OpenStax Biology 2e Instructor Answer Guide
Biology 2e
Unit 7: Animal Structure and Function
Chapter 37: The Endocrine System
Visual Connection Questions
1. Heat shock proteins (HSP) are so named because they help refold misfolded proteins. In
response to increased temperature (a “heat shock”), heat shock proteins are activated by
release from the NR/HSP complex. At the same time, transcription of HSP genes is activated.
Why do you think the cell responds to a heat shock by increasing the activity of proteins that
help refold misfolded proteins?
Proteins unfold, or denature, at higher temperatures.
2. Pancreatic tumors may cause excess secretion of glucagon. Type I diabetes results from the
failure of the pancreas to produce insulin. Which of the following statement about these two
conditions is true?
B. A pancreatic tumor and type I diabetes will both cause hyperglycemia.
, OpenStax Biology 2e Instructor Answer Guide
3. Hyperthyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland is overactive. Hypothyroidism is a
condition in which the thyroid gland is underactive. Which of the conditions are the following
two patients most likely to have?
Patient A has symptoms associated with decreased metabolism, and may be suffering from
hypothyroidism. Patient B has symptoms associated with increased metabolism, and may be
suffering from hyperthyroidism.
Review Questions
4. A newly discovered hormone contains four amino acids linked together. Under which
chemical class would this hormone be classified?
c. peptide hormone
5. Which class of hormones can diffuse through plasma membranes?
a. lipid-derived hormones
6. Why are steroids able to diffuse across the plasma membrane?
d. They are non-polar molecules.
7. A new antagonist molecule has been discovered that binds to and blocks plasma membrane
receptors. What effect will this antagonist have on testosterone, a steroid hormone?
d. It will not affect testosterone-mediated signaling.
Biology 2e
Unit 7: Animal Structure and Function
Chapter 37: The Endocrine System
Visual Connection Questions
1. Heat shock proteins (HSP) are so named because they help refold misfolded proteins. In
response to increased temperature (a “heat shock”), heat shock proteins are activated by
release from the NR/HSP complex. At the same time, transcription of HSP genes is activated.
Why do you think the cell responds to a heat shock by increasing the activity of proteins that
help refold misfolded proteins?
Proteins unfold, or denature, at higher temperatures.
2. Pancreatic tumors may cause excess secretion of glucagon. Type I diabetes results from the
failure of the pancreas to produce insulin. Which of the following statement about these two
conditions is true?
B. A pancreatic tumor and type I diabetes will both cause hyperglycemia.
, OpenStax Biology 2e Instructor Answer Guide
3. Hyperthyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland is overactive. Hypothyroidism is a
condition in which the thyroid gland is underactive. Which of the conditions are the following
two patients most likely to have?
Patient A has symptoms associated with decreased metabolism, and may be suffering from
hypothyroidism. Patient B has symptoms associated with increased metabolism, and may be
suffering from hyperthyroidism.
Review Questions
4. A newly discovered hormone contains four amino acids linked together. Under which
chemical class would this hormone be classified?
c. peptide hormone
5. Which class of hormones can diffuse through plasma membranes?
a. lipid-derived hormones
6. Why are steroids able to diffuse across the plasma membrane?
d. They are non-polar molecules.
7. A new antagonist molecule has been discovered that binds to and blocks plasma membrane
receptors. What effect will this antagonist have on testosterone, a steroid hormone?
d. It will not affect testosterone-mediated signaling.
