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Platyhelminthes and Nematoda Overview – BIOL172 | 2026 Exam Prep Notes | Flatworms & Roundworms Summary

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This concise study guide covers essential characteristics, anatomy, reproduction, and classification of Platyhelminthes (flatworms) and Nematoda (roundworms) for BIOL172. It includes expert-verified notes on body systems, reproduction types, parasitic adaptations, and examples such as Planarians, flukes, tapeworms, and common nematodes like Ascaris and pinworms. Perfect for quick revision or test prep in zoology or introductory biology courses. Keywords: Platyhelminthes Nematoda flatworms roundworms Planaria Trematoda Cestoda asexual reproduction pseudocoelomate tegument protonephridia hydrostatic skeleton scolex Ascaris pinworm hookworm triploblastic monoecious dioecious

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BIOL172
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BIOL172

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Platheiminthes (Flat Worms) BIOL172
2026 Expert Verified | Ace the Test



General - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Bilateral System


Hydrostatic skeleton

triploblastic

Cephalization (head end, sensory organs, forward move)


Excretory system - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Protonephridia (cleans blood) (flame

cells)

Osmoregulation

Excretes waste

, nervous system - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Cerebral ganglia (brain)


Lateral and transverse nerves

Acelomates (no body cavity)

Monoecious (same sex)

Asexual (Budding, regeneration, and fission)

Sexual (Cross fertilization)


protonephridia of a Planarian - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Beating cilia in a flame bulb

filter body fluid through the tubules and out through an opening in the body

wall.


Class Turbellaria (Planarians) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Fresh water and carnivores


Auricles (sense organs)

Ocelli (eyes)

Longitudinal and circular muscles

Muscular pharynx for eating

Gastrovascular cavity

Asexual: Transverse fission

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