ||thus ||myofibrils

||(sarcomeres ||joined ||end ||to ||end) ||also ||shorten




A ||doctor ||performing ||an ||autopsy ||on ||a ||patient ||concludes ||that ||part ||of ||the ||brain ||was ||likely
||damaged ||by ||trauma ||due ||to ||a ||large ||population ||of ||which ||type ||of ||cell?



Select ||one:

a. Schwann ||cells

b. microglia

c. oligodendrocytes

d. ependymal ||cells ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER-b. ||microglia



What ||type ||of ||axons ||is ||found ||in ||a ||gray ||ramus ||comunicans?

|| Select ||one:

a. myelinated, ||pre-ganglionic ||axons
b. myelinated, ||post-ganglionic ||axons

, c. unmyelinated, ||pre-ganglionic || axons

d. unmyelinated, ||post-ganglionic ||axons ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER-d. ||unmyelinated, ||post-ganglionic
|| axons




Which ||class ||of ||chemical ||messengers ||is ||secreted ||by ||neurons ||into ||synaptic ||clefts ||to
||activate ||an ||adjacent ||cell?




Select ||one:

a. autocrine

b. endocrine

c. neurotransmitter

d. paracrine ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER-c. ||neurotransmitter ||Neurotransmitters ||are ||secreted ||into ||a
||synaptic ||cleft ||by ||presynaptic ||nerve ||terminals.




The ||targeted ||response ||of ||the ||hormone ||lipotropin ||is ||an ||increase ||in ||which ||of ||the

following? ||Select ||one:
||



a. the ||breakdown ||of ||fat ||in ||adipose ||tissues

b. the ||breakdown ||of ||lipids ||and ||release ||of ||fatty ||acids ||from ||cells ||This ||is ||caused ||by ||release
||of ||growth ||hormone.



c. the ||production ||of ||milk ||in ||lactating ||women

d. the ||secretion ||of ||thyroid ||hormone ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER-a. ||the ||breakdown ||of ||fat ||in ||adipose
||tissues




What ||causes ||the ||breakdown ||of ||lipids ||and ||release ||of ||fatty ||acids ||from ||cells? ||- ||CORRECT
||ANSWER-The ||release ||of ||growth ||hormones.




There ||are ||more ||microbial ||cells ||than ||human ||cells ||in ||your ||body ||and ||the ||health ||of ||this
||microbiota ||clearly ||influences ||human ||well-being. ||How ||many ||microbes ||are ||there?.



Select ||one:

a. For ||every ||cell ||in ||your ||body, ||there ||are ||ten ||microbial ||cells.

b. For ||every ||cell ||in ||your ||body, ||there ||are ||one ||hundred ||microbial ||cells.

c. For ||every ||cell ||in ||your ||body, ||there ||are ||one ||thousand ||microbial ||cells.

d. For ||every ||cell ||in ||your ||body, ||there ||are ||ten ||thousand ||microbial ||cells ||- ||CORRECT ||ANSWER-a.
||For ||every ||cell ||in ||your ||body, ||there ||are ||ten ||microbial ||cells.