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Patricia Benner ; novice to expert described the 5 levels of proficiency that an expert nurse goes
through - correct answer -Which nurse theorist developed the concept "novice to expert"?
Novice Nurse (Stage 1) - correct answer -The *novice nurse* has no experience with specific
patient populations and uses rules to guide performance.
Advanced Beginner Nurse (Stage 2) - correct answer -A nurse who has had some level of
experience with the situation. This experience may only be observational in nature, but the
nurse is able to identify meaningful aspects or principles of nursing care.
Competent Nurse (Stage 3) - correct answer -nurse in the same setting for 2-3 years; to
anticipate & plan long term goals for specific patient population; experienced psychomotor skills
Proficient Nurse (Stage 4) - correct answer -nurse in the same setting for more than 2-3 years;
able to understand situations and make decisions based on previous experiences
Expert Nurse (Stage 5) - correct answer --nurse with intuitive understanding of clinical
situations anticipate potential problems -mentor to other nurse
Code of Ethics for Nurses - correct answer -A formal statement by the ANA of the nursing
profession's code of ethics. Guides decision making, practice, accountability, responsibility, and
integrity
Professional responsibilities and roles of nursing - correct answer -Autonomy and
Accountability
Caregiver
,Advocate
Educator
Communicator
Manager
Autonomy and Accountability - correct answer -Owning up to your own errors and mistakes
Autonomy Vs Accountability - correct answer -Autonomy is Initiation of INDEPENDENT nursing
interventions without medical orders. Accountability means that you are responsible
professionally and legally for your nursing care provided.
caregiver - correct answer -a person that provides care for and meets the needs of someone
else
Advocate - correct answer -to recommend; to speak in favor of; to support
Educator - correct answer -Explains, demonstrates, reinforces, and evaluates
Communicator - correct answer -In charge of most communication from healthcare team and
patients. Ex: Informing patients and family members of health conditions, diagnosis, treatment
plans and medication protocols
Manager - correct answer -Embody nurse and executive role. Ex: In charge of Staffing,
employee satisfaction, safety and quality, customer satisfaction and budgeting.
Nurse autonomy example - correct answer -Patient is transferred to post op-care, they may
need an adjustment to their pain treatment medication, treatment plan or something else that
help with their comfort. Nursing can provide this type of support without having to consult a
doctor.
, Nurse Accountability examples - correct answer -Working within the nursing scope of practice
as defined by the state licensing board. Ex: Complying with professional standards and staying
updated as those standards change. Using evidence-based practice
Florence Nightingale - correct answer -• "Lady with the Lamp"
• Established nursing philosophy
• Linked health outcomes to the environment (Washing hands stop spread of diseases)
Clara Barton - correct answer -• She founded American Red Cross
• Provided med supplies to soldiers
External forces that have affected nursing practice in the 21st century - correct answer -a.
Compassion Fatigue - Prolonged grieving
b. Critical Care Unit - Oncology
c. Burnout- Physical and mental overload
d. Secondary traumatic stress: Witnessing and caring for others suffering
e. Lateral Violence - Between staff
What is the focus on qsen - correct answer -Quality and safety education for nurses; prepares
future nurses and advanced practice nurses to have knowledge, skills and attitudes necessary to
continuously improve the quality and safety of the healthcare systems.
Example of informatics - correct answer -Using the electronic health records to learn about
your patient health history
Examples of safety - correct answer -examine human factors and basic safety design principles
and commonly used unsafe practices, value own role in preventing errors